"We have seen that you have changed nine jobs in the past five years. Please tell us the reason why you left your last job."

"The team has lost nine games and is on the verge of relegation. We have lost the trust of the fans. What should you do? "

Submitting a resume, interviewing, and looking for a job … I’m afraid this is a life link that most people have experienced. So does the coach of the football club need to do the same? What’s the difference between their interview and ordinary people?

A few days ago, the British media BBC revealed the details of the British football coach’s job search: most clubs always keep a list of succession candidates to ensure that the coaching position can be replaced in time.

The club’s "secret list"

In the past few days in 2019, there were 13 head coaches in the top four football leagues in the UK, and on average, people were dismissed every six days. This number is still increasing …

But many times, fans often see the scene: the previous coach left with his front foot, and the new coach also made up the position at the same time.

The club has done a lot of work behind the scenes to accomplish such an efficient substitution.For example, a standing candidate list of successors.

When David Sharp was the president of Wigan Athletic Championship, he changed three coaches in three years, and he had a shortlist of six coaches he had been tracking.

"If a striker in the team scores a goal, you should be prepared for his transfer one day. This is the same as bringing in a head coach. I watch their games, observe their styles and analyze their contracts. Everything has been analyzed, so before you enter the interview stage, you can evaluate whether he is suitable for the team. "

Indeed, in the process of determining such a list, it is very important to confirm whether the coach is suitable for the team-if there is no winger in the team, it is best not to consider a coach who is obsessed with the 3-5-2 formation.

Nick Thompson, CEO of British Crown Hull City Club, believes that it is also very important to know the club’s own essential needs before selecting a coach.

"Are you looking for a coach who can integrate into the club’s existing ideas and styles, or are you looking for a coach who can formulate his own strategy? The answer to this question may lead you to find two completely different candidates. "

"We are now seeing more and more coaches play the role of’ firefighting’ and help the team avoid relegation within a few months, but such coaches may not be people who meet your long-term plans, such as helping to train young players."

Coach, we must balance many relationships.

There are many interview routines, and you have to rely on yourself.

In the process of job hunting, ordinary people may refer to some interview experience and points for attention, but in the interview process of football coaches, the routine is much more complicated.

At this stage, the club will receive many resumes, usually submitted by brokers. If the club says that they have received "50 or 60 job applications", it is probably true.

And different candidates, the interview process may be completely different, and job seekers must also prepare themselves.

After the club determines the final shortlist, there are usually three or four coaches for interviews, usually in the club, but not always.

David Sharp revealed the scene when interviewing coach Paul Cook. "When we were all on vacation, the negotiation began. He left his home in Portugal and went to Mallorca with his agent, and we talked for hours at the bar by the pool. "

Of course, in many cases, the coach’s interview is much more formal than this. It is a common procedure to bring a suit and materials and express your views and plans on the team in front of the club board.

A coach revealed his interview experience:

This interview is divided into four parts. First of all, he must describe to the potential new boss how he will run the transfer of the club.

Then he left the room and was told a scene-"We were 2-0 behind at home and the striker’s performance was disappointing", and then he came back to give a speech in front of the interview team.

That’s not all. Then another actor came into the room and played the role of a player’s parents. He was dissatisfied with his children’s lack of playing time, and the candidate hoped to convince him.

Finally, candidates have to plan and organize afternoon training classes …

Al-Daisy  once missed the opportunity to coach the English team because of PPT.

Fame is very important, and commuting should also be considered.

For the club, no matter what the form, the effect of the interview is very important to decide the final choice.

For example, when Belsa, head coach of Leeds United, was interviewed by the club, he said that he had watched every minute of the team’s game last season. His devotion and persistence in his work finally touched the club.

Leicester city coach Rogers wrote a file and a manual, which stated who he was, what he would do and how he would do it.

Al Daisy , on the other hand, revealed that he failed to succeed Eriksson as English coach in 2006 because the FA did not have PPT.

"I want to be a PPT that really makes people shine. Every detail is clear and nothing is lacking." Then he was told that there was no PPT equipment at the interview site, so he could only distribute the paper version of his presentation.

Of course, for most clubs, choosing a coach that they are already familiar with is undoubtedly more reassuring than accepting a "newcomer" who submitted his resume through his agent.

David Sharp even said, "If the boss chooses the next coach from an unsolicited resume, it shows that the boss is not prepared." This means that it takes a lot of effort to open their own career path for those rookie coaches who are not famous.

If there is a retired star in the coach candidate, it may be unconsciously favored by the club’s top management, even if sometimes this celebrity is not suitable as the coach of the team.

In many cases, like ordinary job seekers, the distance between salary and commuting is also one of the main points for coaches to consider when looking for a job.

For example, Johnson, who used to be a coach in Cardiff, lived in Derbyshire, so during that time he spent four lonely nights in the hotel and drove thousands of miles on the highway every year.

But for those famous coaches, it seems not difficult to go abroad to work for millions of euros a year, and it is also possible to move with their wives and children. But for those coaches in low-level leagues, these are very realistic problems.

Although the market layout of underbone is not extensive, it does have many advantages. Today, we are going to introduce this Haojue UH110S, which is not only less than 7,000 yuan, but also a fuel-efficient underbone with UH EFI engine and large shelves, which is very practical:

The price of Haojue UH110S starts from 6880 yuan, which is very close to that of Sundiro Honda Mighty 110T, and there is a certain competitive relationship between them. Haojue UH110S is mainly aimed at the demand of fuel saving and transportation, and it is economical and practical with large shelves.

From the appearance, the front design of Haojue UH110S is dynamic and smooth. Although it may not be so prominent compared with underbone at the same level, the lines are smooth, the texture is strong, and more is a sense of exquisiteness. Halogen headlights are powered by DC, with stable voltage and more durability.

Haojue UH110S has a size of 1910/710/1100mm and a wheelbase of 1230mm, and is equipped with a 3.9L fuel tank, which can meet daily needs. The instrument adopts digital blocking display, which is clear and intuitive and easier to use. In addition, the selected large shelf is designed by the original factory, which has strong integration and good vibration filtering effect.

There is also a 5L large storage box under the seat, where daily necessities can be placed. Cushion is thickened, shock-absorbing and non-slip, breathable and waterproof. In terms of braking, there are two versions of front disc, rear drum brake and front and rear drum brake to choose from, and the braking force is sufficient. The rear suspension supports five adjustable gears to adapt to different road conditions.

The biggest highlight of Haojue UH110S is its power system. Single-cylinder air-cooled engine, the actual displacement is 113.6ml, matching the UH EFI system, with high energy and low consumption, the maximum power is 6.5kw, and the maximum torque is 8.7N.m, which conforms to the national four standards. Generally speaking, as a self-owned brand, Haojue UH110S has excellent quality, proper details and good overall performance.

　　CCTV News: According to the WeChat WeChat official account news released by Hubei, this morning, Hubei Meteorological Bureau upgraded the four-level emergency response of major meteorological disasters (rainstorm) to three-level emergency response. This afternoon, many places in Hubei issued rainstorm lightning warning.

　　At 16: 00 today, the Hydrological Bureau of the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources continued to issue orange warnings for floods in Xiantao reach in the lower reaches of the Han River, yellow warnings for floods in other reaches below Xiangyang in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River, and blue warnings for floods in Baihe reach and Danjiangkou reservoir area in the upper reaches of the Han River.

　　Warning! There will be heavy rain in these places in Hubei.

　　According to @ Hubei Weather News, from today’s satellite cloud picture, we can see that the whole rainfall belt spans Sichuan, southwestern Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong, and Shiyan and Xiangyang in northwest Hubei are also on the edge of the rain belt. Today, there will be small to moderate rain and partial heavy rain. Other parts of Hubei Province are cloudy today, with some showers.

　　Hubei Provincial Department of Natural Resources issued geological disaster prevention and early warning

　　20: 00 on September 4, 2021 — At 20: 00 on September 5, it is estimated that Shiyan (Shiyan City, Yunxi, Yunyang and the northwest of Danjiangkou), Xiangyang (the southeast of Zaoyang), Suizhou (the northwest of Zengdu District and the south-central part of Suixian County) and other areas with heavy rainfall are at greater risk of collapse, landslide and debris flow. Relevant local governments and relevant departments are requested to take precautions against geological disasters.

　　Office of Hubei Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters: Patrol dikes and check risks to ensure safe flood season.

　　On the evening of September 3rd, it was learned from the office of Hubei Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters that it is expected that there will be obvious rainfall in the western part of our province from September 4th to 6th, including moderate to heavy rain and local heavy rain in Shiyan, Xiangyang, Shennongjia and Enshi. The water level of Danjiangkou Reservoir will rise further, and the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River will continue to exceed the warning water level or approach the guaranteed water level. Affected by the continuous rainfall in the upper and middle reaches of the Han River since late August, the current flood control situation in the Han River Basin is more severe.

　　From 16: 00 on September 2 to 16: 00 on September 3, cloudy weather dominated most of the province, with scattered showers in the southwest, southwest, southeast and east of Huanggang from afternoon to night, with short-term heavy precipitation and thunderstorms and strong winds in some areas. The water levels in Yichang-Lianhuatang section of the main stream in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River all decreased slightly, and the water levels in Luoshan-Jiujiang section all increased slightly, and the water levels at all stations were below the fortification. The water levels of Xiangyang, Yicheng and Huangzhuang in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River exceeded the fortification level, while those of Shayang, Xiantao and Hanchuan exceeded the warning level.

　　Hubei Provincial Defense Office requires that we should attach great importance to the flood situation and influence in the Hanjiang River basin, pay attention to the risk of secondary disasters caused by rainfall in western Hubei and the safety of lakes, reservoirs and ponds, strengthen the duty on duty, build a strong ideological defense line, and constantly patrol the dikes to check the dangers to ensure the safety of the flood season.

Recently, produced by iQiyi, Perfect World Film and Television, Beijing Radio and Television Film and Television, and Perfect Pengrui Film and Television jointly produced, the key project of Qiai Studio-the first domestic hard-core anti-espionage drama "Security Crisis" directed by the famous director Liu Jiang, with the strong support and guidance of the Ministry of National Security, has been officially completed after 193 days of intense shooting.

The play is starring Edward Zhang, Gao Yuanyuan, Cao Bingkun, Sunny, Cheng Taishen and Zhaoqi Shi, with Lin Yongjian playing a special role. Producer Gong Yu, co-producer Chi Yufeng, chief producer Wang Xiaohui, Zeng Yingxue and Yang Yufei, chief producer Dai Ying and Wang Tong, chief planner Yang Wenquan, chief producers Zhang Yan and Chen Yanhua, producers Liu Yamin, Luo Xi and Wang Tao, and executive producer Liang Daqian.

As can be seen from the compact and high-burning preview of the drama released on September 27th, the overall style is very hard-core. With the appearance of the main characters, all kinds of action scenes such as gun battles, car wars and blasting are shocking, which stimulates people’s sensory nerves. Yang Guang, a national security policeman played by Edward Zhang, has many plots of chasing the enemy and fighting in close quarters, and the real feeling of boxing to meat is very tense. The most surprising thing is that Gao Yuanyuan, the "goddess", also has action scenes in the picture. On weekdays, she is beautiful and elegant, showing such a cool side and full of freshness. Zhao Yazhu, who is played by her, is sometimes full of amorous feelings and sometimes heroic. This highly contrasting change also implies that her identity is complicated. Although the real film is not seen, the hot and cool scenes and the intricate relationship between the characters are enough to hang your appetite! Through the statistics in the preview, we also know that "Security Crisis" not only lasted for 193 days, but also consisted of 2,099 plays and 620T materials, and there were as many as 468 scenes, with 29 starring roles and 345 staff members, which shows that the workload is huge and the process is difficult. Now the play has been successfully completed, and all the creators have worked tirelessly to forge fine works.

Shooting in 193 days, unveiling the mystery of nuclear safety for the first time

In recent years, with the continuous enhancement of China’s comprehensive national strength and profound changes in the international strategic pattern, the conspiracies of western hegemonic countries to suppress and undermine China’s rise have become more rampant, and national security has been threatened, especially the national nuclear power technology, which represents high-end and top-secret technology, has encountered unprecedented impact. At present, China’s nuclear power is entering a new stage of large-scale accelerated development, so ensuring nuclear safety is an inevitable requirement for safeguarding national security.

In response to the new situation and new problems faced by China’s anti-espionage struggle, Security Crisis focuses on the technical security of national nuclear power, with the national security personnel as the main line to defend nuclear security and the struggle with foreign spy organizations as the main line to start the story. This is the first film and television work focusing on nuclear safety in China, which is closely related to the pulse of the times and has lofty ideas.

Faced with the proposition of this era, the whole group went all out. As early as before the start of the script, the creators did a lot of work. They almost searched the real spy materials and related historical materials at home and abroad aimed at China’s security in recent years, and combined with the personal experiences of many national security police officers on the hidden front, they chose from a large number of cases to create literature and art. In order to truly restore this secret battlefield, the crew specially selected Qingdao and Weihai to shoot, and rebuilt it on the abandoned office site of the National Security Bureau, restoring the original work of the national security personnel one by one, enhancing the actor’s sense of belief, and even pursuing the authenticity of the plot, the crew specially went to a nuclear power plant for filming, revealing the real appearance of the nuclear power plant for the audience for the first time. Really achieved the script is true to follow, the framing is strong, and it satisfies the audience’s multiple feelings of watching the drama at one time, such as curiosity, fresh vision and strong sense of substitution.

Director Liu Jiang opens up a new perspective and writes a new chapter of anti-espionage under the melody of the times.

"Security Crisis" is a major breakthrough in content, shouldering multiple missions such as popular science knowledge, realizing theme innovation, paying tribute to unsung heroes, and transmitting positive values. Such an arduous task is undertaken by Liu Jiang, the director of "Grand Slam" and his gold medal team. Director Liu Jiang is a household name. He has won the Best Director Award of Feitian, Golden Eagle, Magnolia, Chun Yan and other important awards for many times, and his works have won the Best TV Drama Award of Feitian, Golden Eagle, Magnolia and other national TV drama awards. It was undoubtedly a reassurance to the audience that he operated the knife himself.

Directing the contemporary national security theme for the first time, director Liu Jiang showed professional foresight, just as when filming Before Dawn, he abandoned the traditional spy war techniques, injected new styles and characters into his works, and opened up a new direction for the traditional spy war drama. In "Security Crisis", he has a broader vision, closely follows the current new international situation, tries to restore the "intelligence war" launched by various foreign forces against China in secret based on real cases, and boldly uses a number of foreign actors to shoot in a novel way of "using the original sound in situ" according to local conditions. In this way, the cases have their own characteristics, the characters have their own origins, the plot is true and credible, and the audience has a stronger sense of substitution and immersion.

Director Liu Jiang strives for perfection in all aspects: in terms of the authenticity of the content, the drama invites relevant consultants to check the whole process, and strives to make every case and every plot stand; In the plot setting, following the creative principle of "big things are not empty, small things are not limited", director Liu Jiang opened up the artistic creation space with fascinating stories, compact brain-burning plots and vivid characters under the rigid framework of the case. What is even more surprising is that the play will show a lot of spy means and techniques, which are unprecedented and worth looking forward to; In terms of shooting details, he is carefully polished and repeatedly scrutinized, even without time or cost. It is reported that in the process of shooting, he abandoned all the contents in front of the screen because of the addition of a computer. It can be seen that this detail control director can’t tolerate even a trace of flaws, and this pursuit and persistence in art is admirable.

Edward Zhang Gao Yuanyuan premiered Guoan drama, and the drama bones gathered on the same stage.

High-quality works can’t be separated from the blessing of excellent actors. The male and female protagonists of Security Crisis, Yang Guang and Zhao Yazhu, are led by powerful actors Edward Zhang and Gao Yuanyuan respectively. As first-line stars with high national standards, Edward Zhang and Gao Yuanyuan have created many classic characters on the screen, which are deeply loved by the audience. This is their first time to try the theme of national security, and the brand-new screen image will undoubtedly bring surprises to the audience.

In the play, Edward Zhang plays the role of Yang Guang, the deputy director of the Third Division of Guoan. From his role, we can see that he is a defender of national security, and his image is absolutely positive, which is very consistent with Edward Zhang’s calm and determined personality. In order to play this role well, Edward Zhang is very serious. Every scene and every line are carefully pondered, even regardless of input. In the director’s remake because of a computer, he is the happiest. Like the director, he is also "sand in his eyes", and quality is above everything else in their eyes.

"Security Crisis" is Gao Yuanyuan’s first spy image work, which is a brand-new challenge. Director Liu Jiang gave a very high evaluation of her performance in the play, calling it "brilliant". For this role, Gao Yuanyuan herself loved it very much. When she bid farewell to the role, she wrote a letter with sincere feelings between the lines. After reading it, the director could not help feeling that "she wrote more sincerely than the screenwriter." At this time, she seems to have integrated with the role.

The addition of powerful actors Cao Bingkun, Sunny, Cheng Taishen, Zhaoqi Shi and Lin Yongjian can be described as icing on the cake. They are all "old acquaintances" of the audience. They have excellent acting skills and have created many impressive roles on the screen. This time, the lineup of the acting school assembled "Security Crisis", which injected thickness into the plot performance and doubled the audience’s expectations.

In addition, the drama also assembled Hou Yansong, Shi Jingming, Zhong Wenguan, Yu Jiwei, Wu Yihan, Wu Jun, Jin Tiefeng, Fudiyoujie, Zhu Hongjia, Ju Jiang, Lv Xin, Sugiyama Youmei, Ke Guoqing, Wang Zhihua, Yang Qing, Wang Peilu, Xu Guangyu, Luo Guangxu, Yao Gang, Li Zongqi and Lin Aofei. It is worth mentioning that in order to ensure the authenticity of the plot, the drama invited many foreign actors to participate, which I believe will make the audience have a strong sense of substitution after broadcasting.

"Security Crisis" was born in response to the times, with lofty ideas, steady and steady script, authentic content, thrilling plot, unique production, novel and changeable style, and high-profile actors who gathered the gold medal production team, not only shouldered the corresponding social responsibilities, but also observed the audience’s appreciation and taste of the drama. It is definitely the most anticipated blockbuster next year. At present, "Security Crisis" has been finished, and it has entered the intense post-production in an all-round way. It is expected to meet the audience next year, so let us wait and see.

　　The reference news network reported on April 17 that the world newspaper syndicate website published an article entitled "Will China win the Middle East?" The article was written by Dzhumart Autol Bayev, former Prime Minister of the Kyrgyz Republic. The full text is as follows:

　　Just a few years ago, it was almost unthinkable for Saudi Arabia, a long-term strategic partner of the United States, to join an economic and security organization dominated by China and Russia. However, Saudi Arabia recently approved a memorandum granting it the status of "dialogue partner" of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization — — This is the first step to becoming a full member.

　　Founded in 2001, the SCO currently has eight member countries, namely China, India, Pakistan, Russia and four Central Asian countries — — Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Countries with observer or dialogue partner status include Egypt, Iran and Qatar.

　　Although the SCO is not a military alliance compared with NATO, it is not just an economic association. On the contrary, the SCO constitution stipulates that security cooperation is one of the important contents of the organization, and SCO members often hold joint anti-terrorism exercises.

　　Saudi Arabia’s accession to the SCO represents the victory of China, which has been seeking to improve its geopolitical influence and challenge the current US-led international order. The diplomatic component of this effort is crucial. For example, Saudi Arabia agreed to an agreement brokered by China to resume diplomatic relations with Iran less than three weeks before approving the memorandum of identity of the SCO as a "dialogue partner".

　　What makes this diplomatic achievement possible is China’s economic influence. Not coincidentally, at the end of March, the oil giant Saudi Aramco announced that it had acquired a 10% stake in China Rong Sheng Petrochemical Company, with a transaction amount of about $3.6 billion. Saudi Aramco now supplies China with more crude oil than the United States.

　　In addition to the SCO, Saudi Arabia has formally requested to join another organization dominated by China — — BRICS countries, members of this organization also include Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa.

　　Since China accounts for 72% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the BRICS countries, the organization — — Maybe in an expanded form — — It may be decided to start to settle trade payments in RMB. Even if this hasn’t happened, China may decide to settle the oil purchased from Saudi Arabia in RMB, just like Russia.

　　Given China’s share of global oil demand and global oil trade, other nearby oil-producing countries may be introduced into the same arrangement.

　　Indeed, China is unlikely to drive the United States out of the Middle East in a short time, especially because the United States remains the number one security partner of most Gulf countries. Saudi Arabia continues to host American military bases. Last month, the two countries completed their first joint anti-UAV exercise at a new military test center in Riyadh. Almost at the same time, two Saudi airlines announced plans to order 78 aircraft from American manufacturer Boeing, and may choose to buy another 43 aircraft.

　　Nevertheless, China’s growing footprint in the Middle East still makes the United States feel uneasy. Although American officials played down the impact of Saudi Arabia’s accession to the SCO, saying that it should have happened long ago, they expressed concern about the adoption of Huawei’s 5G technology in the Middle East and called on the United Arab Emirates to close what they thought was a security facility in China. In addition, the United States also warned that cooperation with China may affect the relations between countries and the United States.

　　In Saudi Arabia’s view, it is the United States that has been undermining bilateral relations. During the election campaign in 2020, US President Joe Biden threatened to make Saudi Arabia an "outcast of the international community" because of the killing of journalists.

　　Although Biden has softened his stance since then, some fundamental restrictions still exist.

　　Moreover, US Senators chris murphy and mike leigh recently put forward a "privileged resolution" asking the State Council to investigate Saudi Arabia’s domestic human rights practice and its involvement in the Yemeni conflict. The resolution stated that all security assistance to Saudi Arabia would be cut off unless a report was submitted within 30 days.

　　Therefore, Saudi Arabia’s turn to China also shows its dissatisfaction with American policy. This is not the first time that Saudis have used this method to bargain politically. China’s efforts to introduce Middle Eastern countries into the political and economic camps may have far-reaching strategic impact.

Special feature of 1905 film network "What is the biggest secret of China’s atomic bomb? It can be made. " "I believe that the plane is the same, whether it is an engine or a stealth fighter, it can be made."

In the movie, these words played by Zhang Ting and Lei Yu explain the firm and victorious belief that generations of China aviation people have made great powers.

The film portrays the heroic image of a new generation of China Air Force test pilots through starring YiBo, Hu Jun, etc. At the same time, it reveals the history behind the difficult birth of new fighters in China.

After the release of "King of the Sky", a bright report card was handed over: after four days of release, the cumulative box office broke 300 million, ranking as the May 1st box office champion so far. Taobao Film 9.7, Cat’s Eye 9.6, Douban 7.0, ranked first in May 1st, with popcorn index of 97% and IMDb8 score of 8, which was well received by the whole network at home and abroad.

Then, as a film, How was King of the Sky made? In 1905, the film network interviewed the director of "King of the Sky" and listened to him decrypt the behind-the-scenes story of the film from many angles.

It is both a film project and a scientific research project.

Director Liu Xiaoshi is an aviation fan. When he was studying in the director department of Beijing Film Academy, he made a documentary for the aviation industry group. After graduation, he also worked in the aviation industry for 15 years.

Liu Xiaoshi knows the story of the test pilot group and the flight test process very well. He participated in the riveting ceremony of the first screw produced by the J -20 and contacted the J -20 fighter many times. Li Gang, the chief test pilot of the J -20, is also his good friend.

"I am very touched by what happened to the test pilot. It is necessary to make a film about the test pilot to let more people know about such a group and how difficult it is to know the progress of aviation equipment in our country."

The first draft script of "The King of the Sky" was released in 2019. He and the screenwriter Guiguan spent more than three years repeatedly revising and polishing. "There are about forty scripts with numbers, and there are about one or two hundred scripts without numbers."

Liu Xiaoshi said that this script has a lot of rigorous aviation science logic, which needs to be repeatedly demonstrated with relevant engineers and scientists, and it is a very big challenge and topic to write the story satisfactorily and write the characters with flesh and blood.

Because of his work, he has photographed many planes and accumulated some failed experiences and lessons. Liu Xiaoshi didn’t want to make mistakes again in this film, so he spent nearly a year exploring the previous technology. "I very much hope that there will be a leap and improvement in shooting technology. For example, we used virtual shooting to control the linkage between the background image and the mechanical device by programming. "

The crew also prepared for the production one and a half years in advance. Every aerial scene will not only prepare one shooting plan. "It’s really like scientific research, there are several ABC plans. We did tests in Beijing, Fuzhou, Xiangshan and other places, and the plan was very rich and sufficient. "

In the view of director Liu Xiaoshi, the production of "The King of the Sky" is "both a film project and a scientific research project."

Aviation equipment is growing, and so are people.

"The King of the Sky" is not only a passionate Chinese air force blockbuster, but also a film about growth. "The film is about the growth of a generation of young test pilots and the progress of a generation of equipment. Equipment is growing and people are growing. "

Liu Xiaoshi said that Zhang Ting, the captain played by Hu Jun, was an example for the test flight team. "Zhang Ting voluntarily gave the chief to others, which was very touching to both Lei Yu and Deng Fang. What everyone thinks is very important, Zhang Ting doesn’t care at all, because he wants to inspire everyone to compete and improve their ability. Only through these experiences can Lei Yu and others really grow up.

Including the sacrifice of Zhang Dadui. He told Lei Yu who would jump first, but Zhang lied to him. Because someone must fly the plane out of the city and land in no man’s land, in order to skydive completely. This is all an inner influence on a person, which enables Lei Yu to grow up. "

In the film, Lei Yu and Deng Fang changed from competitors who looked down on each other to working together to accomplish difficult tasks, and became real comrades-in-arms. The formation of this friendship is also very moving in Liu Xiaoshi’s view.

Repeated trials and transformations have given Lei Yu a complete growth line. Among them, when he made a mistake, he was sent to pack an umbrella, which is rare in similar air force movies, which stems from the advice provided by the air force leaders. Before shooting, Liu Xiaoshi led the creative team to visit the umbrella bag room, and saw that the umbrella bag man, like a skilled craftsman, carefully filled a messy rope into the umbrella tube, which inspired him.

"Once there is a small negligence in the process of umbrella packing, it may have a particularly great impact on the landing and safety of the aircraft. At that time, we felt that this was very important for the growth of the characters, so we wrote it in the story. " The process of learning to wrap an umbrella made Lei Yu understand his mission better, and inspired him to design ideas to alleviate the problem of airplane spin.

As a new actor, Lei Yu played by YiBo brought many surprises to Director Liu Xiaoshi. "Now Lei Yu, YiBo is very suitable, he should play such a person. Yibo is a very polite and thoughtful person, and so is Lei Yu. "

"He is a very sensitive actor and enters the situation quickly. When he played many plays for the first time, I was quite surprised. Many details were entirely his own play. " For example, in the first scene of filming, Lei Yu fell into the sheepfold. "After he pulled out from under the umbrella, he looked at the sky. At this look, I think he can do it, completely putting himself into the situation after a pilot fell into the sheepfold. "

"In the more than 100 days we filmed, he was never late once, and he was very dedicated every day. No matter whether it was dangerous or suffering, he did not give a discount to carry out it." Liu Xiaoshi recalled.

Write the story of Chinese and don’t blindly imitate western movies.

The test pilot is a dancer on the tip of a knife and a warrior in the blue sky. Only when they break through the limits again and again can they try out the limits of new planes and explore new fighters that roar in the sky.

"The biggest difference between a test pilot and a front-line combatant is that one has to beat himself and the other has to beat his opponent. The target of frontline combatants is the enemy. The test pilots should improve their flying ability and aviation theory knowledge, and overcome their fears. " There is a line in the movie that says, "The new generation of test pilots are designers and engineers who can fly." They should know not only actual combat and theory, but also design technology.

Liu Xiaoshi believes that only by approaching the current test pilot group, feeling, seeing and observing can we write their stories well. "Be sure to write Chinese’s own story, we can’t blindly imitate western movies. They ride motorcycles, and we also ride motorcycles in movies, but China soldiers don’t; They go to the bar, so do we. Our troops are not like this. "

The film has a hopeful ending. Instead of captain Zhang Ting, Lei Yu flew by on the football field, realizing Zhang Ting’s son’s wish. The growth story of Lei Yu and the younger generation and their dream of flying are still going on. Liu Xiaoshi revealed that "The King of the Sky" does not rule out the plan of making a sequel.

He hopes that the audience can understand the spiritual outlook of contemporary young test pilots and soldiers through King of the Sky, so that more and more people can understand the difficulties behind the development of China’s aviation industry and inspire the next generation to embrace the beautiful ideal of loving flying.

　　Chinanews. com, March 1 ST, the long-distance passenger transport in real-name registration system, the information of imported cosmetics can be traced back to the whole process, the time limit for postal delivery has been greatly shortened, and the people’s court trial must be recorded and videotaped … … Since March, the Regulations on the Administration of Road Passenger Transport and Passenger Stations, the Universal Postal Service Standard, the Film Industry Promotion Law and other laws and regulations have been officially implemented, which have affected our lives in many ways.

　　The revised "Regulations on the Management of Road Passenger Transport and Passenger Stations" by the Ministry of Transport has been implemented since March 1. The new regulations point out that real-name ticket sales and real-name inspection of passenger tickets will be fully implemented for inter-provincial and inter-city passenger lines. The long-distance bus ticket will be printed with the identity information of the passengers. If passengers lose their tickets, they can apply for and reissue them free of charge after verifying their identity information.

　　According to the new regulations, passengers who purchase tickets online through online travel agencies must also provide accurate and valid certificate information, and they must also carry this valid certificate when they go to the station to collect tickets; When purchasing tickets on behalf of others, the purchaser must show the valid certificates of the purchaser and the passenger at the same time; Those who bring children free of charge should apply for real-name registration system tickets free of charge with their valid identity documents.

　　Seven kinds of goods purchased online are not applicable for seven days without reason to return.

　　The Interim Measures for the Seven-Day Unreasonable Return of Goods Purchased on the Internet, which will be implemented on 15th of this month, clarifies that seven types of goods are not applicable to the seven-day unreasonable return:

　　Goods ordered by consumers; Fresh and perishable goods; Digital commodities such as audio-visual products and computer software downloaded online or unpacked by consumers; Newspapers and periodicals delivered; Commodities that are easy to affect personal safety or life and health after unpacking, or commodities that are easy to change the quality of commodities after unpacking; Once activated or tried, the value of the goods is derogatory; Goods near the expiration date and defective goods that have been clearly stated at the time of sale.

　　The "Measures" stipulate that when consumers return goods, they should return the accessories and gifts together, and the freight generated by the return shall be borne by the consumers according to law. Unless otherwise agreed between the operator and the consumer, the agreement shall prevail. The measures also made clear punishment rules for online commodity sellers who violated regulations.

　　Imported cosmetics can be traced back to the whole process of information

　　The Provisions on the Administration of Filing, Import Records and Sales Records of Domestic Consignees of Imported Cosmetics issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine came into effect on March 1st. This regulation details the filing, import records and sales records of domestic consignees of imported cosmetics. Tracing the information of imported cosmetics in the whole process can ensure that the defective products can be recalled quickly when quality and safety problems occur, and ensure the safety of consumption.

　　New postal service standard: the delivery time limit is greatly shortened

　　The newly revised "Universal Postal Service" standard came into effect on March 1st. The requirements of the new standard for the whole time limit of mail are obviously improved. The longest time for letters is 7 or 8 days, and ordinary parcels can be received in 8 or 9 days.

　　The new standard stipulates that each county-level administrative region should have at least one postal business place that provides international, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan mail services, and each township and town should have at least one postal business place that provides parcel collection services.

　　In terms of protecting users’ rights and interests, the new standard has increased the business hours to be publicized, the mail time limit, and refined the provisions on users’ complaints. The time limit for responding to users’ complaints has been reduced from 30 working days stipulated in the current standard to 15 days.

　　The trial of the people’s court shall be recorded and videotaped throughout.

　　"Several Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on the Audio and Video Recording of People’s Courts" will come into force on March 1st. The "Regulations" clarify that when a people’s court hears a case, it shall record and video the whole trial. Without the permission of the people’s court, no one may record or videotape the trial activities, and may not record, copy, delete or transfer the audio and video recordings of the trial.

　　The "Regulations" point out that the people’s court should take overlapping synchronous recording time or other measures to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the audio and video recordings of the trial. The "Regulations" emphasize that the recording of court trial activities involving state secrets, commercial secrets, personal privacy, and the storage, inspection, copying, and transcription of court trial audio and video should comply with relevant regulations such as confidentiality management.

　　The names of public figures in political and cultural fields shall not be used as trademarks.

　　The Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Administrative Cases of Trademark Authorization and Confirmation, which came into effect on March 1, clearly states that the application for registration of the names of public figures in the fields of politics, economy, culture, religion and nationality as trademarks belongs to "other adverse effects" as stipulated in Item (8) of Article 10 of the Trademark Law. Therefore, according to the Trademark Law, the names of the above public figures shall not be used as trademarks.

　　Film practitioners should abide by professional ethics in virtue and artistry.

　　The Film Industry Promotion Law came into effect on March 1st. For the first time, the law clearly requires filmmakers: actors, directors and other film practitioners should adhere to the dual virtues of morality and art, abide by laws and regulations, respect social morality, abide by professional ethics, strengthen self-discipline and establish a good social image.

　　The law makes it clear that film distribution enterprises and cinemas should truthfully count the film sales revenue and provide true and accurate statistical data, and must not take improper means such as making false transactions, making false reports or concealing sales revenue to deceive or mislead the audience and disrupt the film market order. At the same time, the law stipulates corresponding penalties.

　　The Film Industry Promotion Law not only decentralizes the examination and approval authority, but also standardizes the procedures for the formulation and disclosure of film censorship standards, and sets up provisions for retrial in case of disputes.

　　The government should provide corresponding public cultural services according to the characteristics of the group.

　　People’s Republic of China (PRC) Public Cultural Service Guarantee Law will come into force on March 1, 2017. The law stipulates that no unit or individual may occupy the land for the construction of public cultural facilities or change its use without authorization. If it is necessary to adjust the construction land for public cultural facilities due to special circumstances, the construction land shall be re-determined.

　　The law clearly stipulates that no unit or individual may dismantle public cultural facilities without authorization, change their functions and uses without authorization or hinder their normal operation, occupy or misappropriate public cultural facilities, or use public cultural facilities for business activities unrelated to public cultural services.

　　According to this law, people’s governments at all levels should provide corresponding public cultural services according to the characteristics and needs of minors, the elderly, the disabled and the floating population.

● 　Key points of investment

China highway logistics industry: the economic artery in urgent need of resource integration. China highway logistics freight volume accounts for 80% of the total freight volume, which is the main artery of China economy. However, the efficiency of the industry is not high. China’s trucks have an average effective mileage of 300 kilometers per day, while the United States can reach 1000 kilometers. There are more than 20 million trucks in China, and the empty rate is as high as 40% or more. The average interval between vehicle parking and distribution is about 72 hours. There are more than 7.5 million highway logistics enterprises in China, and each household only has 1.5 trucks, and more than 90% of them are in the hands of individual drivers. The crux of the current resource mismatch lies in the asymmetry of freight logistics information.

China Car-Goods Matching Market: Two Operating Models Coexist. Information asymmetry has given birth to the demand for matching between cars and goods. In the past, the traditional vehicle-cargo matching platform was mainly offline entities, including distribution stations, highway ports and logistics parks. At present, with the intervention of Internet, a virtual vehicle-cargo matching platform has been formed. By using the Internet, offline vehicle sources and goods sources are integrated through the development of logistics APP, WEB or other systems, and information is released online through APP, web or other systems and accurately matched, hoping to solve the asymmetry of logistics information.

Enlightenment from the development of American freight logistics industry. Truck transportation in the United States is extremely developed and is the main mode of transportation in the United States. Among them, truck transportation market scale exceeded US$ 600 billion, accounting for about 80% of the total. Developed infrastructure and high degree of intensification are the two main reasons for its high efficiency. The revelation of Robinson’s case is that the ability to integrate information and resources is the core. It does not own a truck, but it is the first truck transportation company in the United States, which basically monopolizes most of the road transportation resources in the United States and ranks seventh in global freight transportation.

Future Outlook: The Ultimate Version of Car-Goods Matching? Highway ports are built to eliminate them. In the past year, more than 200 car and cargo matching apps have been produced, but there have been few successes. There are three bottlenecks: 1. It is difficult to standardize supply and demand information; 2. Lack of integrity certification system; 3. Vehicles tend to have a stable supply of goods, and shippers prefer a stable transportation capacity, which makes it difficult for existing software to get involved in the mainstream market. We believe that the highway logistics industry will have offline matching platforms such as distribution stations, highways and logistics parks for a long time, and they have the strongest ability to gather traffic and people in scattered industries. They have the strongest resources and ability to integrate and innovate, and the ultimate mode of their development is to eliminate intermediary matchmakers.

Investment strategy. We suggest paying attention to the distribution and integration of logistics park resources in the country to form the Chuanhua shares of highway port network. For details of Chuanhua shares, please refer to our in-depth report "Chuanhua Logistics-China Highway Integrators Reloaded into Battle" on July 3 this year.

Risk warning. The economic downturn has led to a decline in freight demand; The offline matching platform is invested too much; The promotion of value-added services failed to meet expectations.

● 　The following is the text of the report.

catalogue

1. China highway logistics industry: the economic artery in urgent need of resource integration …-3-

1.1. Current situation of highway logistics industry: Highway is the main form of goods flow, but its efficiency is low …-3-

1.2. Information asymmetry is the crux, and there is a huge demand for matching cars and goods …-4-

Second, the matching market of vehicles and goods in China: two major operating modes coexist …-5-

2.1. Two camps gave birth to two business models …-5-

2.2. Comparison of Typical Case Studies …-5-

Iii. International Experience: Enlightenment from the Development of Freight Logistics in the United States …-11-

3.1. Overview of American road freight industry: Truck transportation is the main mode of transportation …-11-

3.2, no car is better than a car, the inspiration of Robinson’s case: the ability to integrate information and resources is the core …

Fourth, the future outlook: the ultimate version of car and cargo matching? … – 15 –

4.1 What are the pain points of car-cargo matching? … – 15 –

4.2 What mode does road freight need? … – 16 –

4.3 Investment strategy …-16-

Risk warning …-17-

1、China highway logistics industry: the economic artery in urgent need of resource integration

Modern logistics industry is the basic industry and producer service industry of national economic development, which is connected with production and consumption at one end. Since 2007, the scale of domestic social logistics market has shown a steady linear growth. In 2013, the total logistics cost was 10 trillion, and in 2014 it exceeded 11 trillion. At present, the proportion of China’s logistics cost to price cost and GDP is much higher than that of developed countries. In 2013, the ratio of China’s total social logistics cost to GDP was 18%, which dropped to 16.6% in 2014, while it was only about 8% in western countries. The overall capacity of China’s logistics industry is obviously insufficient.

1.1. Current situation of highway logistics industry: Highway is the main form of goods flow, but its efficiency is low.

At present, the freight volume of highway logistics in China accounts for 80% of the total freight volume. Therefore, the reason why the overall logistics capacity of China is weak is the low efficiency of highway logistics capacity. At present, China’s trucks have an average effective mileage of 300 kilometers per day, while the United States can reach 1000 kilometers. There are more than 20 million trucks in China, and the empty rate is as high as 40% or more. The average interval between vehicle parking and distribution is about 72 hours. Among them, a lot of time is wasted on waiting for goods and distributing goods, which causes great waste of resources and inefficient tail gas emission, which intensifies air pollution; At the same time, it also increases the management pressure of expressways and urban roads.

1.2. Information asymmetry is the crux of the problem, and the demand for vehicle and cargo matching is huge.

Due to the small scale and large number of road freight operators, according to statistics, there are more than 7.5 million road logistics enterprises in China, and each household only has 1.5 trucks on average; However, its operation is basically in a state of "straggle", and the level of industry organization is very low. More than 90% of the transportation capacity is in the hands of individual drivers, and the industry concentration is only about 1.2%. We believe that the crux of the current situation of resource mismatch and inefficiency lies in the asymmetry of freight logistics information.

In the current freight logistics service chain, the individual car owners are at the end. Due to the low participation threshold of employees, oversupply and low organizational level, the game of these individual vehicles in freight transactions is very passive. Unless there are some structural reasons such as special time periods, special routes or special vehicle needs, the source and pricing power of most individual vehicles are often in the hands of shippers. In view of this, the vehicle-cargo matching market came into being. Under the current transportation market pattern of "more vehicles and less goods", its value lies in optimizing the resource allocation of goods and drivers in the downstream of the supply chain by virtue of the platform’s information integration ability, providing transportation capacity to shippers, providing goods to car owners and ensuring a certain freight rate, reducing the empty rate of vehicles, improving the efficiency of drivers in finding goods, and further reducing transportation costs. The high idle driving cost of truck drivers also makes the driver have a strong demand for the vehicle-cargo matching platform.

Schematic diagram of road freight service chain in China

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

2. China’s car and goods matching market: two major operating modes coexist.

In fact, the vehicle-cargo matching platform is de-intermediated through the online platform. Internet technology and information technology are used to improve the information retrieval ability and matching efficiency, reduce drivers’ waiting time and empty driving distance, de-intermediate and improve the full load rate. Vehicle-cargo matching platform mainly uses the advantages of "internet plus", integrates off-line vehicle sources and goods sources through the development of logistics APP, WEB or other systems, and publishes information online through APP, web or other systems and accurately matches it, thus solving the asymmetry of logistics information.

2.1, two camps gave birth to two business models.

At present, there are two main models for the online and offline differentiation of the car and goods matching market:

Offline+Online mode: Offline is laid out nationwide, service nodes are established, local transportation resources are integrated, and a controllable transportation resource network is established to form a "transportation pool", on the basis of which vehicle and cargo matching services are provided online. The core of this mode is to integrate the vehicle and cargo resources, ensure the truthfulness, effectiveness and uniform service rules of the vehicle source information on the vehicle and cargo matching platform, and carry out vehicle and cargo matching on this basis.

Representatives: Chuanhua Logistics, Ka Xing Tian Xia, Anneng Logistics, Robinson Logistics of the United States.

Pure platform mode: The earliest pure platform mode was a short and simple freight information publishing website (such as Jincheng Logistics Network and National Logistics Information Network), and then it developed into an information transmission, matching and trading platform with software as the core, connecting the online and offline, connecting the consignor and the transportation capacity, and becoming a car-free carrier.

Representatives: oTMS, Driver’s Station, Yunmanman, Luoji Logistics.

2.2. Comparison of typical case studies

Chuanhua Logistics: Online Platform+Offline Highway Port Mode

Chuanhua Logistics is actually a form of the fourth party logistics (4PL), which belongs to the online platform+offline highway port mode from the online and offline classification. Chuanhua Logistics entered the logistics industry in an all-round way from the modern logistics base in 2002, innovatively developed the "highway port" logistics platform, and established the closed-loop logistics ecology of O2O. In fact, the mode of uploading logistics is the fourth-party logistics mode, which realizes the integration of capital flow, information flow and logistics through the combination of online and offline. Offline, Chuanhua Logistics has established a national "highway port" logistics model, forming a national highway port network with 100 outlets in four major hubs. At present, it has occupied the card position advantage in key transportation hubs, and has rapidly expanded through the self-built and extended model. Online, Chuanhua has developed an Internet logistics platform with "Easy Distribution", "Barter Di" and "Yunbao Net" as its core. Through Chuanhua logistics portal+mobile phone distribution APP+ O2O truck calling platform in the same city, the freight problem between highway trunk lines and the city in the last mile has been solved. At present, Chuanhua Logistics has a revenue of over 10 billion yuan and is an invisible giant of China highway logistics.

Schematic diagram of online platform+offline highway port mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, Chuanhua Logistics has formed two major business segments: highway port investment operation and supporting services and O2O logistics network platform services. In the future, when the platform of Chuanhua Logistics grows to a certain scale (the main indicators are the number of active members and the total transaction amount), more profit models will be generated. Generally speaking, the main profit sources of Chuanhua Logistics in the future can be divided into: infrastructure rental income of highway ports, commission income of various logistics transactions, membership service income and financial services based on traffic and big data. Among them, the aforementioned fourth income will constitute the main profit model under the future logistics big data economy, such as personalized insurance group purchase income based on driver membership and behavior data, and logistics scale intensive income based on the whole network supply transaction.

Schematic diagram of profit model of Chuanhua Logistics

Source: official website, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Card line in the world: online portal+offline joining mode

The operation mode of Card Bank is divided into two parts: offline transportation network and online portal network construction. Offline, by first establishing a regional center for goods collection and distribution, and at the same time, through the network radiation ability of this center, we will establish franchise outlets outside the park by joining to attract high-quality special line members, and finally build a nationwide logistics and transportation network. On the online side, through the construction of the portal website, we can provide a unified information system for the franchised enterprises, realize the tracking statistics, assessment and evaluation of the franchised enterprises, make the whole process of transportation services visible online, make the service settlement completed by platform members more convenient, improve the customer experience of delivery, and make the whole logistics chain run in a standardized way.

In terms of profit model, the Bank of China makes profits by charging initial fees, management fees and providing value-added services. The card bank charges a certain joining fee to the joining members. After the members join the card bank, the card bank charges management fees and system usage fees for 1% of the new business volume of the members. The profit of value-added services in the supply chain is mainly the insurance of centralized procurement and the financial services provided, including the cost of intensive distribution operation of the park platform.

Schematic diagram of online portal+offline joining mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Anneng Logistics: Online Portal+Main Line Self-operated+Joining Mode

The mode adopted by Anneng Logistics is the mode of self-operated trunk line and regional joining: the national distribution and trunk feeder buses are directly invested by the headquarters to ensure the operational stability and sustainability of the whole system to the greatest extent. By establishing the franchise mode of terminal outlets through online portal, franchisees can apply for joining on the website, thus avoiding the investment in building national outlets, concentrating on customer service in their own regions, and minimizing the risk of individual LTL express joining entrepreneurs. At the same time, customers can directly order delivery, waybill inquiry, order inquiry, order management and other services through the portal.

Schematic diagram of online portal+offline self-operation+joining mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, Anneng Logistics has established more than 130 distribution centers nationwide, with 8,000 staff and 5,000 outlets, serving 31 provinces and cities nationwide, planning more than 2,000 transportation routes and controlling more than 4,000 box trucks. It is estimated that by the end of 2015, Anneng Logistics will have more than 10,000 nationwide network points and 157 distribution centers, achieving the annual target turnover of 2.4 billion yuan and becoming the largest LTL logistics enterprise in China.

In terms of profit model, Anneng Logistics makes profits by collecting venue rent, joining fees and providing value-added services. On the one hand, by constantly eliminating unqualified networks and attracting new franchise outlets, and maintaining the gradual improvement of the quality and quantity of outlets, Anneng can provide brand support and certain source information for franchisees, and make a profit by charging franchisees a certain franchise fee. On the other hand, as the core product of Anneng Logistics, "Timing Arrival" provides customers with "safe, punctual, service and economical" road transportation services, with the service quality comparable to that of aviation and express delivery, and the price is only one third; At the same time, Anneng provides customers with services such as to pay the freight, receipt recovery, quotation claim settlement, etc., and makes profits by charging a certain value-added service fee.

OTMS: Community Platform Model

OTMS is a community-based transportation management system, which seamlessly connects the owner, the third-party logistics company, the transportation company, the driver and the final consignee from the top of the transportation chain, pays attention to the whole chain of transportation management, and forms a balanced and win-win online ecosystem based on the core process, which is equivalent to an online mirror image of its offline actual operation network. This online ecosystem will be an open community based on the credit system (real data). All community members can better manage their existing businesses and have the opportunity to find better resources or more new businesses. OTMS will not be involved in the actual operation, such as being a fourth party logistics company (4PL), and oTMS is just a community platform based on core software.

At present, there are 130 consignors in oTMS, and the consignors connect drivers through "Where are you" and "Kaka". Logistics companies use oTMS products to manage transportation orders, and the monthly orders are about one million.

Schematic diagram of community platform mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, oTMS has a Saas service platform with the main version of goods, a Saas service platform with the carrier version, an APP "Kaka" used by truck drivers, and an APP "Where is it" for the consignee to monitor logistics information. The transparent information management platform of the whole process formed by the combination of PC-side service platform and mobile APP brings all relevant parties, including consignors, logistics companies, transport carriers, drivers and consignees, into a business network, realizing the unification of tools.

In terms of profit model, oTMS currently focuses on selling Saas service systems and system maintenance services, and will get involved in the logistics finance industry in the future. In the B2B logistics and transportation industry, China still has a lot of room for growth, and B2B logistics and transportation also involves the cash flow of delivery enterprises, receiving enterprises and logistics companies. The accounting period of transportation companies is about 60 days to 120 days. How to participate in it and integrate this cash flow with financial institutions is the focus of oTMS’s future development.

Yun Man Man: Mobile phone logistics information matching platform model

Yun Man Man is a mobile phone online logistics information matching platform based on mobile Internet technology, which is dedicated to providing efficient vehicle management and distribution tools for road transport logistics industry, and providing comprehensive information and transaction services for vehicle finding (distribution) and vehicle finding (consignment). Its service targets cover all types of goods and vehicles, meet the needs of logistics companies, information departments and small and medium-sized enterprises for long-distance road vehicle transportation, and at the same time improve the distribution efficiency of car owners and reduce the empty return rate; Improve the efficiency of cargo owners in finding cars and improve the operational efficiency of the overall logistics industry.

At present, Yunmanman has branches and offices in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, Henan, Shandong, Fujian and other provinces, and plans to open more information on vehicle sources and goods sources and lay out the national road transport information network, so as to promote the road transport industry in China to enter an era of mobile Internet with high efficiency and low altitude.

Schematic diagram of mobile phone logistics information matching platform mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Through the "Yun Man Man" mobile APP, the owner can publish the information of goods supply and price comparison, and at the same time, he can also find the source of the car himself. With the permission of the driver, the driver can be located and managed to quickly understand the supply dynamics. The owner can search for the source of goods independently, compare the sources of goods, and contact the owner directly by telephone after finding satisfactory information. Car owners can also take the initiative to release empty car information and wait for the owner to come to the door. And logistics companies can also publish the information of goods supply and their own logistics lines, find the goods supply while knowing the freight price of vehicles in time, and further expand the online goods collection business.

At present, Yunman is not profitable. After building the whole ecosystem and attracting enough user traffic, Yunman can collect enough information, establish a credit system through big data, further improve payment and financial value-added services, and make profits through capital precipitation and value-added services.

Luoji Logistics: Online Logistics Information Matching Platform Model

The Luoji logistics platform is similar to the mode of "Yun Man Man", and it is also an online logistics information matching platform. It uses data mining technology, search matching technology and mobile Internet of Things technology to provide drivers and shippers with free information on the source of goods and vehicles, and carries out multi-dimensional matching between goods and car owners, in addition to distance matching based on geographical location, there are also multi-dimensional matching such as route, time and load capacity. Luoji logistics platform realizes de-intermediation through the mobile Internet, which reduces logistics costs, the empty rate of trucks and improves the overall logistics efficiency. With the more registered users of platform owners and cargo owners, the success rate of vehicle-cargo matching will be higher and higher. By the end of 2015, the number of users on the Luoji platform will reach 4 million, including 3 million drivers and 1 million shippers.

Luoji logistics platform can solve the two problems of truck drivers and suppliers: first, quickly and effectively integrate the supply and capacity, and reduce the owner’s empty driving rate; The second is to make the freight market more orderly and smarter. At present, Luoji Logistics APP is divided into four versions: Luoji Looking for Goods (Driver Edition), Luoji Looking for Cars (Shipper Edition) and Luoji City (Delivery/Driver End).

Schematic diagram of Logitech logistics information matching platform model

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Logitech has launched two different softwares for shippers and car owners, "Logitech Find Cars" and "Logitech Find Goods". The truck driver opens the "Luo Ji Looking for Goods" and clicks the "List of Goods" to see the geographical location, goods type, weight, delivery time and vehicle demand of the goods, and the owner will dock the consignor as required. The barter between Luoji City and Chuanhua Logistics is similar, which mainly solves the transportation demand of the last kilometer and the first kilometer in the same city.

Similar to Yun Man Man, Logitech is not profitable at present, and its main task is to promote users. After the platform is formed, it collects huge data to realize its traffic value. For example, there can be derivative insurance services, refueling services, auto repair services, etc. on the platform, which are all potential value-added spaces. On the other hand, Luoji will consider further extending its business to the financial leasing of vehicles and supply chain finance of logistics companies.

3. International experience: Enlightenment from the development of American freight logistics industry.

3.1. Overview of American road freight industry: Truck transportation is the main mode of transportation.

Truck transportation in the United States is extremely developed and is the main mode of transportation in the United States. In 2011, transportation market scale in the United States was about 770 billion US dollars, of which truck transportation market scale exceeded 600 billion US dollars, accounting for about 80%. The volume of transportation and the value of goods delivered account for 70% of the total. The turnover of goods is second only to railway transportation, with an average annual growth rate of 2.5%, which is much higher than the overall growth rate of 0.8%, making it the fastest-growing sector.

The trucking market accounts for about 80% of transportation market scale.

Source: DOT, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, there are nearly 100,000 transportation enterprises in the United States with more than 1.3 million employees, of which more than 90% have fewer than 20 employees, and there are only more than 600 transportation enterprises with a scale of more than 500 employees, accounting for less than 1%. The fleet size is generally small, and more than 50% of the transportation enterprises are Owner-Operator, that is, there is only one truck, and only 6.3% of the enterprises have more than 100 trucks. This is similar to the main business situation of China freight market at present.

Number of employees in American transportation enterprises

Fleet size of American transportation enterprises

Source: US Department of Commerce (DOC), Industrial Securities Research Institute.

American trucking carriers are divided into non-public carriers and public carriers. Non-public carrier (In-Housefleet) means that production and retail enterprises own transport vehicles and operate them to meet their own transport needs, and generally do not provide transport services to the outside world. PublicCarriers are engaged in commercial transportation, and for the purpose of making profits, they are entrusted by the owner to provide transportation services and get paid.

American trucking market participants

Source: Industrial Securities Research Institute

According to the mode of transportation, public carriers can be divided into vehicle transport enterprises, LTL transport enterprises and road freight forwarders. The first two are truck companies based on heavy asset fleets, represented by YRCW and FedexFreight; The other is the road freight forwarder represented by Robinson Global Logistics. Many individual carriers provide transportation services for customers through the sales end of road freight forwarders or by joining large truck companies.

It can be seen that the developed infrastructure and high degree of intensification are the two major reasons for the high efficiency of highway logistics in the United States.

3.2, no car is better than a car, the inspiration of Robinson case: the ability to integrate information and resources is the core.

Robinson Logistics, founded in 1905, is the largest fourth party logistics company in the United States. The company is the representative of American car-free carriers. It doesn’t own trucks, but serves large shippers through the integration of many small and medium-sized fleets. Relying on value-oriented value-added services, exquisite business operations and advanced information systems, it has integrated 63,000 carriers and 46,000 shippers. In 2014, its operating income reached 13.471 billion US dollars, of which 80% came from road freight. At present, Robinson Logistics has become the first truck transportation company in the United States, basically monopolizing most of the road transportation resources in the United States, ranking seventh in global freight transportation; There are more than 218 branches in the world, of which the United States accounts for 158.

Robinson car-free transport mode

Source: Industrial Securities Research Institute

Robinson takes a completely light asset route. Instead of investing money in buying trucks and building logistics real estate, Robinson invests capital in the field of information technology, establishes TMS and Navisphere information platforms, and controls the transportation capacity through the information platform and remotely signs a cooperative enterprise logistics warehouse. By setting up technology-led outlets and branches offline, the online information platform will be connected with the needs and information of customers in offline areas. As a light asset enterprise, its human expenditure has also been greatly reduced. In 2014, Robinson only had 11,000 employees. Debon Logistics in China has more than 30,000 employees.

Robinson’s light asset operation mode and mature management mode make it have strong growth. Since the company went public in 1997, the average annual growth rate of main business income is 12.6%, while the average annual growth rate of net profit reaches 17.8%. In most years, the company’s net profit growth rate is higher than the income growth rate, and the company’s performance has the potential for sustained growth. Therefore, the development of the company does not need to be based on asset expansion, but by integrating local transportation resources, exporting technology and management, and opening up new customer markets, it will bring profits and long-term growth to the company.

The compound growth rate of the company’s net profit is higher than the income growth rate.

Source: Bloomberg, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

As the world’s largest fourth-party logistics company, Robinson’s revenue mainly comes from providing transportation and logistics services to suppliers, consulting services and payment services to customers. Robinson builds his value-added service system, such as supply chain analysis, transportation optimization, carrier management, big data services and business intelligence, and meets the needs of shippers and carriers through these high value-added solutions. Robinson does not charge the franchisees on the platform the joining fee, but charges the corresponding service fee through the solutions for different customers.

4. Future Outlook: The Ultimate Version of Car-Goods Matching?

4.1 What are the pain points of car-cargo matching?

The large-scale success of taxi-hailing software has made various funds intensively lay out the platform for car-cargo matching in the logistics industry, hoping to create a "drip taxi version of freight". According to incomplete statistics, more than 200 car-cargo matching APP taxi-hailing applications have been produced in one year, but there are few successful cases. Most car-cargo matching software has been criticized for relying on subsidies, untrue freight information and complicated transaction processes. Judging from the current situation, the reasons for the slow development of vehicle-cargo matching software are as follows:

1. Supply and demand information is difficult to standardize.

The information of the supply and demand sides in the taxi industry is very standard: cars are all cars with similar shapes, and the demand is the displacement of people, so it is very easy for the supply and demand sides to meet each other through the Internet.

However, when it comes to freight, the situation is much more complicated. Cars are different in length, load and power, and goods are also different in size and physical and chemical properties, which makes online matching much more complicated. Even if the information can be roughly matched, some personalized needs must be met and discussed (an interesting case: a consignor has a batch of fresh fruits to be transported, and a truck with the required load and size is found through the car-goods matching app, so that the driver can drive the car to the designated place. As a result, the consignor immediately cancels the intention because the truck has just been transported. Therefore, we see that many apps now only stay in the step of publishing information, and it is difficult to reach a trading intention without meeting.

2. Lack of integrity certification system

Road freight is a mixed market, and the general quality of employees is not high. It is difficult for many vehicle-cargo matching platforms to grasp the capital flow of freight transactions, because the proportion of logistics freight to the value of goods is still relatively low, and people are more accustomed to the traditional mode of paying with one hand and delivering with one hand.

3. Vehicles tend to have a stable supply of goods, and shippers prefer a stable transportation capacity, which makes it difficult for existing software to get involved in the mainstream market.

The capacity of individual trucks of about 14 million in China has seriously exceeded the demand for relatively scarce goods. At present, the trend of highway logistics is that vehicles tend to cooperate for a long time to ensure their high operating costs, so more and more individual vehicles are linked to the fleet; Shippers also tend to find long-term transportation capacity to ensure the stability of their logistics operation. And this long-term cooperative relationship has been established slowly, so the car-goods matching software has actually intervened in a relatively marginal market. Because of this, we will see more false information on the software, because the scarce real demand has already been spontaneously matched offline.

4.2 What mode does road freight need?

At the beginning of the report, we mentioned that the reason for the low efficiency of road freight transportation is information asymmetry. Therefore, the ideal state is that the waste of resources is zero: as soon as the goods leave the factory, there is a truck waiting at the door; And the truck will never be empty or stop for nothing, it will always go from A to B to C to D …, and it will be fully loaded in the process. In this ideal state, there will be no intermediary matchmaker and resources will match spontaneously. This is the ultimate mode of road freight.

However, under the condition that the current technology has not reached the above level, offline matching platforms such as distribution stations, highways and logistics parks will exist for a long time. The reason is that it is difficult to standardize the freight supply and demand information we mentioned earlier, and the matching platform must have physical entities that enable both parties to meet. This makes these offline matching platforms naturally have the ability to gather people and traffic, and only when they carry out technological innovation and model innovation with real matching scenes can they promote the transformation and development of the road freight industry. Just like our comment on the highway port: "The construction of the highway port is to eliminate the highway port in the future".

4.3 Investment strategy

According to our judgment, the highway logistics industry will have offline matching platforms such as distribution stations, highways and logistics parks for a long time, and they have the strongest ability to gather traffic and people in scattered industries. That is to say, they have a strong premium ability to shippers and car owners. As long as these offline entities try to continue to cut into the deeper value-added and financial needs of shippers and car owners, the profit model will continue to innovate.

In view of the fact that there are regional offline matching entities all over the country, we suggest paying attention to Chuanhua, which can take the lead in arranging and integrating the resources of logistics parks nationwide to form a highway and port network.

For details of Chuanhua shares, please refer to our in-depth report "Chuanhua Logistics-China Highway Integrators Reloaded into Battle" on July 3 this year.

● Related reading:

In the era of big data, the car-goods matching logistics APP triggered a big change.

However, the combination of eggs: the matching of vehicles and goods can not solve the problem of logistics park

Note: The content of this article is reproduced from other media, please respect the copyright and keep the source, and bear all legal responsibilities. Truck House published this article for the purpose of transmitting more information, which does not mean agreeing with its views or confirming its description, nor does it mean that this website is responsible for its authenticity. If you have any questions or doubts about the content of this manuscript, please contact Truck House immediately, and this website will give you a quick response and handle it.

All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, Education Department (Education Committee), Intellectual Property Office (Intellectual Property Management Department), Science and Technology Department (Committee, Bureau), Education Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Intellectual Property Office, Science and Technology Bureau, Education Department (Bureau) of relevant departments (units), Intellectual Property Management Agency, Science and Technology Department, and colleges and universities jointly established by the ministries and provinces:

　　Since the promulgation and implementation of the Outline of National Intellectual Property Strategy, the level of creation, application and management of intellectual property rights in colleges and universities has been continuously improved, and the number of patent applications and authorizations has been greatly improved. However, compared with foreign high-level universities, there are still some problems in Chinese university patents, such as "emphasizing quantity over quality" and "emphasizing application over implementation". In order to comprehensively improve the quality of university patents, strengthen the creation, application and management of high-value patents, and give full play to the important role of universities in serving economic and social development, the following opinions are put forward.

　　I. General requirements

　　(A) the guiding ideology

　　Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, implement the deployment of the National Education Conference, adhere to the new development concept, closely follow the main line of high-quality development, thoroughly implement the innovation-driven development strategy and the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property rights, comprehensively improve the quality of patent creation, utilization efficiency, management level and service ability of colleges and universities, promote new progress in scientific and technological innovation and discipline construction, and support the construction of a strong country with education, science and technology and intellectual property rights.

　　(2) Basic principles

　　Adhere to quality first. Firmly grasp the requirements of high-quality development of intellectual property rights, adhere to quality priority, identify the breakthrough, enhance pertinence, and always run high-quality through the whole process of intellectual property creation, management and application in colleges and universities.

　　Highlight the transformation orientation. We should establish the idea that innovation value can only be realized by transforming scientific and technological achievements such as patents in colleges and universities, and that non-transformation is the biggest loss, and highlight the orientation of transformation and application, which will force the optimization and promotion of intellectual property management in colleges and universities.

　　Strengthen policy guidance. Give play to the important role of policies such as financial aid, evaluation and evaluation in promoting reform and guiding work, and establish and constantly improve various policies and measures that are conducive to improving patent quality and strengthening transformation and application.

　　(III) Main objectives

　　By 2022, the whole process management system of intellectual property rights in colleges and universities covering patent navigation and layout, patent application and maintenance, patent transformation and application will be more perfect, and it will be organically integrated with the scientific and technological innovation system of colleges and universities and the transfer and transformation system of scientific and technological achievements. By 2025, the patent quality of colleges and universities will be significantly improved, and the patent operation ability will be significantly enhanced. The patent authorization rate and implementation rate of some colleges and universities will reach the level of world-class universities.

　　Second, the key tasks

　　(A) improve the intellectual property management system

　　1. Improve the overall coordination mechanism of intellectual property rights. Colleges and universities should set up a leading group for the management and operation of intellectual property rights or a leading group for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, coordinate scientific research, intellectual property rights, state-owned assets, personnel, transfer and transformation of achievements, libraries and other relevant institutions, actively implement the "Regulations on the Management of Intellectual Property Rights in Colleges and Universities" (GB/T 33251-2016), and form an overall coordination mechanism integrating scientific and technological innovation with intellectual property rights management and transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Colleges and universities that have set up leading groups for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements should bring intellectual property management into the scope of responsibilities of the leading groups.

　　2. Establish and improve the intellectual property management process of major projects. Colleges and universities should embody intellectual property management in all aspects of project selection, project establishment, implementation, conclusion, achievement transfer and transformation. Explore and establish a sound patent navigation mechanism around major national scientific research projects such as major scientific and technological innovation 2030 projects and key R&D plans. Before the project is established, patent information and literature information are analyzed, intellectual property risk assessment is carried out, the research technology route is determined, and the starting point of research and development is improved; During the implementation of the project, track the work trends in the research field of the project, adjust the research direction and technical route in a timely manner, evaluate the research results in a timely manner and form intellectual property rights; Before the acceptance of the project, we should take the transformation and application as the guide, do a good job in patent layout and technical secret protection, and form a list of intellectual property rights of the project results; After the completion of the project, strengthen the implementation of patent application and promote the transfer and transformation of achievements. Encourage colleges and universities to strengthen the layout of intellectual property rights in strategic emerging industries and related industries in major national economic fields around advantageous and characteristic disciplines, and strengthen the application for international patents.

　　3. Gradually establish the disclosure system of post scientific and technological achievements. Colleges and universities should strengthen the management and service of scientific and technological innovations from the source, and gradually establish and improve the disclosure system of post scientific and technological achievements. Scientific researchers should actively and timely disclose their post-related scientific and technological achievements to their universities. Colleges and universities should improve the legal risk awareness of scientific researchers engaged in innovation and entrepreneurship, guide scientific researchers to carry out scientific and technological achievements transfer and transformation activities according to law, and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of colleges and universities. Without the permission of the unit, no one may use the scientific and technological achievements of his position to engage in the establishment of enterprises and other acts. The disclosure of scientific and technological achievements in classified positions should strictly abide by the relevant provisions on confidentiality.

　　(two) to carry out pre-application evaluation of patent.

　　4. Establish a pre-application patent evaluation system. Conditional colleges and universities should speed up the establishment of pre-patent application evaluation system, clarify the evaluation institutions and processes, cost sharing and incentives, and evaluate the technology to be patented, so as to decide whether to apply for a patent and effectively improve the quality of patent application. The evaluation work can be carried out by the intellectual property management department (technology transfer department) of our school or by the entrusted market-oriented institutions. For the post-service scientific and technological achievements that the evaluation institution considers unsuitable to apply for a patent after evaluation, and the losses caused to the university due to the abandonment of patent application, if the relevant responsible person has fulfilled the obligation of diligence and did not seek illegal interests, he may be exempted from the decision-making responsibility of giving up patent application according to the law and regulations. For the job-related scientific and technological achievements formed by projects entrusted by enterprises and other social organizations, the parties involved in the contract are allowed to decide independently whether to apply for patents.

　　5. Clear ownership of property rights and cost sharing. Colleges and universities are allowed to explore the ownership reform of service inventions, and give full play to the role of property rights incentives and cost sharing in accordance with the principle of equal rights and obligations to promote the quality of patents. Inventors may not use financial funds to pay patent fees.

　　After the patent application evaluation, inventors are encouraged to bear the patent fees for the post-service scientific and technological achievements that universities decide to apply for patents. If the university divides the ownership with the inventor, the inventor shall bear the patent fee in proportion to the property right. If the ownership is not divided, it is necessary to clarify the patent cost sharing and income distribution; If colleges and universities bear all the patent fees, the income from patent transformation will be distributed according to the established proportion after deducting the patent fees and other costs; If the inventor bears part or all of the patent fees, the patent fees and other costs shall be deducted from the income obtained from patent transformation, and the patent fees borne by the inventor shall be deducted twice and returned to the inventor, and then distributed according to the established proportion.

　　After the patent application evaluation, the university should conclude a written contract with the inventor to transfer the patent application right or patent right in accordance with legal procedures, and allow the inventor to apply for a patent on his own. After authorization, the patent right belongs to the inventor, and the patent expenses are borne by the inventor. After deducting the patent application and operation and maintenance expenses, the inventor will pay the income to the university according to the agreed proportion.

　　(3) Strengthen the construction of specialized institutions and talent teams

　　6. Strengthen technology transfer and the construction of intellectual property operating institutions. Support qualified universities to establish specialized institutions integrating technology transfer and intellectual property management and operation, and guarantee personnel, venues and funds. Through the platform and pilot demonstration construction such as "National Intellectual Property Pilot Demonstration University", "University Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation and Technology Transfer Base" and "University National Intellectual Property Information Service Center", we will promote the construction of technology transfer and intellectual property management and operation system, and continuously improve the transformation ability of scientific and technological achievements in universities. Encourage colleges and universities to explore the market-oriented operation mechanism and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of professional institutions and talents.

　　Support the construction of market-oriented intellectual property operating institutions and provide professional services such as intellectual property, legal consultation, achievement evaluation and project financing for universities. Encourage colleges and universities to cooperate with third-party intellectual property operation service platforms or institutions, and give intermediary service fees to third-party professional institutions from the proceeds from the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Encourage the combination of universities and localities, and set up industrial intellectual property operation centers around the industrial planning and layout of various localities and the academic advantages of universities.

　　7. Accelerate the construction of professional talents. Support colleges and universities to set up courses related to technology transfer and intellectual property operation, strengthen the construction of intellectual property related majors and disciplines, create a professional talent team of intellectual property management and technology transfer by combining introduction and education, and promote the construction of professional talent team. Encourage colleges and universities to set up expert committees on the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and introduce technical managers to participate in the whole process of the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities, such as invention disclosure, value evaluation, patent application and maintenance, technology promotion and docking negotiation, so as to promote the application of patent transformation.

　　8. Establish an intellectual property management and operation fund. Support colleges and universities to raise funds to set up intellectual property management and operation funds through school grants, local awards, and the proceeds from the transfer of scientific and technological achievements, so as to entrust third-party professional institutions to carry out intellectual property management and operation such as patent navigation, patent layout and patent operation, as well as the construction of technology transfer professional institutions and talent teams, so as to form a good cycle of transformation benefits and promotion of transformation.

　　(D) Optimize the policy system

　　9. Improve the talent evaluation and employment system. Colleges and universities should be guided by quality and transformation performance, pay more attention to indicators such as patent quality and transformation application, and resolutely put an end to simply taking the amount of patent application and authorization as the assessment content and increase the weight of patent transformation application performance in policies such as title promotion, performance appraisal, post appointment, project completion, talent evaluation and scholarship evaluation. Support colleges and universities to independently set up a series of technical and management posts for technology transfer and transformation according to the relevant regulations on post setting management, and encourage researchers and managers to engage in the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

　　10. Optimize the incentive policy for patent funding. Colleges and universities should take optimizing patent quality and promoting the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements as the guide, stop funding and rewarding patent applications, greatly reduce and gradually cancel the rewards for patent authorization, and reward inventors or teams by increasing the proportion of transformation income and other "post-subsidy" methods.

　　Third, organize the implementation

　　(1) Improve the working mechanism. The Ministry of Education, China National Intellectual Property Administration and the Ministry of Science and Technology shall establish a regular communication mechanism to study the patent application, authorization and transformation in colleges and universities in a timely manner. Colleges and universities should deeply understand the importance of further improving patent quality, adhere to quality first, actively promote the patent quality improvement work to be included in the important agenda, further improve the level of intellectual property work, and promote the creation and application of intellectual property rights. Other types of intellectual property management can be implemented with reference to this opinion.

　　(2) Strengthen policy guidance. The transfer and transformation performance of scientific and technological achievements, such as patent transformation, is regarded as an important indicator of dynamic monitoring, effectiveness evaluation and discipline evaluation of the construction of first-class universities and first-class disciplines. It is not only to assess the number of patents, but also to highlight the transformation and application. Select a number of universities to carry out professional intellectual property operation or technology transfer personnel training, and constantly improve the intellectual property operation and technology transfer capabilities of universities. China National Intellectual Property Administration strengthens the examination of patent applications and strictly controls the quality of patents. Oppose the publication and resolutely resist the ranking of patent applications and authorizations in colleges and universities.

　　(three) the implementation of record monitoring. Before the end of March each year, colleges and universities will record the patents that have been transformed and implemented in the form of license, transfer, price share or joint ownership with enterprises through the China National Intellectual Property Administration system. According to the filing situation, the Ministry of Education and China National Intellectual Property Administration publish the implementation of patent transformation in colleges and universities every year, and monitor the patent transactions. According to "Several Provisions on Standardizing Patent Application Behavior" (China National Intellectual Property Administration Decree No.75, 2017), abnormal patent applications in colleges and universities are monitored every quarter. For colleges and universities with more than 5 abnormal patent applications per quarter or with abnormal patent applications accounting for more than 5% of the total patent applications this year, China National Intellectual Property Administration will cancel its qualification to declare the China Patent Award next year.

　　(4) Innovative licensing model. Encourage colleges and universities to carry out patent implementation transformation by means of ordinary license, and improve the transformation efficiency. Support the innovation licensing model of colleges and universities, and patents that have been granted the patent right for three years and have not been implemented without justifiable reasons can determine the relevant licensing conditions, publish them through the relevant platform of national intellectual property operation, and open the license to the society within a certain period of time.

Ministry of Education China National Intellectual Property Administration Ministry of Science and Technology

February 3, 2020

Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, July 6th Title: The water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has maintained Class II for three consecutive years.

Xinhua News Agency reporters Hui Xiaoyong, Li Siyuan and Tanaka Quan.

The reporter recently learned from a marching interview along the Yangtze River that with the continuous implementation of the great protection of the Yangtze River, the water ecological quality of the Yangtze River has improved significantly. According to the data of the Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, since 2020, the water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has remained Class II for three consecutive years, and the Yangtze River, which was once "not seriously ill", has achieved "initial recovery after illness".

"The national control section of the main stream of the Yangtze River has reached Class II water quality for three consecutive years, which meets the drinking water standard." Xu Yi, director of the Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that overall, the health level of the water ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin has improved year by year, and the ecological function has been significantly improved. The proportion of water quality section with Grade III in the Yangtze River Basin has increased from 81.8% in 2015 to 98.1% in 2022.

The Yangtze River, the mother river of the Chinese nation, has nourished thousands of waters and Qian Shan for thousands of years. Influenced by the extensive development mode for many years, "the Yangtze River is sick, and it is not very sick". In recent years, all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the Yangtze River basin have placed the restoration of the Yangtze River ecology in an overwhelming position, successively implementing the "closing and moving" of chemical enterprises along the Yangtze River, tackling the key problems of comprehensive improvement of the Yangtze River coastline, and banning fishing in key waters of the basin for 10 years … Many times of "surgery" and several doses of "good medicine" have gradually solved a series of water ecological problems in the Yangtze River.

Up to now, a total of 60,000 kilometers of river and lake shorelines have been investigated in the Yangtze River basin, and more than 85,000 sewage outlets have been found, which has solved more than 42,000 problems of direct and disorderly sewage discharge. 1,703 centralized sewage treatment facilities were built in provincial and above industrial parks, and 752 problems such as imperfect sewage pipe network and abnormal operation of facilities were solved. 1054 tailings ponds with environmental problems have been rectified.

People don’t live up to rivers, and rivers will live up to people. At present, the Yangtze River, finless porpoises frequently appear, and the number has gradually increased to 1249, becoming the new favorite of cities along the Yangtze River; The frequency of the fish disappeared in the Yangtze River for many years increased rapidly. Coilia ectenes, one of the "Three Seasons of the Yangtze River", returned to Dongting Lake to lay eggs. In 2022, 193 species of fish were detected in key waters of the Yangtze River, an increase of 25 species compared with 2020.

Institutional changes related to the water ecological protection of the Yangtze River are also under way. At present, the Yangtze River basin is taking the lead in pilot water ecological assessment, which is another major progress and innovation in ecological protection.

"From focusing only on water quality in the past to focusing on water ecological changes now, it marks that the main task of water ecological protection in the Yangtze River has shifted from water pollution prevention to equal emphasis on overall water ecological protection and restoration." Xu Wei said.