Many studies have revealed that the severity of diseases infected with Omicron is less severe. So, compared with Delta, what are the clinical manifestations of Omicron infection?

Recently, a large-scale study from the United Kingdom revealed that in the epidemic period dominated by Omicron, the prevalence rate of 12 symptoms of those infected with two or three doses of vaccine was significantly lower than that in the Delta epidemic period, including loss of sense of smell, change of sense of smell, sneezing, runny nose, brain fog, sore eyes, headache, fever and so on.

The researchers said that the most significant symptom difference between the two groups is the loss of sense of smell, which is the diagnostic feature of early Covid-19 infection, but now less than 20% of cases will suffer from the loss of sense of smell. The results showed that the probability of olfactory loss of infected people was only 16.7% during Omicron epidemic, while this figure was 52.7% during Delta epidemic.

In addition, during the epidemic period in Omicron, the hospitalization rate of patients was even lower, at 1.9%; During the Delta epidemic, the hospitalization rate was 2.6%.

The research is entitled Symptom Prevention, Duration, and risk of hospital admission in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during periods of omicron and delta variant dominance: a prospective observatio Nal study from the ZOE COVID Study was published online in the authoritative international medical journal The Lancet on April 7th, local time.

The probability of 12 symptoms of Omicron infected people is reduced.

The main researchers of the above research are from King’s College London and Nottingham University, and three of them are consultants of the application ZOE. There are also five researchers who are employees of the application ZOE.

This study is a prospective longitudinal observation study, and the data is coming from the application ZOE, which used to be called "COVID-19 Symptom Study", and users can report infection test results and symptoms by themselves.

The purpose of this study is to compare the possibility of designated symptoms (32 symptoms monitored by ZOE) and the possibility of hospitalization between those infected in Omicron epidemic period and those infected in Delta epidemic period. Therefore, the data of two periods were compared and analyzed: from June 1 to November 27, 2021, during this period, Delta mutant was dominant in Britain, with a prevalence rate of more than 70%; From December 20th, 2021 to January 17th, 2022, Omicron mutant was dominant in Britain, and the prevalence rate was over 70%.

The study first included 63,002 ZOE users who were COVID-19-positive by PCR or LFAT from June 1, 2021 to January 17, 2022. Among them, 33,785 users tested positive during the Delta epidemic and 29,217 users tested positive during the Omicron epidemic.

After that, the study further screened the samples. Finally, the eligible participants were 16-99 years old, living in the UK, with a body mass index of 15-55kg/m2, who had been vaccinated with at least 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine and reported symptoms. The study also matched the age, sex and vaccination times of these positive infected people according to 1:1. After matching, the total number of participants in Omicron epidemic period and Delta epidemic period decreased to 4,990 in each group.

Distribution of symptoms of people infected with Delta or Omicron. Paper drawings

　Through data analysis, it was found that among 4990 people in Omicron group, the most commonly reported symptoms were runny nose (76.5%), headache (74.7%), sore throat (70.5%), sneezing (63.0%), persistent cough (49.8%) and hoarseness (42.6%). Among the 4990 people in Delta group, the most commonly reported symptoms were runny nose (81.6%), headache (77.9%), sneezing (70.7%), sore throat (60.8%) and loss of sense of smell (52.7%).

The study made a detailed comparison between the symptoms of the two periods, and found that among the 32 symptoms evaluated in the study, the prevalence rate of 12 symptoms in Omicron epidemic period was significantly lower than that in Delta epidemic period, including loss of sense of smell, change of sense of smell, sneezing, runny nose, brain fog, sore eyes, headache, fever, alopecia, blisters on feet, tinnitus and dizziness.

Compared with the Delta epidemic period, the infected people in Omicron epidemic period are less likely to show at least one of the three typical COVID-19 symptoms: fever, loss of sense of smell and persistent cough. However, sore throat and hoarseness are more likely to occur during the epidemic period in Omicron.

The researchers concluded that the most significant symptom difference between the two periods was the loss of sense of smell, which was the diagnostic feature of early Covid-19 infection, but now less than 20% of cases will appear. The results showed that during the Omicron epidemic, the olfactory loss of infected people was relatively rare, only 16.7%, while this figure was 52.7% during the Delta epidemic.

In addition, the probability of many debilitating symptoms in Omicron’s case is obviously reduced, such as brain fog, burning eyes, dizziness, fever and headache.

What is the difference between the duration of symptoms and rehabilitation after the third injection?

Because all the participants in this study have been vaccinated with two or three doses of vaccine, the study also makes a comparative analysis of different vaccination States.

Regarding the hospitalization rate, the study found that compared with the Delta epidemic period, during the Omicron epidemic period, the hospitalization rate of infected people was lower (94 people in Omicron group were hospitalized, while 130 people in Delta group were hospitalized), which was similar among the two-dose vaccinators and the three-dose vaccinators. Overall, the hospitalization rate in Omicron was 1.9% in epidemic period, while in Delta epidemic period, the hospitalization rate was 2.6%.

The researchers said that the hospitalization rate of patients in Omicron epidemic period was significantly lower than that in Delta epidemic period, which supported the previous findings from South Africa and South Korea that the Omicron mutant was less severe in disease.

"We found that the hospitalization rate of Omicron infected people is 25% lower than that of Delta, which is consistent with the report of Discovery Health, a private insurance company in Johannesburg, which claims that the hospitalization risk of Omicron infected people is 29% lower than that of Delta infected people." The researcher wrote.

The duration of acute symptoms of Omicron infected people and Delta infected people, I is all participants; Ii is a two-dose vaccinator and iii is a three-dose vaccinator. Paper drawings

The study also analyzed the duration of symptoms of patients with different vaccination conditions.

For the participants who recovered within 21 days, the study compared the time for the acute symptoms to subside. The samples were matched Delta infected persons and Omicron infected persons, with 1530 persons in each group. The study found that, on the whole, the acute symptoms of Delta infection lasted longer, with an average of 8.89 days, while in Omicron, the figure was 6.87 days.

If divided into two doses and three doses, there is no obvious difference in the duration between the two doses. The average duration of acute symptoms in Delta group is 9.57 days, and that in Omicron group is 8.30 days. This difference is obvious among the three doses of vaccination. The average duration of acute symptoms in Delta group is 7.71 days, and that in Omicron group is 4.40 days.

The researchers said that the dramatic shortening of the duration of symptoms of infected people during the epidemic period in Omicron was related to three doses of vaccination.

In addition, the study also investigated the probability of recovery within 7 days after symptoms appeared in Omicron epidemic period and Delta epidemic period. It was found that the possibility of 7-day recovery of infected people in Omicron epidemic period was twice that in Delta epidemic period.

The researchers write that there are still some limitations in this study. Although the design of this study matches the vaccination situation (two or three doses of vaccination), it cannot match the length of time after vaccination. If compared with the matching duration after vaccination, the current research may bias the data to present the more serious clinical situation after Omicron infection. However, the researchers believe that this will strengthen the robustness of the main findings of this study, that is, the clinical manifestations of Omicron infection are not as serious as Delta.

　　On October 2nd, 2015, as a RMB clearing bank in Hungary, Bank of China held a launching ceremony in Budapest, Hungary. The bank became the first RMB clearing bank in Central and Eastern Europe.

　　People’s vision

　　The new immigrant village building (left) in Pajing Village, Meng wei county, Luang Prabang Province, Laos, built by China Power Construction Group Laos Southern Europe River Basin Power Generation Co., Ltd., has greatly improved the living environment of local villagers. The picture on the right shows the old house before relocation.

　　On August 27, 2015, local workers installed solar panels at ZTE’s 900 MW photovoltaic ground power station in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. The total investment of the power station is more than 1.5 billion US dollars, which is one of the priority projects of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.

　　Xinhua news agency

　　Chen Jianqi (Deputy Director of the World Economic Office of the Institute of International Strategy of the Central Party School, main member of the G20 Finance and Economics Research Group of Peking University, G20 expert of the Ministry of Finance)

　　Xin li (doctoral supervisor of Beijing Normal University, main member of G20 Finance and Economics Research Group of Peking University, G20 expert of Ministry of Finance)

　　Li Yuanfang (Secretary-General, International Finance Research Center, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

　　Advocate the construction of a new international financial order and transcend the existing conflicts of interest in terms of ideas and patterns.

　　Chen Jianqi: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank are two important international financial institutions at present. Together with GATT (the predecessor of the World Trade Organization), they constitute the three pillars of the Bretton Woods system. After World War II, the international financial system has been dominated by developed countries such as the United States, and this phenomenon has not changed substantially so far. Nevertheless, the progress made by China in recent years in promoting the adjustment of the international monetary and financial system and preventing global financial risks cannot be underestimated.

　　First of all, China, together with other emerging economies, called on international financial institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank to reform their governance mechanisms, so as to push the IMF to transfer more than 6% of the voting rights to emerging developing countries and countries that are under-represented, thus steadily increasing the voting rights of emerging developing economies. China’s voting rights in the IMF rose to the third place in the world. In recent years, China has repeatedly appointed personnel to hold senior official positions in the IMF and the World Bank, and the number of China employees in the two organizations has also increased. These changes are a more representative embodiment of the international financial governance mechanism.

　　Secondly, the internationalization of RMB accelerated last year, especially the entry into the SDR currency basket became a landmark event, which is of great significance for optimizing the international monetary system. The RMB exchange rate market fluctuated greatly in the second half of last year, but China took active measures to deal with the risks, and the current exchange rate has gradually shown two-way fluctuations. At the same time, China, together with other countries, advocated the implementation of responsible macro-policies through the G20 Summit to prevent countries from adopting competitive devaluation. All these are of positive significance to the current global financial governance and financial risk prevention.

　　Xin li: Since the international financial crisis, China has not only vigorously advocated the construction of a new international financial order on multilateral occasions, including the G20, but also put this idea into practice through its own actions. First of all, the AIIB is an important measure for China to improve the existing international financial order. The AIIB is not only widely representative, but also creates a new situation in promoting global financial cooperation, especially intergovernmental financial cooperation, which indicates that the international financial system has begun to issue the voice of China. Secondly, the establishment of RMB international settlement center, the opening of RMB cross-border payment system, and the entry of RMB into SDR currency basket all mark the steady progress of RMB internationalization. Thirdly, as a new mechanism created in the field of international finance, the BRICS New Development Bank is also a perfection of the old international financial order. Finally, Chiang Mai initiated the multilateralization mechanism and the establishment of the Macroeconomic Research Office (AMRO) between ASEAN and China, Japan and Korea (10+3), which became the "Asian version" of the International Monetary Fund and played the role of regional financial stability anchor.

　　At present, the international financial center is gradually shifting from the west coast of the Atlantic to the west coast of the Pacific. This means the change of the global financial system with the dissolution of old financial interests and the weaving of new financial interests as the main contents. China is actively participating in this change and actively safeguarding the fundamental interests of developing countries in the process.

　　Li Yuanfang: The international financial crisis in 2008 exposed the deficiency and inadaptability of the old global economic governance in solving global imbalances, stabilizing the global financial system and preventing global financial risks. The era of globalization and the global economic structure have put forward extensive reform requirements for global economic governance, including reforming the international financial institutions under the original Bretton Woods system to make them play more effective global functions; Reforming the international monetary system to reduce systemic risks and promote global economic development; Global cooperation strengthens the supervision of transnational financial institutions and prevents moral hazard.

　　The reform of global economic governance order involves the relative changes of existing rights and responsibilities of countries, which will inevitably lead to complex contradictions and conflicts. If it is not handled properly, the reform may be stagnant. At the same time, it takes time to develop more fair, just and effective global governance. How to make a smooth transition and gather determination and confidence for further development requires the guidance and efforts of key participants. Due to China’s huge size and rapid rise in the global economic system, China is a stakeholder and a key actor in the global economic governance transition, and faces very complicated relationship problems. From the current practice, we can see that China has responded to these challenges with a very positive and pragmatic attitude. On the one hand, it has maintained enough respect and attention to the existing order and institutions. On the other hand, it has never been passive at critical moments, dared to innovate, and surpassed the existing conflicts of interest in terms of ideas and patterns, forming a favorable reform situation.

　　Mechanisms such as the AIIB and the BRICS New Development Bank have made the multilateral financial system more perfect.

　　Chen Jianqi: Multilateral international financial institutions have become important financing platforms in terms of infrastructure gaps in major economies such as Asia and the promotion of global economic growth. However, multilateral financial institutions such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank mainly focus on poverty alleviation assistance, while multilateral development financial institutions such as the AIIB and the BRICS New Development Bank initiated by China focus on infrastructure, making the multilateral financial system more perfect.

　　The establishment of the AIIB gave birth to an Asian multilateral development bank system with the participation of developed countries outside the US-led system, and adjusted the ecology of Asian multilateral development banks dominated by the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, which is of great significance to China’s participation in global economic governance.

　　Xin li: As a new regional international financial institution, the AIIB is not a substitute for the original international financial institutions, but a remedy for its deficiency in meeting the capital needs of developing countries. On the one hand, the AIIB is more open, free and inclusive. As an international multilateral financial institution spanning Asia, Europe and Latin America, the AIIB will undoubtedly have an impact on the dollar-dominated international financial system formed after World War II, and developing countries represented by China may become an important pole in the international financial system. On the other hand, the AIIB can help countries along the "Belt and Road" to continuously deepen interconnection construction, improve investment capacity and diversify investment risks in the "Belt and Road" region. "One Belt, One Road" is a new regional cooperation arrangement based on interconnection and aiming at regional common prosperity. Its concept of openness and tolerance determines that the AIIB will not only not challenge or replace the current international order, but also be able to work in parallel with the current regional economic cooperation mechanism and complement each other.

　　Li Yuanfang: It must be admitted that the reform process within the existing framework of global economic governance has greatly touched the old interests, so the reform is bound to be difficult and slow and needs a major opportunity to promote. The growth of emerging economies does not suddenly appear. China’s initiative of the AIIB and the BRICS New Development Bank jointly initiated by other BRICS countries are efforts to improve global economic governance outside the existing framework. On the one hand, they fill the gaps and shortcomings in the existing global economic governance, on the other hand, they are also of great significance to encourage and promote the reform and development of the original institutions.

　　The Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area has pointed out the direction for promoting the integration of rules in the field of international trade and investment.

　　Chen Jianqi: The 13th Five-Year Plan proposal comprehensively expounds China’s concept of promoting open development and achieving win-win cooperation from the aspects of perfecting the strategic layout of opening up, forming a new system of opening up, promoting the construction of the Belt and Road, actively participating in global economic governance, and actively assuming international responsibilities and obligations. Although specific governance rules related to win-win cooperation have yet to be formulated, it is certain that win-win cooperation constitutes the core thinking of China’s China plan to participate in global economic governance.

　　Xin li: Since the new century, the development of globalization is increasingly manifested in the refinement of different processes, sections and links in the process of product production and supply and the optimal allocation of spatial areas. In this process, the status of China and some emerging economies as "world factories" will continue to rise, and they will undertake more division of commodity production, thus demanding a larger world market. Economic and trade integration in the Asia-Pacific region came into being.

　　With the increasing global influence of China, it is bound to have broader and deeper economic and trade exchanges and cooperation with its trading partners. Allocating domestic and international resources and coordinating domestic and international markets will not only endow China’s economic development with richer connotations, but also profoundly affect the situation of economic globalization and multipolarization of the world economy. Therefore, it is not only in line with China’s interests, but also the practical needs of regional countries to achieve long-term development to establish a broader regional cooperation mechanism and promote the continuous extension of regional and even global production chains. The Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area advocated and promoted by China is more inclusive, which is a concrete measure for China to contribute "China wisdom" to build a new pattern of opening up the Asia-Pacific region and achieve win-win regional development.

　　Li Yuanfang: Due to the development of global value chain trade, the development of multilateral trade and investment governance framework such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) is facing more and more difficulties. At present, there is a trend of regional, bilateral and plurilateral trade and investment governance in the field of global trade and investment, and the fragmentation of governance rules in the Asia-Pacific region is obvious, with the emergence of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) promoted by the United States and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) led by ASEAN and actively participated by China. If TPP is independent of the existing rules system and absorbs members on the new high-standard platform, RCEP is more integrated, open and gradual. This cooperation is committed to narrowing the development gap among participating countries and achieving maximum mutual benefit in the implementation of the agreement, taking into account high-level goals and gradual implementation. These are two different ideas, and the latter is more inclusive. There is a certain competitive relationship between them, but different ideas also mean that they have the potential of complementarity and strategic interaction.

　　The Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area promoted by China is not only compatible and coordinated with the WTO multilateral trading system, but also regards TPP and RCEP as possible realization paths, with higher-level integration, so as to unify the opening process of the Asia-Pacific region and reduce the market segmentation that may be caused by the fragmentation mechanism. This has pointed out an important direction for promoting the integration of rules in the field of international trade and investment.

　　The "Belt and Road" construction is an important practice of China’s characteristic openness.

　　Chen Jianqi: Promoting the "Belt and Road" construction is a concrete practice of China’s win-win cooperation and opening-up concept. While promoting the economic and trade development of countries and regions along the route, it is also expected to build a win-win regional governance system in this region. In the long run, the "Belt and Road Initiative" will inevitably face the problem of docking with TPP and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership Agreement (TTIP).

　　Xin li: From an economic point of view, the Belt and Road Initiative is not only conducive to the integration and development of China and countries along the Belt and Road, but also conducive to global economic recovery and sustainable growth in the post-crisis era.

　　On the one hand, the "Belt and Road" spans Asia, Europe and Africa and involves dozens of countries, connecting the active East Asian economic circle with the developed European economic circle. In fact, based on its existing economic aggregate, trade scale, foreign exchange reserves and increasing overseas investment and development financing, China can do more to promote the globalization process and improve the world economic governance system, and the implementation of the "Belt and Road" will play a positive role in this regard. On the other hand, the Belt and Road Initiative can promote regional economic integration through closer cooperation among countries, form new production networks and consumer markets, enhance the international competitiveness of industrial economies in Asian countries, and inject new impetus into global economic recovery in the post-crisis era.

　　Li Yuanfang: Under the background of weak global economic growth and the urgent need for a breakthrough, improving regional infrastructure and comprehensively promoting trade, investment and financial cooperation are of great value to improving the efficiency of regional resource allocation and promoting economic development. This is the fundamental reason why countries and regions along the "Belt and Road" have maintained very high attention and enthusiasm for it.

　　The "Belt and Road" construction is an important field to practice the openness with China characteristics of "co-operation, co-construction and sharing". In the process of transformation from a participant in the international system to a provider of public goods, China will inevitably face difficulties, such as investment income protection and investment security, financing channels and risk management, and relations with local governments and people. On the basis of learning from the experience of relevant countries, China adheres to the concept of common prosperity and solves these problems more creatively, which will not only bring remarkable economic achievements, but also contribute China’s best practices to global economic governance and support the substantive progress of bilateral and multilateral relations with concrete cooperation.

　　(Interviewed by our reporters Li Yan and Meng Xianglin)

May 13th

Hutubi county market supervision management bureau union

13 law enforcement agencies

Enter the enterprise to carry out joint law enforcement inspection

This is the first time that Hutubi County has taken the lead in implementing "scanning code into enterprises" in Xinjiang.

Standardize enterprise-related inspections

In Xinjiang Xiyuchun Dairy Co., Ltd., law enforcement officers gently scanned the QR code with the help of the "Jisu Office" applet, and the system immediately presented the detailed basic information of law enforcement officers and the inspected enterprises. Subsequently, the municipal supervision, environmental protection, fire protection, health and other departments carried out law enforcement inspections according to their respective inspection priorities.

Ma Cheng, deputy section chief of the Food Production and Operation Supervision and Management Department of Hutubi County Market Supervision Administration, said: "One-code inspection is an important measure for us to optimize the business environment, and it is also a new requirement for improving the supervision efficiency. When we enter the enterprise, we can scan the code before inspection. Enterprises can also check the inspection qualifications and existing problems of personnel through the QR code. Inspectors only need to check one by one through the inspection items generated by the system and make records."

After the inspection, the law enforcement officers will comprehensively, objectively and truly input the inspection results into the system, and the formed law enforcement results will be confirmed and recognized by both parties. Enterprises can query the results through the "Jisu Office" applet to protect their right to know about the law enforcement process and results.

Ou Guobing, member of the Party Committee and deputy general manager of Xinjiang Xiyuchun Dairy Co., Ltd. said that the implementation of "scanning code into enterprises" has guaranteed the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises, reduced the interference to production and operation, and truly realized "traceability of inspection marks and full supervision of law enforcement"! Ou Guobing said: "The inspection method of’ scanning the code into the enterprise’ is very convenient. In the past, it was time-consuming and labor-intensive for more than a dozen units to inspect separately, but now it is all found out at one time. This not only greatly improves the efficiency of law enforcement inspection, but also allows enterprises to focus more time and energy on production and operation, and strengthens the normative constraints on law enforcement activities. The inspection results are also open and transparent. We can see all the inspection feedback in the background of mobile phones, which also makes us more truly feel that the business environment is there.

The implementation of "scanning code into enterprises" is an important measure to implement the "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Strictly Regulating the Administrative Inspection of Enterprises", which is of great significance to curb disorderly inspections and reduce the burden on enterprises. This year, Hutubi County established a "comprehensive inspection once" joint inspection mechanism, and followed the five-step working method of "whole process recording-scanning code to show evidence-comprehensive inspection-joint feedback-tracking rectification" to realize paperless inspection and whole process supervision. At the same time, 182 5G law enforcement recorders were distributed to all administrative law enforcement units to record the whole process of administrative law enforcement.

Gao Feng, director of the Judicial Bureau of Hutubi County, said: "In recent years, faced with the problem of too many inspection items and too high inspection frequency reflected by enterprises, we have effectively reduced the inspection frequency of enterprises through cross-departmental joint law enforcement, and clarified the work responsibilities of various departments through list inspection, avoiding multiple law enforcement and repeating law enforcement."

It is understood that since the pilot implementation in March this year, Hutubi County has reduced the frequency of inspections involving enterprises by 62%, and the satisfaction of enterprises has reached 97.3%. It has truly realized "going to the door once and checking many things", and a new pattern of business environment with "strong supervision and temperature service" is accelerating in Hutubi.

Gao Feng said: "Strengthen mutual supervision through joint law enforcement by various departments to avoid disorderly law enforcement and behavior. In the future work, we will continue to strengthen law enforcement methods, comprehensively optimize the business environment of the county, and provide a good legal environment for the high-quality development of the county economy and society. "

Original title: "Changji, Xinjiang: Hutubi County takes the lead in promoting" scanning code into enterprises "and standardizing enterprise-related inspections in Xinjiang"

Read the original text

　　618 has greatly promoted the decline. Many consumers are worried about the routine of "going up first and then falling down" while sorting out shopping carts and calculating how to buy more cost-effective.

　　At present,In view of this situation, Taobao launched a new function "Price Protection Center" and opened it to all users.

　　After opening the "My Taobao" interface, click on the official customer service (or exclusive customer service) to enter the price protection center page. Users can apply for price protection through "one price protection". During the price protection period, the price difference can be refunded if the goods are reduced.

　　This means that,Consumers will not need to worry about product price fluctuations when shopping. If there is an operation of lowering the price immediately after the end of 618, they can directly apply for a refund of the price difference.

　　However, it should be noted that,Not all goods are suitable for this function.

　　First of all, only those products that support price protection service and reduce the price within the promised service period can support one-click price difference refund.

　　Secondly, if the price reduction of commodities is caused by participating in promotional activities such as 618, using exclusive benefits such as new people’s special offers, using red envelopes or subsidies of 10 billion yuan, it will not be covered by the price insurance.

　　At the same time, products with fluctuating prices such as jewelry, diamonds, vehicles and flowers, as well as intangible goods such as games and tourism services, will not support price protection services.

　　Although there are certain restrictions, the launch of this function can still make consumers feel more at ease while "buying in buy buy", without worrying about whether the merchants will deliberately raise prices.

　　On January 28th, the Emergency Management Department of Henan Province released typical cases of production safety accidents in 2020 in the whole province, and sorted out and analyzed 10 production safety accidents, so as to promote all localities, departments and enterprises to learn the lessons from accidents, be prepared for danger in times of peace, sound the alarm bell and compact their safety responsibilities.

　　It is understood that in 2020, all levels, departments and relevant units in the province will co-ordinate safety precautions and COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, achieving a "three declines" in the total number of accidents, deaths and major accidents, and no serious accidents occurred throughout the year.

　　01

　　Xinyang Pingqiao District Fuxin Mining Co., Ltd. "3 13" was a major water leakage accident.

　　At 3: 20 on March 13, 2020, a water seepage accident occurred in the second mining area of fluorite mine in Dashiling integrated mining area of Fuxin Mining Co., Ltd., Pingqiao District, Xinyang City, causing 7 deaths and a direct economic loss of 9.37 million yuan.

　　Direct cause: illegal blasting operation in Fuxin mining industry caused a large amount of water in goaf to break into roadway, causing water seepage.

　　The main lessons are as follows: First, Fuxin Mining Co., Ltd. carried out cross-border mining, failed to carry out construction and production as designed, failed to install many safety facilities as required, and built some roadways without design; The daily safety management is chaotic, and the regulations on hidden danger investigation, taking classes to go down the well, water prevention and control, safety training and holding certificates are not implemented, and underground projects are contracted out in violation of regulations. Second, the storage and use of blasting equipment of Pingqiao District Civil Explosive Equipment Franchise Co., Ltd. did not meet the requirements, and Henan Xiangtai Safety Evaluation Co., Ltd. issued an evaluation report of "meeting the safety production conditions" when the infrastructure project did not meet the design and the safety facilities were not perfect. Third, the district mine management office failed to check the acceptance of resumption of work and production, and neglected illegal mining and cross-border mining; The district emergency bureau urged the investigation and management of hidden dangers to be ineffective; The Minggang Branch of the Municipal Public Security Bureau did not find that civil explosives were not recycled, used or stored according to regulations; Xingji Town Government’s safety supervision power is weak, and there are blind spots in its work. The district committee and district government are ineffective in supervising and guiding the management of mineral resources exploitation and safety production.

　　02

　　The "4 18" major suffocation accident occurred in Shenghefu construction site in Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City.

　　At 17: 00 on April 18th, 2020, when the earthwork was dumped at the construction site of Shenghefu in Yuanyang County, an earthwork was buried and suffocated, resulting in the death of four children and a direct economic loss of 4.85 million yuan.

　　Direct cause: the construction unit dumped earthwork and buried four children without command, causing an accident.

　　The main lessons: First, the safety rules and regulations of the construction unit Qunying Company are not perfect, education and training are not in place, full-time security officers are not equipped as required, and safety protection facilities and warning signs are not set on the job site; The site management of Zhongfu Company, the construction unit, was chaotic, and it borrowed the qualification for construction, dismembered the contracted project in violation of regulations, and organized the construction without obtaining the construction permit and safety and quality supervision procedures. Second, the county urban management bureau did not find that the unlicensed construction behavior of enterprises was not stopped and investigated. The Housing and Construction Bureau only issued a rectification notice for the unlicensed construction behavior and failed to hand it over according to the regulations, resulting in the illegal behavior not being stopped and investigated in time. Third, the public opinion control and on-site control of relevant departments are weak, which has a great negative impact.

　　03

　　The "5 28" major poisoning and suffocation accident occurred in the rainwater connection project of Rongxiao Road in Xinxiang City.

　　At 19: 13 on May 28, 2020, a hydrogen sulfide poisoning suffocation accident occurred in the manhole of the rainwater connection project at the intersection of Dongming Avenue and Rongxiao East Road in Xinxiang, causing three deaths and direct economic losses of 3.62 million yuan.

　　Direct cause: the construction unit violated the rules and regulations, and the workers did not take effective protective measures, which led to poisoning and suffocation, and the consequences of blind rescue expanded.

　　Main lessons: First, the specification of "ventilation first, then detection, then operation" was not implemented, isolated respiratory protective equipment was not equipped as required, safety ropes were not used as required, and casualties were enlarged due to blind rescue. Second, the construction unit Xinjian Company has no construction qualification and no safety production license to undertake labor service operations in violation of regulations, and the on-site management is chaotic, education and training are not in place, and the downhole personnel are not qualified for operation; Xinxiang Municipal Company, the construction unit, subcontracted the engineering labor service operations to units that did not have the qualification for subcontracting, and the safety management system was not perfect, and education and training were not in place. Third, the Municipal Bureau of Housing and Urban-Rural Development "blacked out" the supervision of subordinate units’ projects, and did not conscientiously perform the duties of inspection and inspection of construction projects.

　　04

　　The "June 22nd" explosion accident of Min ‘an Blasting Service Co., Ltd. in Luanchuan County, Luoyang City.

　　At 14: 49 on June 22, 2020, after the blasting operation of Guoxiang marble mine in Luanchuan County, the remaining explosives were stored in an abandoned cave in Heigou Formation, Bailu Village, Luanchuan Township, Luanchuan County, and exploded, causing the mountain to collapse, resulting in two deaths and one missing, with a direct economic loss of 11.59 million yuan.

　　Direct cause: explosion caused by illegal storage of explosives and improper operation by operators.

　　The main lessons: First, Luanchuan Min ‘an Blasting Service Co., Ltd. illegally set up temporary explosive storage points in caves with unsafe conditions in the mining area, and arranged unqualified personnel to carry civil explosives. Lack of safety management system, illegal attachment of blasting operators, chaotic management of explosives, and unclear collection and flow of explosives; Luanchuan Guoxiang Marble Mine Co., Ltd. was lax in safety management, used personnel without blasting license to operate, and failed to return the remaining explosives after blasting as required. Second, the county public security bureau failed to crack down on the unlicensed production, operation, transportation, trading and use of explosives, neglected the supervision of the qualifications of blasting workers, and the examination and approval of explosives was unreasonable; The county science and technology bureau failed to perform its supervision and management duties according to the government division of labor; The county emergency bureau failed to perform its duties of supervision and inspection in time.

　　05

　　The "June 27" drainage reconstruction project of Huanglong industrial cluster in Xiangfu District, Kaifeng City was seriously poisoned and suffocated.

　　At 14: 25 on June 27th, 2020, a poisoning and suffocation accident occurred in the rainwater integrated pumping station of the drainage reconstruction project in Huanglong Industrial Cluster, Xiangfu District, Kaifeng City, resulting in three deaths and direct economic losses of 2.25 million yuan.

　　Direct cause: the construction unit violated the rules and regulations, did not take effective protective measures to cause accidents, and blindly rescued the consequences.

　　Main lessons: First, the operators failed to detect and ventilate, failed to equip with isolated respiratory protective equipment and use safety ropes as required, and failed to take protective measures for blind rescue. Second, Henan Lin Run Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. has no full-time safety officer, and the qualifications of the project manager and safety officer of the office located in different places (Kaifeng) are illegally linked, failing to perform on-site duties, and the safety management organization is nominal and the safety management is lacking. Third, the District Housing and Construction Bureau failed to supervise and guide enterprises as required, and the Huanglong Industrial Cluster in Xiangfu District lacked inspection and supervision over the safety work of its subordinate departments.

　　06

　　The "7 18" suffocation accident of Min Nong Noodle Products Co., Ltd. in Wuzhi County, Jiaozuo City.

　　At 18: 00 on July 18th, 2020, a production worker fell into a starch settling tank in Jiaozuo Bennong Noodle Products Co., Ltd., Zhangcaiyuan Village, Zhandian Town, Wuzhi County, killing six people.

　　Direct cause: an employee fell into a material tank for poisoning and suffocation due to illegal operation, and the consequences were enlarged due to blind rescue.

　　The main lessons: First, Jiaozuo Bennong Noodle Products Co., Ltd. did not produce illegally without permission, did not organize hidden dangers investigation, lacked safety management system and safety training, and did not carry out the instructions of relevant departments to stop production without authorization. Second, Zhangcaiyuan Village illegally rents non-construction land; The county market supervision bureau failed to implement the responsibilities of "three controls and three musts", failed to carry out "cracking down on illegal activities", failed to seriously verify the situation of unlicensed production enterprises found in inspections, and failed to report and report according to regulations; County Natural Resources Bureau failed to supervise the illegal use of land. Third, there are a large number of hidden dangers and violations of laws and regulations in "small, scattered and chaotic" enterprises, and the conditions for safe production are seriously insufficient. Most of them are labor-intensive enterprises, which are easy to cause mass deaths and injuries.

　　07

　　The "July 30" fire accident occurred in Ruyi mattress curtain wholesale store in Luyi County, Zhoukou City.

　　At 05: 30 on July 30, 2020, a fire accident occurred in Ruyi Mattress Curtain Wholesale Store in Gaoji Township, Luyi County. The fire area was about 176 square meters, causing five deaths and direct property losses of 209,000 yuan.

　　Direct cause: The electrical circuit fault ignited the color steel board house and the surrounding combustible materials to produce toxic gas, which led to the poisoning and suffocation of the illegal residents.

　　The main lessons: First, Ruyi Mattress Curtain Wholesale Store violated the rules of "three-in-one" operation, illegally arranged for family members to stay in the business premises, did not set up an escape route in the store, stored a large number of flammable materials such as polyurethane sponge to block the evacuation route, and the wiring was not standardized. Second, the village Committee, the police station and the township emergency office repeatedly found that the store’s stacked goods blocked the safety exit and illegally occupied people, issued a rectification notice to follow up and urge the rectification to be inadequate, and failed to hand it over to the fire rescue department for investigation; The township natural resources management center and the comprehensive law enforcement office did not investigate and deal with the illegal construction of color steel board houses. Third, the government of the township party committee failed to establish a fire station and a 24-hour full-time and part-time emergency rescue team as required, and was not equipped with fire rescue equipment, so the emergency response was unprofessional, untimely and unscientific. Fourth, major fire hazards such as illegal "all-in-one" places and color steel board houses exist in large numbers in rural market towns.

　　08

　　"8 6" liquefied gas leakage poisoning suffocation accident in Yinji steamed bun shop, Baiyang Town, Yiyang County, Luoyang City

　　At 7: 00 a.m. on August 6th, liquefied gas leaked from the facade of Yinji Steamed Mofang in baiyang village District, Baiyang Town, Yiyang County, killing three people and injuring one.

　　The direct cause: insufficient combustion of liquefied gas in the steam engine of Zhengmofang produced carbon monoxide and accumulated, resulting in one person being poisoned and suffocated, and two people being poisoned and suffocated one after another due to improper rescue.

　　The main lessons: First, the operator of Yinji Steaming Workshop illegally installed a gas steam engine in the closed room where people lived, and found that the rescue was not timely after people were poisoned. Second, the town government, market supervision, gas management, public security and other departments are not in place in safety publicity and education, and the investigation of hidden dangers is not comprehensive, and the investigation and punishment of unlicensed business behavior is weak, and the law enforcement supervision of individual operators is lacking.

　　09

　　The "9.23" major road traffic accident in Yuzhou section of provincial highway S235 Xuchang City.

　　At 7: 56 on September 23, 2020, a road traffic accident occurred in Bailong Village, Huashi Town, Yuzhou Section of S235 Provincial Highway, killing 4 people and injuring 14 others.

　　Direct causes: the minibus was overloaded and did not follow the traffic rules, and the braking distance of the large truck exceeded the specified requirements due to poor braking system. The two causes interacted to cause an accident.

　　The main lessons: First, Dongsheng Kindergarten in Huashi Town, Yuzhou City has no personnel of safety management system and no responsibility system for hidden dangers investigation, and long-term use of non-standard school buses to pick up students; Qinyang Hongqi Automobile Transportation Co., Ltd. and Qinyang Haoyu Logistics Co., Ltd. are affiliated to operate, but their legal representatives and actual controllers are not qualified for posts, and their training records are falsified. Second, the municipal education body, public security traffic control, highways, etc. are not serious about the daily supervision of rural schools to pick up and drop off students’ vehicles, failing to find and investigate the long-term use of non-compliant school buses to pick up students and serious overcrowding, and failing to find and correct the lack of safety warning signs and unclear signs at accident intersections. Third, the problem of private cars serving as school buses in rural schools exists in large numbers, and the problem of coordinated supervision by departments is prominent.

　　10

　　"11 20" major road traffic accident in Huaibin County, Xinyang City

　　At 5 o’clock on November 20, 2020, Xie Songsong drove the heavy dump truck KQ3062 from Anhui to the 930KM+750M section along the National Highway 220, and rushed into the funeral crowd in Wutong Village, Zhangzhuang Township, killing 9 people and injuring 4 others.

　　Direct cause: The driver drives a truck with substandard braking system, speeding, and fails to observe the road surface and take improper measures, resulting in an accident.

　　The main lessons: First, the rules and regulations of Anhui Fuyang Songbai Logistics Co., Ltd. are not perfect, the driver safety education and vehicle maintenance records are falsified, and the important links of safety management are missing. Second, Fuyang yingdong district Highway Transportation Management Office, Fuyang Traffic Police Detachment No.3 Brigade and Huaibin County Traffic Police Brigade failed to perform their duties of safety supervision, and failed to investigate and deal with illegal acts of accident enterprises in time. Third, the Party Committee and Government of Zhangzhuang Township in Huaibin County failed to effectively carry out road traffic safety publicity, and failed to find and stop the behavior of burying coffins after cremation, burning a lot of paper, affecting traffic sight and occupying roads illegally. (Text/Yin Xinyu)

　　 　The national conference on propaganda and ideological and cultural work was held in Beijing. The most important achievement of this conference was to formally put forward and systematically expound the cultural thought of the supreme leader, emphasizing "continuously strengthening the study, research and interpretation of the cultural thought of the supreme leader, and consciously implementing it in all aspects and the whole process of propaganda and ideological and cultural work". The cultural thought of the Supreme Leader is the cultural chapter of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, which provides a powerful ideological weapon and scientific action guide for doing a good job in propaganda and cultural work in the new era and new journey and shouldering a new cultural mission.

　　1. Deeply understand the great significance of the supreme leader’s cultural thought.

　　 　To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must have theoretical thinking for a moment; Building a socialist modern country in an all-round way is inseparable from the guidance of scientific theory for a moment. In the field of cultural construction, it is necessary to lead by pluralism and neutrality, seek consensus in diversity, set the direction in change, establish the heart for the country and the soul for the nation, and it is even more inseparable from the shining of truth. In-depth study and implementation of the supreme leader’s cultural thought is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for doing a good job in propaganda and ideological and cultural work in the new era and new journey, for building a strong country, for national rejuvenation, for raising the flag, and for long-term stability.

　　 　This means that Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era of enriching and developing the supreme leader has made new landmark achievements. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has put forward a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies in the aspects of reform, development and stability, internal affairs, foreign affairs and national defense, and governing the party, country and army, scientifically answering the questions of China, the world, the people and the times, and creating and constantly enriching and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era. The "Ten Definitions", "Fourteen Persistences" and "Thirteen Achievements" put forward by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee summarized the main contents of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward "six musts", which outlined the world outlook, methodology and standpoint and method of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the supreme leader in the new era. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army, economic thought, ecological civilization thought, diplomatic thought and rule of law thought formed in various fields have made its scientific theoretical system increasingly extensive and profound. The supreme leader’s cultural thought not only has the innovation and breakthrough in cultural theory, but also has the deployment requirements of cultural work layout, which indicates that our party’s understanding of the law of cultural construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics has reached a new height, indicating that our party’s historical self-confidence and cultural self-confidence have reached a new height.It marks that the new ideas, new viewpoints and new conclusions of our party in the field of propaganda and ideological and cultural work in the new era have achieved a systematic leap and creative sublimation, making the theoretical system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s ideological science of the supreme leader in the new era more systematic, comprehensive, logical, rich in connotation and internally unified.

　　 　This means that the party leadership’s propaganda and ideological and cultural work condenses the new essence of the times. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has placed propaganda and ideological and cultural work in an important position in governing the country, attended a series of important meetings, delivered a series of important speeches, and made a series of important instructions. He has made overall planning, classified guidance, deployment and promotion in various fields such as online information, literature and art, journalism, philosophy and social sciences, ideological and political education, and cultural inheritance and development, and guided the propaganda and ideological and cultural undertakings to achieve historic achievements and make historic changes in raising the flag and clearing the roots. In this process, the leadership, management, discourse, cultural self-confidence, new cultural mission and "two combinations" of ideological work have been put forward one after another and constantly improved. This series of theoretical creations has strung together the ideological development track from the original breakthrough of one thought point to the original breakthrough of many thought points, and then to the overall improvement of the ideological and theoretical system. It can be seen that the cultural thought of the supreme leader is the inevitable result of the continuous accumulation and sublimation of our party’s new ideas, new ideas and new judgments on cultural construction in the new era. This important thought fully reflects the fact that the theoretical achievements of cultural construction in the new era are becoming more and more perfect in systematization, physics and chemistry, which indicates that our party has reached a new height in its understanding of the law of cultural construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, its original contribution to Marxist cultural theory, and its historical and cultural self-confidence.It is a milestone in the development history of the party’s propaganda, ideological and cultural undertakings.

　　 　This means that the new era, the new journey and the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation have created a new guide to action. It is our new cultural mission in the new era to continue to promote cultural prosperity, build a cultural power and build a modern civilization of the Chinese nation at a new starting point. To accomplish this new mission, there are many new contradictions, new problems and new challenges, and there are laws to follow, which need to be guided by scientific theories. Under the guidance of the supreme leader’s cultural thought, we should better raise the banner, gather people’s hearts, educate new people, promote culture and display image, unify more than 98 million party member’s thoughts with those of the CPC Central Committee, lead more than 1.4 billion people’s thoughts under the banner of the Party, and unite the majestic forces to promote the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation. In the international situation where the world changes rapidly in the past century and the international environment has undergone profound changes, we will not only strengthen our ambition to be Chinese, but also embrace all kinds of world civilizations with an open mind, and constantly enhance the national cultural soft power and the influence of Chinese culture. Under the new situation of the rapid development of information technology and the emergence of media matrix, we should better grasp the leadership, management and discourse power of ideological work in our hands, turn the variable of Internet into the increment of career development, and gather online and offline concentric circles. Under the guidance of the supreme leader’s cultural thought, we will better strengthen our cultural self-confidence, uphold openness and tolerance, persist in being upright and innovative, solve a series of problems faced by propaganda and ideological and cultural work with the wisdom of knowing change, the way to adapt to change and the courage to seek change, and open up a new world of career development.

　　2. Accurately grasp the distinctive features of the supreme leader’s cultural thought.

　　 　Accurately grasping the important characteristics of the supreme leader’s cultural thought is the key to fully understand the core essence and spiritual essence of this important thought. The cultural thought of the supreme leader is rich in connotation and profound in exposition. It is a theoretical summary of the practical experience of the party’s leadership culture construction in the new era, which enriches and develops Marxist cultural theory and realizes the internal unity of scientificity, popularity, practicality and openness.

　　 　Access to truth, through rigorous scientific. The supreme leader’s cultural thought, with scientific theoretical category, strict logical structure and profound historical vision, incorporated cultural self-confidence into Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s "four self-confidences", incorporated the adherence to the socialist core value system into the basic strategy of adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, clearly publicized the mission and task of ideological and cultural work "raising the banner, gathering people’s hearts, cultivating new people, rejuvenating culture and displaying image", and put forward a major conclusion of "two combinations". He profoundly answered the important theoretical and practical questions such as what flag to raise, what road to take, what principles to adhere to and what goals to achieve in building Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture. This important thought is a systematic, logical and interconnected scientific theoretical system, which enriches and develops Marxist cultural theory and broadens the road of cultural development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　 　The people’s nature of serving the people and casting souls. Comrade Mao Zedong once pointed out at the Yan ‘an Forum on Literature and Art: "The question of why people are a fundamental question and a question of principle." The cultural thought of the supreme leader always adheres to the mass viewpoint and mass line, which fully embodies the basic principle of historical materialism that the people are the creators of history. This important idea requires that we should persist in serving the people and socialism, that a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend, that we should persist in creative transformation and innovative development, and that we should constantly create new glories of Chinese culture. This important idea requires adhering to the people-centered creative orientation, putting the people in the highest position in the heart, taking people’s satisfaction and dissatisfaction as the highest standard to test art, and creating more excellent works that meet people’s cultural needs and enhance people’s spiritual strength. This important idea requires that social benefits should be put in the first place, social benefits and economic benefits should be unified, cultural undertakings and cultural industries should be developed in an all-round way, and more and better spiritual food should be provided for the people.

　　 　The practicality of achieving the purpose of the body and connecting the body with the use. Marx said, "All social life is practical in essence", "Philosophers only explain the world in different ways, and the problem is to change the world". The viewpoint of practice is the basic viewpoint of Marxist epistemology, and practicality is a remarkable feature that distinguishes Marxist theory from other theories. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the historical initiative, extraordinary theoretical courage, outstanding political wisdom and strong mission of Marxist politicians, thinkers and strategists, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has adhered to and strengthened the Party’s overall leadership over propaganda and ideological and cultural work, strengthened his self-confidence in continuing the history and culture, charted a blueprint path for building a strong cultural country, made clear the mission and tasks of propaganda and ideological and cultural work, and pushed the propaganda and ideological and cultural construction to open a new chapter. The cultural thought of the supreme leader has both epistemology and methodology, both the overall guidance at the macro level and the practical path at the specific level, which shows the distinctive characteristics of this important thought, and shows great power in the construction of socialist culture in China.

　　 　Keep pace with the times and develop continuously. Time is the mother of thought and practice is the source of theory. "Marx has repeatedly warned people that Marxist theory is not a dogma, but a guide to action and must develop with the changes in practice." The cultural thought of the supreme leader is an open and continuous ideological system, which will be enriched and developed with the deepening of practice. From August 2018, the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work summarized the regular understanding of propaganda and ideological work with "nine persistences" to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which focused on cultural construction from five aspects; From the profound exposition of "two combinations", especially "the second combination" and the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation in June 2023 to the important requirements of "seven efforts" in this important instruction, the connotation is very rich and the discussion is extremely profound. These new ideas, viewpoints and conclusions are the theoretical summary of the practical experience in the construction of the Party’s leadership culture in the new era, and are the fundamental follow-up for doing a good job in propaganda and ideological and cultural work, which must be persistently implemented and continuously enriched and developed for a long time.

　　3. Based on the new era and new journey, thoroughly study, publicize and implement the cultural thought of the supreme leader.

　　 　The value of theory lies in guiding practice, and the purpose of learning lies in application. In the new era and new journey, to study, publicize and implement the cultural thoughts of the supreme leader, we should base ourselves on the new situation and new tasks of accelerating the evolution of the world’s unprecedented great changes in the past century, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation entering a critical period, and the coexistence of strategic opportunities and risk challenges, and work hard to learn, believe and use, deepen the internalization and transformation, continuously improve the political position, deepen understanding and recognition, and promote the implementation of the transformation.

　　 　Raise your political position. Political position is the most fundamental, basic and important position for party member cadres. It is necessary to thoroughly study and implement the cultural thought of the Supreme Leader at a height related to the party’s future and destiny, strengthen the party’s overall leadership over propaganda and ideological and cultural work, implement political responsibilities, resolutely and effectively prevent and resolve ideological risks, and solidly promote cultural construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should thoroughly study and implement this important thought from the perspective of national foundation and national movement, deeply realize that "spiritual poverty is not socialism", widely practice socialist core values, and improve the construction of innovative spiritual civilization. Standing at a height related to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we should thoroughly study and implement this important thought, constantly consolidate the common ideological foundation of the United struggle of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, cast a solid sense of the community of the Chinese nation, and make all ethnic groups hold together like pomegranate seeds in the big family of the Chinese nation, thus providing strong ideological guarantee, strong spiritual strength and favorable cultural conditions for comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　 　Deepen understanding and recognition. Only by understanding can we agree; Only when you agree with it will you consciously practice it. It is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive understanding and mastery of the cultural thought of the Supreme Leader, and link it with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, instead of studying it unilaterally; Learn by systematically grasping its basic viewpoints and scientific system, rather than learning piecemeal; Develop geoscience in combination with the propaganda of ideological and cultural work in the new era, rather than static geoscience. Grasp the Marxist standpoint and method that runs through it, and learn the housekeeping skills of doing a good job in propaganda and ideological and cultural work. Deeply understand the decisive significance of "two establishment", constantly strengthen "four consciousnesses", strengthen "four self-confidences", achieve "two maintenance", and enhance the political recognition of the supreme leader’s cultural thought; Deeply understand the essence and charm of this important thought and enhance ideological identity; Deeply understand the milestone significance of this important thought in the development history of Marxist cultural theory, and enhance theoretical recognition; Deeply understand the people’s feelings and mission of this important thought, and enhance emotional identity.

　　 　Promote the implementation of transformation. Only by transforming and implementing ideas can we constantly show our great power. We should consciously use the supreme leader’s cultural thought to guide the practice of cultural construction in the new era, master the leadership methods, thinking methods and working methods contained therein, and constantly improve our political ability, thinking ability and practical ability to do a good job in propaganda and ideological and cultural work in the new era and new journey. Apply the cultural thought of the supreme leader to the implementation of the strategic deployment of cultural construction at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, earnestly enhance the sense of responsibility and mission, and implement the requirements of various tasks in a precise and detailed manner with the spirit of nailing nails. Turn the learning achievements into a strong driving force to overcome difficulties and start businesses, be good at using this important idea to solve various contradictions in the field of propaganda, ideological and cultural work, consolidate and expand the mainstream ideological public opinion in the new era, and show new weather and new actions in the practice of building a socialist cultural power and building a modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

　　 　(Author: National Defense University Supreme Leader New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center Author: Liu Guangming, Wang Qiang, Peng Chunlin)

Xiaonan heard that this winter is very cold, but Xiaonan is still very lucky, not only active in warm areas, but also talking with animals all the time! Love! Love (Xiao Nan is by no means a single bird! ), hugging little lions in South Africa, hooking up with slow sloths in the Amazon rainforest, and going deep into the forests of Indonesia to find orangutans. ……

However, many things are not as simple as imagined, just as even the best couples still have misunderstandings and contradictions with each other. As a common good friend of animals and human beings, Xiaonan often faces the question of "stepping on two boats with one foot".

-For example, in the Amazon rainforest, Xiaonan found many things, which are much more complicated than expected. If you don’t believe me, you can see how Mr. Huang, who is with Xiao Nan, "struggles internally" in the following article.

Wen Miao Huang Hongxiang

On the Amazon | sherry

"This is not the real Amazon rainforest. Look around, there are low shrubs and tall trees have disappeared. "

With the roar of the motor of the small wooden boat and the agitation of the Amazon river, pointing to the "forest" on both sides of the strait that tourists are moved by, our orientation has made us sigh like this. He has been to the depths of the Amazon river basin, where the trees are towering, and the banks can see flying macaws and drinking leopards.

In our location, around Iquidos, the capital city of the Amazon rainforest region in Peru, such forests and animals no longer exist because of logging and human activities.

Trees along the Amazon River are no longer "towering" | Huang Hongxiang　

The indigenous people here have also lived a modern life. They will only take off their clothes when tourists arrive and perform the gesture of "primitive tribe". After work, they will put on T-shirts to watch TV and soak in bars.

Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest with the richest biodiversity in the world. It is called the lung of the earth. 60% of this rainforest is in Brazil and 13% in Peru. From Peru’s point of view, 60% of the country is Amazon rainforest.

On the Amazon | sherry

It is saying goodbye to us: the rainforest is disappearing rapidly because of various reasons such as timber industry, oil exploitation, road development and rubber planting; River water has been polluted more and more because of mining and chemical industry. A large number of wildlife smugglers grab wild animals from the forest and sell them to zoos and local tyrants all over the world.

Of course, on the way to say goodbye, the rainforest is not without some struggles, even if it is twisted and wriggling, not too elegant. And this may also be the epitome of the global animal protection and environmental protection.

Eco-tourism: disturbing animals or keeping them at gunpoint?

Trying to tear off Teman’s Goma map | Huang Hongxiang

Goma leaned the wooden boat against the shore, struggled to pull a rich vine three or four meters high among the trees, and finally pulled it off.

"See the sloth’s face?" Goma pointed to the sloth that was exposed because the cover was torn off and began to crawl higher slowly, and smiled at us innocently.

Silhouette of "Exposed" sloth | Huang Hongxiang

Goma is the local guide of a leading travel agency on an internationally renowned travel platform, and this company takes "responsible travel" as its publicity highlight.

During the three-day and two-night trip, he dutifully helped tourists to see as many animals as possible at close range and gain a deeper and three-dimensional jungle experience: he would feed bananas to wild monkeys with long wooden poles, so that they could come to the branches and leaves of the river bank from the high treetops;

Goma feeds bananas to monkeys in trees on the shore | sherry

He will grab the small caiman in the water with his bare hands during the night flight and take photos for tourists. He will also help tourists catch piranhas and bring them back to the camp to become the food of the guests.

Follow Goma to catch small crocodiles at night | Huang Hongxiang

Seeing the palm-sized piranha being strung on a stick and its mouth moving, I felt a little uncomfortable. I remembered the experience of another ecological trip in Ecuador six years ago: the guide caught piranha, took pictures of us and then threw it back into the water.

At that time, I wondered whether these fish could survive even if they were put back into the water, and whether this kind of eco-tourism that would bring harm to wild animals was "ecological" enough, or compared with the "pot calling the kettle black" that directly hunted animals.

At that time, I desperately wanted to maximize the interests of animals. Therefore, in my critical eyes, eco-tourism is not good enough. The most "ecological" way should be that humans should never set foot in this rainforest. Otherwise, even the floating gasoline on the river brought by ships, the huge roar of motors and the activities when tourists approach may be disturbing animals.

Compared with the trip in Ecuador, I saw a series of great disturbances to animals, and my doubts were even stronger this time.

Will the initial intention of eco-tourism be gradually forgotten in commercialization, or are we slipping from "fifty steps" to "one hundred steps" unconsciously?

I returned to Iquidos from the jungle with doubts and met the hospitable boss in a Chinese restaurant. He told us that the Chinese bought a lot of jaguar teeth here. It is illegal for Chinese to hunt jaguars, so they just tell the aborigines who have the right to hunt legally that they are willing to buy them, and the aborigines will hunt them.

In the past, the aborigines only killed jaguars when they were threatened, and the amount of hunting was very small, maybe one or two a year. Today, however, nearly 100 leopards in this area have become tiger teeth in the hands of Chinese to ward off evil spirits and tiger whips to strengthen yang every year. In a few years, the jaguar tooth has changed from a few sols (one sol is about two yuan) to a few hundred or even thousands of sols.

Piranha map provided by Amazon Rainforest Restaurant | sherry

"The number is getting smaller and smaller," local hunters will sigh. Then they stepped up hunting, because "staying there will be killed by others and the money will be earned by others."

"We used to kill a lot of monkeys, tigers and cats and other animals here. Today, because of tourism, we kill a lot less. After all, we can make money by showing tourists." Goma told us.

A photo taken in this Amazon eco-hotel.

In his village, because of the eco-hotel where he works, the income of villagers increases every year. In order to please tourists, the aborigines have to say that they are disturbing wild animals on a scale different from that of hundreds of years ago, but at least they are no longer hunting wild animals.

Breeding and export of wild animals

Turning animals into playthings or replacing illegal capture?

Brother Yu counted the capybara in the yard and proudly told us that he exported 80% of the legal capybara in China Zoo and Mengchong Paradise.

Interactive picture of capybara between Zhongnanwu students and Yuge’s family | Huang Hongxiang

Yuge, from Shanghai, is in his forties this year. He runs the top three local animal export companies in Iquidos, Peru. What he has done is to export all kinds of capybara, monkeys, macaws, reptiles and tropical fish from the Amazon rainforest to China Zoo and Mengchong Paradise. His family has a long-tailed tiger cat, a wild animal with beautiful fur in the Amazon rainforest.

Holding brother Yu’s long-tailed tiger cat

Zoos, cute pet parks and animal trade are sensitive topics for international animal protectors today. A few years ago, Zimbabwe sold a batch of baby elephants to China Zoo. Although it was legal, it still attracted many people’s criticism. It is criticized by many people to take the elephant away from his parents and send it to other distant villages for people to enjoy, but it is easy to die in the process.

"Boycott zoos, aquariums, contact with animals and taking photos with animals" is the political correctness of many environmentalists today.

But is it really that simple?

According to Yu Ge, their animal sources must be legal: they were seized from poachers, or they were rescued wild animals that could not be released. After getting these animals, they will breed and export their offspring. These animals have a strict numbering and recording system, and the legal export of an animal takes up to half a year.

The tortoise map that Yuge’s family will import to China in the future | Huang Hongxiang

Faced with the demand for animals from zoos and even private buyers all over the world, such a system is bound to be in short supply. Brother Yu knew an American who was in Iquidos and focused on raising snakes. He had an extremely rare jade tree, and after waiting for 20 years, he could not find another one to pair with, so it was hard to say when he could breed.

Even so, he refused to buy jadeite trees from illegal sources.

Therefore, in fact, there is a large amount of illegal animal trade today: smugglers directly buy wild animals from local people and smuggle them around the world. The price of such animals may be a fraction of that of legal animals, and the delivery cycle is very short, so it can be delivered quickly.

Wildlife trade is the third largest illegal trade in the world after drugs and guns.

Different from drugs, the punishment of animal trade is still very light in many countries today, and it can often be fined. Smugglers are the least afraid of fines-an animal can be bought for hundreds of dollars in its place of origin, and it can be sold for tens of thousands of dollars or more in China. It’s no big deal to smuggle ten times and get caught several times.

"Today, China is the largest market for wildlife in the world, and a large number of wildlife are smuggled in the China market." Brother Yu told us that in fact, legal animal traders are on the opposite side of illegal animal traders-although no animal protection organization has ever cooperated with him to fight.

Many animal protection organizations and their sponsors are afraid of being seen standing with controversial people, even if cooperation can better protect animals.

Turtle meat sold in the market near the Amazon rainforest | sherry

Today, many animal breeding, traders and breeding bases have become white washing places for poaching animals. Brother Yu said that he didn’t do those illegal things, but only bred wild animals legally and sent them to zoos and cute pet parks to get close to people and play.

Not to mention whether it is really legal will be questioned, even if it is legal, because of many problems such as animal trafficking, contact, photo taking, etc., the business itself is also condemned.

Saved a turtle from the market and prepared to release it to the rainforest | Huang Hongxiang

How high a threshold should we set for animal protection?

As an investigator of international wildlife products trade, and as an educator concerned about animal protection and nature education, many people have asked me many questions about zoos, animal trade, animal contact and animal protection.

I always say that these things are very complicated and difficult to sum up in one word, and it is best not to let your existing prejudices stop you from hearing different voices.

Many people always like to see people and things from a black-and-white perspective: those who buy and sell ivory are heinous criminals; It is inhuman to take tourists hunting; Close contact with wild animals is to turn animals into playthings.

Photo taken with a sloth of a family in Amazon rainforest | sherry

I don’t support these behaviors, but after seeing the complicated aspects of the world, I am worried about oversimplifying judgment.

The world is not black and white, and we need to remember more that what we see may not be all. We need to listen more to what we don’t hear and understand people and things we don’t understand-especially when we want to find a solution to the problem instead of just "condemning" ourselves.

Smith, a friend of mine in South Africa, is engaged in "volunteer tourism". Every year, he sends a large number of volunteers from all over the world to a big cat base to get in close contact with several lions in the base. Those lions lost their ability to return to the wild because they were taken away by poachers and sold to zoos or rich people’s homes, and became pet lions accustomed to living with people, even after being rescued.

Walking with KAI, a little male lion growing up beside human beings | Banete

Many people attacked him, thinking that what he did violated the rules of animal protection-wild animals should not be in close contact with people and become pets and playthings.

Smith, who considers himself an animal protector, is very wronged:

"In a perfect world, people and wild animals should certainly not be in close contact. But the world is not perfect. Humans are constantly destroying the habitats of animals and hunting them. In this case, these individual animals have been unable to return to the wild for various reasons. Why can’t they interact with people on the premise of their comfortable life and play a certain educational role, so as to cultivate people’s love for animals, especially those who don’t like animals that much? Today, you don’t let people who don’t like animals themselves touch animals, saying that it violates animal protection ethics, but one day he may directly hunt animals or take away their habitats! "

Interview with Smith and park staff in South Africa

Smith called these animal protectionists Purist. These people live in their own world, have a lot of "should", speak a lot of terms, and judge others with these moral superiority, but they don’t realize that those who participate in their activities and recognize their propaganda are not those who would buy illegal animal products and hurt animals. They have long been separated from the public who really decide the fate of many animals in the world.

"They feel good about themselves, but they don’t really contribute much, because they just move in their own small circle."

Smith feels that every year, for various reasons, including the reason that it is not particularly "correct" to take photos with lions, international visitors who come to South Africa gradually like animals and develop the concept of animal protection in the project, which is a real contribution.

Close contact between the students and the little lion in the big cat park | ansen

"People who feel that there is something wrong with my project, please come to investigate in person to understand the specific situation. If there is any problem, please report it. Don’t come and have never been here. If you don’t investigate, you will be self-righteous."

He was a little angry with an American woman who tirelessly "reminded" everyone not to go to his project on facebook, because the American woman who said that their project was not good at all had never been to their base for investigation, or even to South Africa.

What Smith said resonated in my heart.

In the past few years, especially in the investigation, I have come into contact with too many people who are completely different from the "animal protectionists": they don’t like animals, don’t care about animal protection, and turn a blind eye to or even hate the education of various animal protection organizations. Therefore, the propaganda and education of animal protection organizations can’t touch them, but they are directly related to many behaviors that bring harm to animals and the environment.

In order to let them enter the world of animal protection, we may need to provide a low enough threshold-sometimes, the activities that can attract them are to feed the baby elephant, kiss the giraffe and take a walk with the lion.

Students walking with the little lion KAI Figure | Wang Zhen

Of course, a certain degree of guidance and education is needed in this process, and there are still many precautions in these activities, but at least, they came to us and gave us a chance to talk to them.

In the field of animal protection, today I have seen too many condemnations about zoos, contact with animals and taking photos with animals. However, I can’t deny my past:

When I was a very young child, it was precisely because my grandfather took me to the small zoo in my hometown where animals were kept in a small space every day and went to Mengchong Paradise to get in touch with all kinds of animals that I gradually became so fond of animals. If traced back, it may be the source of my ivory investigation, the establishment of Zhongnan House and my continued active work in animal protection.

Many western animal protectionists will tell me that people should go directly to Africa and South America to see wild animals, and zoos should not exist at all.

The truth seems right, but the question is, how many people have such economic strength and opportunities?

If such a small zoo and a cute pet paradise didn’t exist according to the wishes of Purist, I probably wouldn’t have the opportunity to get in touch with those animals and like them like those rich children living in developed areas.

It is definitely wrong to disturb wild animals, but when I hold a sloth, its body temperature makes me really feel warm and heart-warming, which is beyond my reach; It is probably wrong to turn wild animals into playthings, but when touching capybara, I really feel more impulse to protect these lovely animals.

Walking with elephants | Zhou Yuecheng

In wildlife protection, if zero step is to keep human beings completely away from the world of wildlife, what is the first step for the zoo to trade with legal animals? What is the first step to disturb the tourism of wild animals to some extent? What is the first step to play with the raised wild animals? What’s the first step in legal hunting? What is the next step in the illegal wildlife trade and mass killing of wildlife? In an imperfect world, if we can’t stop at all, where should we stop?

I haven’t been able to form an answer yet, and I don’t want to form an answer so soon, because the world is not black and white, and I still have too much to learn and understand humbly.

The plane climbed slowly, watching the Amazon jungle that I dreamed of when I was a child gradually go away, and I couldn’t help but get lost in thought about all kinds of contradictions. I also know that there is not much time left for us to meditate. Farewell, even if it is long, the Amazon rainforest is actually leaving us-maybe once she turns around, she just disappeared while waving.

Sunset map of Amazon rainforest | sherry

(The original title of this article is Fifty Steps and Hundred Steps of "Animal Protectors" in the Long Farewell to Amazon Rainforest, which was originally published in WeChat official account, Zhongnan House, to help China youth enter developing countries.)

　　On May 23, Nanning held a press conference to respond to the recent complaints from the general public and netizens about the high standard of road parking fees, unreasonable delineation of parking spaces and chaotic charging.

　　Hou Gang, deputy secretary of the Nanning Municipal Party Committee and mayor, said at the meeting that during this period, some citizens and netizens have reflected the problems of high road parking fees, unreasonable parking spaces and chaotic charges in our city, and made criticisms on our urban management work, which fully shows that everyone really loves Nanning, and it also shows that there are obvious shortcomings and deficiencies in our work in this regard. As the mayor of Nanning, I have a responsibility, because the government’s work is not done in place, which has brought inconvenience and influence to everyone’s work and life. These days, I feel deeply uneasy and blame myself. Here, on behalf of the municipal government, I would like to express my deep review and deep apologies to the general public.

　　All along, Nanning’s economic and social development has been concerned and helped by the people of the whole country, and has been actively participated and strongly supported by all citizens. It is precisely because of everyone’s concern and love for this city that the city of Nanning keeps growing and making progress. I would like to express my sincere thanks to all of you.

　　We attach great importance to the criticisms and opinions put forward by the general public and netizens, reflect deeply, act immediately, carry out relevant work, and rectify while finding problems. Today, we hold a press conference here to inform you about the relevant situation since this time.

　　Nanning has taken work measures:

　　The first is to further understand the public’s demands.Nanning organized nine research groups, led by leaders of Nanning, to go deep into the surrounding areas such as farmers’ markets, schools, supermarkets, small restaurants and residential quarters, to learn about the parking fees and management of urban roads on the spot, and to listen to the opinions and suggestions of citizens on parking space setting, optimizing and adjusting parking fees and improving the management service level. At the same time, through online means such as the 12345 mayor hotline and the portal website of the industry authorities, the channels for the masses to reflect their demands will be further unblocked. Nanning has set up a leading group for special work, and started the related work of soliciting opinions, price investigation and price hearing in an all-round way.

　　The second is to optimize road parking measures to facilitate the people and benefit the people.The price adjustment of urban road parking spaces is a major administrative decision. According to the law, the adjustment needs to go through legal procedures, and it will take some time for it to be formally implemented. According to the opinions reflected by the masses, Nanning adopted two transitional measures to establish and reform. First, adjust the free parking time of road parking spaces. According to the survey, citizens and friends understand parking charges, but generally hope to eat a bowl of powder for free. After research, from today, the free parking time of motor vehicles in road berths will be extended from 15 minutes to 30 minutes. On the one hand, it can not only "stop quickly and go quickly" to improve the use efficiency of limited parking spaces. On the other hand, it can meet the public’s time requirement of "eating a bowl of powder". Second, optimize the setting of road parking spaces. In areas with high parking demand, such as primary and secondary schools, kindergartens, etc., reasonable limited-time free parking spaces will be added. These two measures will expire when the new "Nanning Road Parking Parking Parking Service Charging Scheme" is implemented.

　　The third is to cancel the non-motor vehicle storage service fee.According to the problem of charging storage fees for non-motor vehicles strongly reflected by the masses in the survey, Nanning decided to cancel the existing parking storage service fees for non-motor vehicle parking areas from today, but continue to provide storage services, and the relevant expenses arising therefrom will be borne by the government.

　　The fourth is to send an audit team to Huibo Company to carry out the audit.From May 21st to June 15th, the audit team conducted a special audit investigation on the operation and management of urban road parking spaces. During the audit, you are welcome to send letters, letters and calls to reflect the relevant situation to the audit team realistically.

　　Fifth, Nanning Public Transport Group took over the operation and management of urban road parking spaces.From May 22nd, Huibo Company stopped operation, closed down for rectification and accepted audit, and Nanning Public Transport Group took over the operation and management of urban road parking spaces.

　　The sixth is to suspend the inspection of the relevant responsible persons.The Nanning Municipal Committee decided to suspend five people, including Zhao Hui, member of the party group and vice president of Qingxiu District Court, Liang Fangyan, member of the party group and director of the Executive Board of Qingxiu District Court, Liu Xuan, member of the party group and deputy director of the Municipal and Landscape Administration Bureau, Lai Hong, member of the Party Committee and deputy general manager of Nanning Public Transport Group, and Guo Zhihua, secretary of the Party branch and chairman of Huibo Company, for inspection.

　　The relevant departments are investigating and verifying the situation in depth, and will deal with it according to the results of the investigation and verification in accordance with the rules and regulations.

　　The next step in Nanning:

　　Nanning will adhere to the people-centered development idea, coordinate efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, continue to "visit people’s feelings, listen to people’s opinions and solve people’s worries", and constantly optimize the management of parking fees on urban roads to better meet the travel needs of the masses and improve the modernization level of urban governance system and governance capacity.

　　First, complete the price adjustment as soon as possible.According to the statutory time requirements for major administrative decisions, Nanning will hold a price hearing on time on June 21st to fully listen to the opinions and suggestions from all walks of life. Carry out legal procedures such as price investigation, cost investigation, listening to social opinions, price hearing, legality review and collective deliberation according to law, optimize and adjust parking fee standards as soon as possible, and pay close attention to the introduction of a new "Nanning City Road Parking Parking Parking Service Charging Scheme".

　　The second is to optimize and adjust the setting and management of parking spaces.Carry out sorting, investigation and evaluation of on-street parking spaces in Nanning, optimize the setting of on-street parking spaces, reasonably add free parking spaces, and effectively protect the parking needs and travel safety of citizens.

　　The third is to comprehensively improve the standard service level.Optimize and improve the parking fee management service, rationally allocate and efficiently manage the parking resources in urban roads, and strengthen the on-the-job training and assessment of staff, so that everyone can enjoy better parking services.

　　The fourth is to strengthen the supervision of road parking charges.Integrate more efforts to invest in the field of urban road parking management, strengthen inspection and supervision, strictly and fairly enforce the law, and severely investigate and punish arbitrary charges and other violations of price laws and policies.

　　The fifth is to continue to respond to the concerns of the masses.Open channels for complaints to citizens and friends, make public telephone numbers for feedback, listen to the opinions and suggestions of citizens and friends, and take the initiative to accept social supervision. At the same time, standardize the complaint handling process, investigate and handle the problems fed back by the 12345 hotline, internet, letters and visits at the first time, rectify them in place at the first time, respond positively at the first time, and safeguard everyone’s legitimate rights and interests.

　　At the press conferenceNanning pays attention to the general public and netizens.Respond one by one ↓ ↓

　　On the Legality of Urban Road Parking Charge

　　Road parking spaces are different from conventional parking lots, and the purpose is to meet the parking needs of citizens for temporary work. In order to avoid being occupied as a fixed parking space by neighboring merchants or residents for a long time, which will affect the parking of citizens who really need it, it is a common practice to improve the level of urban governance to properly charge parking spaces for the people on the premise of having a reasonable free parking time. Huibo Company was authorized by the municipal government to obtain the management right of urban road parking service in 2017. The charging standard is based on two policies. First, "Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Reform of Price Mechanism" is about "implementing a parking fee policy that is conducive to promoting the construction of parking facilities, alleviating urban traffic congestion, and effectively promoting the priority development of public transportation and the utilization of public road resources". Second, the Guiding Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the Ministry of Transport on Further Improving the Charging Policy for Motor Vehicle Parking Services on "Accelerating the Implementation of Differentiated Charging. Encourage all localities to implement different parking service charges in different regions, different locations, different models and different time periods, curb unreasonable parking demand and alleviate urban traffic congestion.

　　On Road Parking in NanningchargeThe problem of high standards

　　Judging from the recent investigation in Nanning and the situation reflected by the masses, there are some problems in the current charging standard in Nanning, such as short 15-minute free parking time, high accumulated charges for the whole day and unreasonable classification of individual lots. At present, Nanning has taken two transitional measures to establish and reform.

　　At present, Nanning has started a new round of procedures to optimize and adjust the road parking charge policy. According to the "Rules of Government Pricing Behavior", a hearing can be held within one month from the date of announcement. On May 21st, Nanning has issued relevant announcements.A hearing was held on June 21 to try to introduce a new policy at the end of June.

　　About netizens’ comments on Qingxiu District Court and Huibo CompanyDoubts about signing the Memorandum of Cooperation

　　Qingxiu District Court signed a Memorandum of Cooperation with Huibo Company, promising to open up a green channel and give "four priorities" treatment, which is contrary to the principle of fairness and justice.. The court independently exercises judicial power according to law, and should not give special care or commitment to a specific subject of a specific enterprise, but should uphold the principle of fairness, justice and equal treatment. On May 19th, after examination, the High Court of the Autonomous Region instructed Qingxiu District Court and Huibo Company to dissolve the Memorandum of Cooperation.

　　Nanning also noticed that some netizens questioned whether Huibo Company would use the court to recover parking arrears by signing the Memorandum of Cooperation, or include those who defaulted on parking fees in the list of untrustworthy enforcers.Upon verification, at present, Qingxiu District Court has not received a lawsuit filed by Huibo Company for parking arrears, and no one has been directly included in the list of untrustworthy enforcers by Qingxiu District Court for parking arrears.According to the relevant regulations of the Supreme People’s Court, only when the person subjected to execution fails to perform the obligations specified in the effective legal documents and has legal circumstances, will he be included in the list of people subjected to dishonesty.

　　According to the investigation, Qingxiu District Court signed the Memorandum of Cooperation with Huibo Company, the original intention of which was to use Huibo Company’s parking charge system to find the information of the executed person, improve the implementation rate and solve the problem of difficult implementation. However, this practice of Qingxiu District Court is very inappropriate. In view of the problems reflected in this matter, the courts in the city should profoundly learn lessons and draw inferences from others, constantly improve their ability to perform their duties according to law, and keep the last line of defense of fairness and justice.

　　About the existence of Huibo CompanyThe problem of marking parking spaces privately

　　On the problem of "Huibo Company has privately designated parking spaces". Nanning responded that the setting of parking spaces on urban roads was uniformly defined by the municipal public security traffic management department according to the "Specification for Setting Parking Spaces on Urban Roads".Huibo Company has no right to designate parking spaces without authorization.After verification, Huibo Company has not been found to have the above behavior.

　　About "Parking spaces on urban roads in some areas"The setting is not scientific and reasonable enough "

　　During the recent investigation, Nanning City found that there are indeed some places that are not scientific and reasonable enough. For example, some parking spaces are set on narrow roads, and some parking spaces are set too close to intersections, which affects the safety of vehicles and pedestrians.Next, Nanning plans to optimize and upgrade from the following three aspects:

　　First, quickly carry out the investigation and rectification of on-street parking spaces.Nanning will organize the investigation and evaluation of parking spaces on urban roads in the whole city, focusing on the problems that affect the access of fire engines, the traffic safety sight distance, and the narrow carriageway and traffic congestion caused by netizens. According to the evaluation results, timely rectification will be carried out to eliminate the hidden dangers that affect the safe and smooth road traffic.

　　The second is to add convenient parking spaces in specific areas.Focus on the surrounding areas of primary and secondary schools, kindergartens, etc., and reasonably add limited-time free parking spaces or parking belts to ensure the safety of citizens’ travel and parking demand.

　　The third is to establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for parking spaces.Comprehensive consideration of road and traffic conditions, parking demand, off-street parking facilities supply, parking utilization rate and other factors, fully listen to public opinions and suggestions, timely and dynamically optimize and adjust parking spaces.

　　On the issue of "Huibo Company’s loan of 7.2 billion yuan"

　　Some citizens and netizens pointed out that Huibo Company has a loan of 7.2 billion yuan, and Huibo Company has problems related to unreasonable charges, irregular charges by individual toll collectors and recovery of arrears. Nanning responded:

　　After verification, citizens and netizens pointed out that Huibo Company had a loan of 7.2 billion yuan.This is the financial institution’s evaluation value of Huibo Company’s operating right income in the next 25 years according to a qualified third-party evaluation agency, and there is no actual loan of 7.2 billion yuan.At present,A special audit team has been sent to conduct a comprehensive audit of the company’s production and operation, loan financing and other issues.If the audit finds violations of laws and regulations, the relevant departments will deal with the relevant responsible persons according to the law. In response to related problems, the Nanning Municipal Government instructed relevant departments and bus groups to set up reforms to ensure that the rectification was in place.

　　In view of the problems of arbitrary charges and irregular charges of individual toll collectors in Huibo Company, Nanning will seriously carry out special rectification and severely deal with those who violate the rules. At the same time, strengthen the education, training, supervision and management of staff, further improve the supervision system, plug loopholes, and effectively improve the quality and level of parking management services.

　　In view of the problems related to the recovery of arrears left by Huibo Company, Nanning has set up a special disposal team to investigate the problems in a realistic way and put forward targeted solutions on the basis of widely listening to the rationalization opinions of the citizens.

　　As early as 1939, Mao Zedong pointed out in the article "China Revolution and the Communist Party of China (CPC)" that the China Revolution had two tasks: national liberation and class liberation and modernization. The first task was completed with the establishment of People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, and the second task continues today. In this way, the Anti-Japanese War is a part of the new-democratic revolution, which exists in the process of dual tasks at the same time. It is not only an anti-aggression war, but also a social revolution, political power building and cultural innovation. Only by comprehensively understanding the Anti-Japanese War can we understand the origin, national nature and development logic of the People’s Republic of China and link the historical continuity between the Anti-Japanese War and New China.

　　Mao Zedong wrote in "On Protracted War": "Revolutionary war is an antitoxin, which not only eliminates the enemy’s poisonous flame, but also cleanses itself. Any just revolutionary war is very powerful. It can transform many things or open the way for transformation. The Sino-Japanese War will transform China and Japan; As long as China persists in the war of resistance and the United front, it will certainly be able to turn old Japan into new Japan and old China into new China, and people and things in China and Japan will be transformed after this war. " So, how did the Anti-Japanese War transform old China?

　　During the eight-year national anti-Japanese war, the armed forces led by the Communist Party of China fought against the enemy more than 125,000 times, annihilating more than 520,000 Japanese troops and 1.18 million puppet troops. Compared with these flat data, the media prefer to talk about all kinds of guerrilla tactics in Shan Ye’s dense forests, underground tunnels and green tents, but the media rarely touch on the ideological roots of these unconventional military means, that is, the line of national resistance proposed and implemented by the Communist Party of China, widely mobilize and organize the masses, take root in the countryside with the people, and surround the Japanese aggressors in the Wang Yang sea of the people’s war. This series of practices has completely changed the fragmented situation of "what is Dili for me" in the traditional society of China, and the regime has the ability to absorb grassroots resources and mobilize grassroots people for the first time. Liang Shuming concluded in "The Road to the Founding of the People’s Republic": "It turns out that groups cause struggles, and struggles promote groups. Group is actually associated with struggle, while laxity is related to peace. " It is at the critical juncture of national peril that the CPC mobilized the broad masses of peasants by means of class struggle, integrated resources with high degree of organization, flexible representation and super action, and finally completed the transformation of modern countries. The people are closely related to the fate of the country, and the country finally obtains its reality.

　　During the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese Communist Party developed 19 base areas behind enemy lines, covering an area of nearly 1 million square kilometers and a population of nearly 100 million. The base areas behind enemy lines have made remarkable achievements in economy, politics and culture, and laid the basic form of modern China. Politically, a "three-thirds system" democratic regime was established and three large-scale democratic elections were held. In order to let the illiterate peasants truly master politics, the base areas adopted election methods such as voting, drawing circles, marking roads, burning incense holes, throwing beans, decentralized voting, and moving ballot boxes. Qin Jin ballad sings: "Jin Doudou, Yindoudou and Doudou can’t vote casually, choose the right person, do a good job, and vote in the bowl of good people". For this reason, American journalist Smedley once described the bean selection of farmers in Jinzhong in "Battle Hymn of China", thinking that this is a more thorough universal suffrage than Britain and the United States. Economically, the base areas should adjust their strategies to reduce rents and interest rates in a timely manner to safeguard the anti-Japanese democratic United front. The Yan ‘an Mass Production Movement made the labor field public by means of political mobilization, and the military and civilians worked together, and leading cadres and ordinary people worked together, which not only successfully overcame material shortage, but also created equal politics in Yan ‘an period. The movement of reforming loafers has made labor a means to realize self-worth, and workers have gained dignity and hope for survival. Culturally, literature and art serving the workers, peasants and soldiers has become the basic principle of literature and art in the new China. The new literature and art, in a way that people like it, makes ordinary people "turn over" and "turn over their hearts" at the same time, shaping a new socialist.

　　Carlson, the captain of the US Marine Corps and a close confidant of President Roosevelt, went to Yan ‘an to observe and understand, and his attitude towards the Chinese Communist Party changed dramatically. Even right-wingers like Wilson Peterkin, the third leader of the US military observation group in Yan ‘an, praised the efforts made by the Chinese Communist Party at the grassroots level. Si Nuo’s Red Star over China regards Yan ‘an as a new beginning of Chinese civilization, while Latimer regards Yan ‘an as a continuation of China’s kingly way. However, the facts that even foreigners have seen are today framed as disgusting. "To destroy people and govern the country, we must first go to its history; It simplifies the war of resistance to Japan into a human tragedy or pure violence of "tearing the devil by hand", and consciously obliterates and ignores the class liberation, social revolution and political power construction in the anti-Japanese democratic base areas, which is the first nothingness in the memory of the current war of resistance to Japan.

　　After World War I, the geopolitical pattern of the world has undergone great changes: the decline of Europe, the rise of the United States, the birth of the Soviet Union, and the rise of a new global order and global vision. China’s tenacious struggle in the Asian battlefield held back Japan’s main military power and prevented it from going north and south, which made great contributions to the world anti-fascist war and profoundly influenced the post-war world pattern. The victory of the Anti-Japanese War dealt a blow to the colonial system of the imperialist world, created an international environment for the post-war colonial and semi-colonial liberation movement, and effectively rebuilt the world order. Japanese historian Yu Nabarun compares China’s war of resistance against Japan to playing chess, while Japan’s attack is similar to playing chess, which vividly reveals the differences of war thinking modes between China and Japan. It is with the help of grasping the world situation that the CCP can find opportunities in the unbalanced geographical pattern and finally win the war. It is undoubtedly the second nihility of the war of resistance against Japan to obliterate China’s world vision and efforts to rebuild the world order, ignore the Wang Daoism and civilization view of "Long live the great unity of the people of the world", turn it into narrow nationalism and pure hatred of Japan, and automatically give up China’s right to speak internationally.

　　The essence of talking about national liberation while ignoring class liberation and social revolution is to deny the unique modernization road of socialist China. Only talking about nationalism without talking about China’s revolutionary world vision and civilization concept will certainly encourage China’s threat theory and consolidate the existing hegemonic order. The essence of the struggle for the memory of the Anti-Japanese War is the difference between the concept of state and the concept of development. When we understand how all kinds of realistic political forces make history "diverted", crooked ways and evil ways can no longer be concealed.

Reading tips

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee took "ruling the country according to law" as the theme for the first time, and clearly and comprehensively promoted the rule of law, built Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system and built a socialist country ruled by law.

"Improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as the core and strengthen the implementation of the Constitution."

"To adhere to the rule of law, we must first adhere to the constitution, and to adhere to the rule of law must first govern according to the constitution."

"Improve the constitutional implementation and supervision system, improve the constitutional supervision system of the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee, and improve the procedural mechanism of constitutional interpretation."

……

The series of statements in the communiqué of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee are raising the full implementation of the Constitution to a new level, and have laid down a clear "road map" for comprehensively promoting and governing the country according to the Constitution, and then fully implementing the basic strategy of governing the country according to law.

党内重要文件首提“依宪治国”

党的十八届四中全会闭幕了，一张依法治国的新的“路线图”也由此展开。

“坚持依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国，坚持依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政。”这是新中国成立以来，中国共产党第一次在重要文件里明确提出“依宪治国”和“依宪执政”的概念。

著名法学家郭道晖对此格外看重。他和李步云、江平一起被学界尊称为中国“法治三老”，他说：“这是公报里一个重要的亮点，也是最高领袖总书记在几次会议上提到的。”

的确，当选中共中央总书记刚刚20天，最高领袖就在纪念现行宪法公布施行30周年大会上提出：“依法治国，首先是依宪治国；依法执政，关键是依宪执政”。今年9月他在全国人民代表大会成立60周年大会讲话中再次强调这一理念。

关注有关信息，多位专家认为，这次四中全会公报给出了一个明确的信号，只有推进依宪治国和依宪执政，才能将形式上的法治逐步上升为实质上的法治。

上海交通大学凯原法学院院长季卫东解读认为，对于党来说，依宪治国是一个要不要把统治建立在共识的基础上的问题，要不要履行对人民的承诺的问题，要不要使得整个法律体系不会发生矛盾、一以贯之的问题，更重要的是要不要保障人的基本权利。

Xiaomei Liu, an associate researcher at the Institute of International Law of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the leadership of the Party, the people being the masters of the country and the rule of law can form a platform by governing the country according to the Constitution, and the three can be unified under the Constitution.

Another expert explained that the life of law lies in its implementation, and the constitution is no exception. Without the comprehensive and effective implementation of the constitution, the goal of governing the country according to law cannot be truly realized. How the constitution is implemented can be regarded as a "yardstick" for governing the country according to law.

Insisting on governing the country according to the constitution still faces challenges and problems in concrete practice. Han Dayuan, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that civil servants, especially some senior cadres, have a weak constitutional concept, a weak constitutional consciousness and a lack of constitutional self-confidence on issues related to the core values and interests of the country, which leads to confusion of social values, damage to constitutional authority, and the phenomenon that the society does not act in accordance with the Constitution from time to time.

Mo jihong, vice president of china law society Constitutional Law Research Association, thinks that governing the country according to the constitution mainly refers to the specific strategies and methods of governing the country according to law. Governing the country according to law means that under the leadership of the party, the people are the masters of the country and govern the country according to the law, and the premise is the leadership of the party, and the key point is to govern the country according to the constitution.

Mo jihong said that every piece of legislation put forward in the communique is in line with the spirit of the Constitution. If legislation is not based on the Constitution, the Constitution will be shelved. Therefore, the communiqué of the Fourth Plenary Session particularly emphasized the guiding role of the Constitution in legislative work. To govern the country according to the constitution, we should do a good job in several tasks: constitutional implementation, constitutional interpretation and constitutional legislation.

Improve the constitutional supervision system, and the unconstitutional review will be ready.

The communiqué of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward: "Improve the system of constitutional implementation and supervision, and improve the system of constitutional supervision of the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee".

This is the first time that the "constitutional supervision system" was written into the important document of the the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Plenary Session after it was written into the 1982 Constitution.

"A timely investigation of unconstitutional acts is better than a thousand lectures on constitutional provisions and values." According to experts, during the 32 years since the "constitutional supervision system" entered the constitution, there has not been a constitutional review of a certain law, normative document or one of its provisions in China.

In this context, the new formulation of perfecting this system in the communique is particularly interesting. Among them, around "why should we implement constitutional supervision? Who will supervise? How to supervise? " Relevant experts made an interpretation.

"Without the supervision system, the constitution is a constitution without teeth." Li Buyun, a member of the Honorary Faculty of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that "to establish the authority of constitutional laws, we must establish a constitutional supervision system."

Guo Daohui, on the other hand, said that some laws and regulations and red-headed documents that only take care of the narrow interests of the department and local area, but infringe on the interests of the whole and citizens, and some administrative laws and regulations are ultra vires and violate the legislative procedures in formulating procedures, which are essentially unconstitutional.

The top leadership of the country has noticed that unconstitutional situations exist in different degrees throughout the country. On the 30th anniversary of the promulgation and implementation of the current Constitution, when talking about the shortcomings and problems in the implementation of the Constitution, the Supreme Leader pointed out that "the main performance is that the supervision mechanism and specific system to ensure the implementation of the Constitution are still not perfect".

At present, there are two kinds of unconstitutional review systems in the world, one is the unconstitutional review system of ordinary courts, and the other is the unconstitutional review system of specialized agencies, the names of which are mostly constitutional courts or constitutional committees.

Articles 62 and 67 of the Constitution of People’s Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulate that one of the functions and powers of the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee is to "supervise the implementation of the Constitution".

To improve this system, people in the legal field have concentrated their opinions on setting up a special constitutional supervision institution in the National People’s Congress.

Some experts pointed out that a basic common sense of constitutional science is that the ruling of constitutional disputes by the subject of constitutional supervision and unconstitutional review must be legally binding on all public authorities in the country, otherwise the relevant ruling will not be a real constitutional ruling.

A representative idea is that, on the basis of the existing nine special committees of the National People’s Congress, a constitutional supervision committee, composed of members of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and the most qualified jurists, can be set up to put forward opinions on unconstitutional review and report them to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), and finally the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress will discuss and decide.

"It is not of great significance to conduct an abstract review of the constitution, because it is unlikely that there will be a blatant violation of the explicit provisions of the Constitution." Ji Weidong believes that the unification of the legal system and the protection of human rights should be the two most important functions of unconstitutional review.

Improve the procedural mechanism of constitutional interpretation and make the constitution "live"

It is noteworthy that the Central Plenary Session with the theme of ruling the country according to law proposed to "improve the procedural mechanism of constitutional interpretation".

Ma Huaide, vice president of China University of Political Science and Law, explained: "This is a brand-new formulation, which puts forward specific requirements for the interpretation procedure of the Constitution. In fact, it is to make the Constitution’ live’."

"Many provisions of the Constitution are principled provisions and need to be explained in specific implementation." Mo jihong said that without constitutional interpretation, the implementation of the Constitution would fail.

Qin Qianhong, a professor at Wuhan University, believes that when the reform enters the deep water stage, there will often be "fights" between legislation and legislative and judicial interpretations. In order to unify the legal system, there must be a unified interpretation. No one can have the right to interpret the constitution, and everyone is a constitutional judge.

"In 1982, the Constitution was revised many times, which adapted to the development of the country and society to a certain extent. However, not all problems must be solved through constitutional amendment, and establishing a constitutional interpretation mechanism is one way. " Qian Hongdao, a professor at Zhejiang University, said.

Constitutional interpretation is considered as a shortcoming of the current rule of law construction by the legal circles. According to Article 67 of China’s Constitution, the first power exercised by the NPC Standing Committee is to "interpret the Constitution", but the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) has not exercised this power for many years.

Formulating the Constitutional Interpretation Procedure Law has become an important voice in the legal field in recent years, and some experts are committed to seeking the idea of "perfecting the constitutional interpretation procedure mechanism" on the basis of existing laws.

Focusing on the subject of constitutional interpretation, Wang Gongyi, former director of the Research Office of the Ministry of Justice, said: "We have a problem now, that is, replacing legal interpretation with a large number of judicial interpretations, and sometimes even replacing constitutional interpretation, which is not in line with the law."

Another jurist pointed out that under the current constitution and people’s congress system, it is absolutely impossible for ordinary courts (including the Supreme People’s Court) to interpret the constitution.

Focusing on activating the existing system or mechanism, experts suggest that the mechanism stipulated in Article 90 of the Legislative Law can be effectively linked with the constitutional interpretation.

Article 90 of the Legislative Law stipulates that five major organs may request constitutional review of regulations. These five organs include the State Council, the Central Military Commission (CMC), the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and the standing committees of people’s congresses of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

The article also stipulates that citizens can also put forward suggestions for constitutional review to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC): "If they think that administrative regulations, local regulations, autonomous regulations and separate regulations are in conflict with the Constitution or laws, they can submit a written request for review to the NPC Standing Committee, and the working organs of the Standing Committee will distribute it to the relevant special committees for review and comments."

Lin Laifan, a professor of constitutional law in Tsinghua University, thinks that citizens can activate the "procedural mechanism of constitutional interpretation" with the help of individual cases, because this mechanism is closely related to citizens’ interests and has sufficient motivation to activate constitutional interpretation.

(In-depth news reporter Dong Lilong comprehensively reported by Xinhua News Agency, People’s Daily, Guangming Daily and other media)

be relevant

What does "the leadership of the party" express in the communique for 13 times?

In the communiqué of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee with more than 5,000 words, there were 13 times of "Party leadership". Experts believe that this shows that the rule of law construction in China aims at strengthening the leadership of the Party, rather than promoting the Western-style political system.

"The leadership of the party is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the most fundamental guarantee of socialist rule of law." This important concept was written in the communique for the first time, and it was put forward: "It is a basic experience in the construction of socialist rule of law in China to implement the party’s leadership in the whole process and all aspects of governing the country according to law."

Experts interpret that this is the first time to clarify the relationship between party leadership and governing the country according to law in the form of plenary documents, and to clarify the party’s position in governing the country according to law.

Ma Huaide, vice president of China University of Political Science and Law and professor of administrative law, believes that China has established the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leading position in the Constitution, and upholding the leadership of the Party is the proper meaning in promoting the rule of law.

The communique pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen and improve the party’s leadership over the rule of law and implement the party’s leadership throughout the whole process of comprehensively promoting the rule of law.

"Implementing the Party’s leadership in the whole process of comprehensively promoting the rule of law" is interpreted by experts as four major responsibilities: leading legislation, ensuring law enforcement, supporting the judiciary and taking the lead in obeying the law. The relationship between "the leadership of the party" and governing the country according to law is clearly defined, from the concept declaration level to the responsibility level. This clarity itself is the adherence to the concept of governing the country according to law.

In the view of Chun Wong, president of China University of Political Science and Law and vice president of china law society, the leadership of the Party used to be mainly ideological, political and organizational, but we neglected that there is another kind of leadership, that is, the leadership of the Party is realized through the formulation and implementation of the Constitution and laws.

At the legislative level, in February this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said at the second meeting of the Central Leading Group for Deepening Reform that all major reforms should be based on the law and ensure that reforms are promoted on the track of the rule of law. The person in charge of the research office of the the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Legal Affairs Commission said that after the CPC Central Committee has made political decisions, it should first legislate and then implement them to ensure that all reform measures are carried out on the track of the rule of law.

Ruling by law requires both the party to govern the country according to the constitution and laws, and the party to govern the party according to the internal laws and regulations of the party. The communique further clarified that "leading cadres at all levels should take the lead in obeying the law, take the lead in handling affairs according to law, and must not exercise their power illegally, let alone substitute words for laws, suppress laws with power, and bending the law."

"Take the effectiveness of the rule of law construction as an important part of measuring the performance of leading bodies and leading cadres at all levels, and incorporate it into the performance appraisal index system, and take whether you can abide by the law and act according to law as an important part of inspecting cadres." Experts believe that this clear requirement of the plenary session will undoubtedly further improve party member cadres’ legal thinking and ability to handle affairs according to law.