Chinanews. com, March 1 ST, the long-distance passenger transport in real-name registration system, the information of imported cosmetics can be traced back to the whole process, the time limit for postal delivery has been greatly shortened, and the people’s court trial must be recorded and videotaped … … Since March, the Regulations on the Administration of Road Passenger Transport and Passenger Stations, the Universal Postal Service Standard, the Film Industry Promotion Law and other laws and regulations have been officially implemented, which have affected our lives in many ways.

　　The revised "Regulations on the Management of Road Passenger Transport and Passenger Stations" by the Ministry of Transport has been implemented since March 1. The new regulations point out that real-name ticket sales and real-name inspection of passenger tickets will be fully implemented for inter-provincial and inter-city passenger lines. The long-distance bus ticket will be printed with the identity information of the passengers. If passengers lose their tickets, they can apply for and reissue them free of charge after verifying their identity information.

　　According to the new regulations, passengers who purchase tickets online through online travel agencies must also provide accurate and valid certificate information, and they must also carry this valid certificate when they go to the station to collect tickets; When purchasing tickets on behalf of others, the purchaser must show the valid certificates of the purchaser and the passenger at the same time; Those who bring children free of charge should apply for real-name registration system tickets free of charge with their valid identity documents.

　　Seven kinds of goods purchased online are not applicable for seven days without reason to return.

　　The Interim Measures for the Seven-Day Unreasonable Return of Goods Purchased on the Internet, which will be implemented on 15th of this month, clarifies that seven types of goods are not applicable to the seven-day unreasonable return:

　　Goods ordered by consumers; Fresh and perishable goods; Digital commodities such as audio-visual products and computer software downloaded online or unpacked by consumers; Newspapers and periodicals delivered; Commodities that are easy to affect personal safety or life and health after unpacking, or commodities that are easy to change the quality of commodities after unpacking; Once activated or tried, the value of the goods is derogatory; Goods near the expiration date and defective goods that have been clearly stated at the time of sale.

　　The "Measures" stipulate that when consumers return goods, they should return the accessories and gifts together, and the freight generated by the return shall be borne by the consumers according to law. Unless otherwise agreed between the operator and the consumer, the agreement shall prevail. The measures also made clear punishment rules for online commodity sellers who violated regulations.

　　Imported cosmetics can be traced back to the whole process of information

　　The Provisions on the Administration of Filing, Import Records and Sales Records of Domestic Consignees of Imported Cosmetics issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine came into effect on March 1st. This regulation details the filing, import records and sales records of domestic consignees of imported cosmetics. Tracing the information of imported cosmetics in the whole process can ensure that the defective products can be recalled quickly when quality and safety problems occur, and ensure the safety of consumption.

　　New postal service standard: the delivery time limit is greatly shortened

　　The newly revised "Universal Postal Service" standard came into effect on March 1st. The requirements of the new standard for the whole time limit of mail are obviously improved. The longest time for letters is 7 or 8 days, and ordinary parcels can be received in 8 or 9 days.

　　The new standard stipulates that each county-level administrative region should have at least one postal business place that provides international, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan mail services, and each township and town should have at least one postal business place that provides parcel collection services.

　　In terms of protecting users’ rights and interests, the new standard has increased the business hours to be publicized, the mail time limit, and refined the provisions on users’ complaints. The time limit for responding to users’ complaints has been reduced from 30 working days stipulated in the current standard to 15 days.

　　The trial of the people’s court shall be recorded and videotaped throughout.

　　"Several Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on the Audio and Video Recording of People’s Courts" will come into force on March 1st. The "Regulations" clarify that when a people’s court hears a case, it shall record and video the whole trial. Without the permission of the people’s court, no one may record or videotape the trial activities, and may not record, copy, delete or transfer the audio and video recordings of the trial.

　　The "Regulations" point out that the people’s court should take overlapping synchronous recording time or other measures to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the audio and video recordings of the trial. The "Regulations" emphasize that the recording of court trial activities involving state secrets, commercial secrets, personal privacy, and the storage, inspection, copying, and transcription of court trial audio and video should comply with relevant regulations such as confidentiality management.

　　The names of public figures in political and cultural fields shall not be used as trademarks.

　　The Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Administrative Cases of Trademark Authorization and Confirmation, which came into effect on March 1, clearly states that the application for registration of the names of public figures in the fields of politics, economy, culture, religion and nationality as trademarks belongs to "other adverse effects" as stipulated in Item (8) of Article 10 of the Trademark Law. Therefore, according to the Trademark Law, the names of the above public figures shall not be used as trademarks.

　　Film practitioners should abide by professional ethics in virtue and artistry.

　　The Film Industry Promotion Law came into effect on March 1st. For the first time, the law clearly requires filmmakers: actors, directors and other film practitioners should adhere to the dual virtues of morality and art, abide by laws and regulations, respect social morality, abide by professional ethics, strengthen self-discipline and establish a good social image.

　　The law makes it clear that film distribution enterprises and cinemas should truthfully count the film sales revenue and provide true and accurate statistical data, and must not take improper means such as making false transactions, making false reports or concealing sales revenue to deceive or mislead the audience and disrupt the film market order. At the same time, the law stipulates corresponding penalties.

　　The Film Industry Promotion Law not only decentralizes the examination and approval authority, but also standardizes the procedures for the formulation and disclosure of film censorship standards, and sets up provisions for retrial in case of disputes.

　　The government should provide corresponding public cultural services according to the characteristics of the group.

　　People’s Republic of China (PRC) Public Cultural Service Guarantee Law will come into force on March 1, 2017. The law stipulates that no unit or individual may occupy the land for the construction of public cultural facilities or change its use without authorization. If it is necessary to adjust the construction land for public cultural facilities due to special circumstances, the construction land shall be re-determined.

　　The law clearly stipulates that no unit or individual may dismantle public cultural facilities without authorization, change their functions and uses without authorization or hinder their normal operation, occupy or misappropriate public cultural facilities, or use public cultural facilities for business activities unrelated to public cultural services.

　　According to this law, people’s governments at all levels should provide corresponding public cultural services according to the characteristics and needs of minors, the elderly, the disabled and the floating population.

CCTV News:Yesterday (4th), Shanghai held a press conference on epidemic prevention and control, saying that at present, Shanghai CDC has basically completed the epidemiological investigation and gene sequencing of a confirmed case of a foreign cargo plane service worker in the freight area of Shanghai Pudong Airport discovered on the 2nd. The results of gene sequencing showed that Covid-19 infected by this case in Shanghai belonged to Delta mutant, which had high homology with Delta mutant abroad.

Wu Huanyu, Deputy Director of Shanghai CDC:The results of gene sequencing showed that COVID-19 infected by this case belonged to Delta mutant, which was not related to the genome of many local cases in China recently, but had high homology with Delta mutant abroad. According to the comprehensive judgment and analysis of the expert group, it is considered that the infection source of the confirmed case can focus on the infection caused by exposure to the environment polluted by the imported virus.

Shanghai: All the 68,517 screened subjects were negative in nucleic acid test results.

Yesterday (4th), the reporter learned from the press conference on epidemic prevention and control in Shanghai that a newly confirmed case of COVID-19 in Shanghai on August 2nd was of ordinary type, and now it is being treated in isolation in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, and the condition is stable. As of 14: 00 on August 4, 67 close contacts in Shanghai and 377 close contacts in Shanghai have been investigated. In Shanghai, 68,517 screening subjects, the results of nucleic acid test were all negative, and 585 items and environmental samples in relevant places were investigated, and the test results were all negative. In the next step, Shanghai will continue to adhere to the overall prevention and control strategy of "external defense input and internal defense rebound", pay close attention to key points and joints such as "entrance to the city, employment posts and school gates", and strengthen the closed-loop management of the whole chain of epidemic prevention and control.

Original Mitchella and other intelligence clubs

introduction

Although the big language model shows a similar understanding ability to human beings, can the AI system really understand the language like human beings? Must the pattern of machine understanding be the same as that of human understanding? Recently, kracauer, former director of the Santa Fe Institute, and melani Michel, a researcher, published an article in PNAS to explore whether large-scale pre-training language models (LLMs) can understand languages and their coded physical and social situations in a similar way to humans.

This paper discusses the pros and cons respectively, and further discusses the key issues of broader intelligent science. In the author’s opinion, further expanding the interdisciplinary research between artificial intelligence and natural science is expected to broaden the perspective of multi-discipline, summarize the advantages and boundaries of different methods, and meet the challenge of the integration of cross-cognitive concepts.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, large language model, mental model

Melanie Mitchell A, David C. Krakauera | Author

Fan Siyu and Zhang Ji | Translator

Liang Jin | Editor

Title of the article:

The debate over understanding in AI’s large language models

Article address:

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2215907120

What is "understanding"? This problem has long attracted the attention of philosophers, cognitive scientists and educators. The classical research on "understanding" is almost always based on human beings and other animals. However, with the rise of large-scale artificial intelligence systems, especially large-scale language models, there has been a heated discussion in the AI community: can machines understand natural languages now, so as to understand the physical and social situations described by languages?

This discussion is not limited to the category of natural science; The degree and way that machines understand our world determines to what extent we can trust the robust and transparent behavior ability of AI in the task of interacting with human beings, including AI driving cars, AI diagnosing diseases, AI caring for the elderly, AI educating children and so on. At the same time, the current discussion shows the key problem for an intelligent system to "understand": how to distinguish statistical correlation and causal mechanism?

Although the AI system shows seemingly intelligent behavior in many specific tasks, until recently, the artificial intelligence research community still generally believed that machines could not understand the data they processed like humans. For example, face recognition software does not understand that the face is a part of the body, the role of facial expressions in social interaction, what it means to "face" unpleasant situations, or the ways and means of making faces. Similarly, speech-to-text and machine translation programs do not understand the language they handle, and the automatic driving system does not understand the micro-expressions and body language of drivers and pedestrians when avoiding accidents. Therefore, these AI systems are often regarded as fragile, and the key evidence of lack of "understanding" is that they are unpredictable errors and lack of robustness in generalization ability [1].

Does the big language model really understand language?

However, in the past few years, the situation has changed. A new type of AI system has been popular in the research field and has had an impact, which has changed some people’s prospects and views on machine understanding languages. These systems are called large language models (LLMs), large pre-training models or basic models [2]. They are deep neural networks with billions to trillions of parameters (weights), which are "pre-trained" on a huge natural language corpus of several terabytes, including a large number of network snapshots, online books and other contents. During training, the task of these networks is to predict the hidden part of the input sentence. This method is called "self-supervised learning". The final network is a complex statistical model of the correlation between words and phrases in its training data.

These models can be used to generate natural language, fine-tune specific language tasks [3], or further train to better match the "user’s intention" [4]. For example, LLMs such as OpenAI’s famous GPT-3[5], more recently ChatGPT[6] and Google’s PaLM[7] can produce amazing human-like texts and dialogues; In addition, although these models are not trained for the purpose of reasoning, some studies think that they have human-like reasoning ability [8]. How LLMs accomplished these feats is a mystery to ordinary people and scientists. Most of the internal operation modes of these networks are opaque, and even the researchers who built them have only a little intuitive feeling about such a huge-scale system. Neuroscientist Terrence Sejnowski described the appearance of LLM in this way: "Singularity arrival, like whispers, came one after another, speaking four dialects. The only thing we know is that LLMs are not human beings … Some of their behaviors seem to be intelligent, but if they are not human intelligence, what is it? " [9]

Although the most advanced LLMs are impressive, they are still prone to vulnerabilities and mistakes that are not like human beings. However, such network defects are significantly improved when the number of parameters and the scale of training data set are enlarged [10], so some researchers think that LLMs (or its multimodal version) will realize human-level intelligence and understanding ability under a sufficiently large network and training data set, and a new slogan of AI appears: "Scale is everything" [11, 12].

The above proposition is a school of AI academic circles in LLMs discussion. Some people think that these networks really understand language and can reason in a universal way (although "not yet" up to human level). For example, Google’s LaMDA system constructs a fluent dialogue system by pre-training the text and then fine-tuning the dialogue [13], and an AI researcher even thinks that such a system "has the ability to truly understand a large number of concepts" [14] and even "moves in a conscious direction" [15]. Another machine language expert regards LLMs as the touchstone leading to general human level AI: "Some optimistic researchers believe that we have witnessed the birth of a knowledge injection system with a certain universal intelligence" [16]. Others believe that LLMs probably captures important aspects of meaning, and its working mode is similar to a striking explanation of human cognition, that is, meaning comes from conceptual roles. ”[17]。 Opponents were labeled as "AI Denialism" [18].

On the other hand, some people think that although the output of large-scale pre-training models such as GPT-3 or LaMDA is fluent, they still can’t understand because they have no world experience or thinking mode; The text prediction training of LLMs only learned the form of language, not the meaning [19-21]. A recent article holds that "even if we train until the universe dies, the systems trained only by language will never approach human intelligence, and these systems are doomed to have only superficial understanding and will never approach the comprehensiveness of our thinking" [22]. Some scholars believe that it is wrong to apply the concepts of "intelligence", "agent" and "understanding" to LLMs, because LLMs is more similar to libraries or encyclopedias, and it is packaging human knowledge repositories instead of agents [23]. For example, humans know that tickling makes us laugh because we have bodies. LLMs can use the word "tickle", but it has obviously never felt this way. Understanding tickling is not a mapping between two words, but a mapping between words and feelings.

Those who hold the position of "LLMs can’t really understand" think that what surprises us is not the fluency of LLMs itself, but the fact that the fluency is beyond intuition with the growth of model scale. Anyone who attributes understanding or consciousness to LLMs is a victim of the Eliza effect [24]. "Eliza effect" means that we humans tend to attribute our understanding and agency ability to machines with even faint signs of human language or behavior. It is named after the chat robot "Eliza" developed by Joseph Weizenbaum in the 1960s. Although it is very simple, it still deceives people into believing that it understands them [25].

A survey of active scholars in the field of natural language processing in 2022 also confirmed the differences of views in this discussion. One of the contents of the survey is to ask the respondents whether they agree with the following statement about whether LLMs understands language in principle: "Some generative models (language models) that are only trained on text can understand natural language in some extraordinary sense given sufficient data and computing resources." The answers of 480 people were almost half (51%) to half (49%) [26].

Supporters’ evidence that LLMs has understanding ability is mainly based on the performance of model ability: both the subjective quality judgment of the text generated by the model according to the prompt words (although this judgment may be easily influenced by Eliza effect) and the objective evaluation in the benchmark data set used to evaluate the language understanding and reasoning ability. For example, two commonly used benchmark data sets for evaluating LLMs are General Language Understanding Assessment (GLUE)[27] and its successor SuperGLUE[28], which include large-scale data sets and tasks, such as "Text Implication" (given two sentences, can the meaning of the second sentence be inferred from the first sentence? Do the given words have the same meaning in two different sentences? ) and logical answers, etc. OpenAI’s GPT-3 (with 175 billion parameters) performs unexpectedly well in these tasks [5], while Google’s PaLM (with 540 billion parameters) performs better in these tasks [7], which can reach or even surpass human performance in the same task.

Does machine understanding have to reproduce human understanding?

What are the implications of these results for LLMs? From the choice of terms such as generalized language understanding, natural language reasoning, reading comprehension and common sense reasoning, it is not difficult to see that the test of the above benchmark data set implies the premise that the machine must reproduce the way of human understanding. But is this necessary for "understanding"? Not necessarily. Take the benchmark evaluation of "reasoning and understanding task" as an example [29], in each task example, a natural language "argument" and two declarative sentences will be given; The task is to determine which statement is consistent with the argument, as shown in the following example:

Argument: criminals should have the right to vote. A person who stole a car at the age of 17 should not be deprived of the right to become a full citizen for life.

Inference A: Stealing a car is a felony.

Inference B: Stealing a car is not a felony.

BERT achieved a performance similar to that of human beings in this benchmark task [31]. Perhaps we can draw the conclusion that BERT can understand natural language like human beings. However, a research team found that some clue words (such as "not") appearing in inference sentences can help the model predict the correct answer. When researchers change data sets to avoid these clues, BERT’s performance becomes no different from random guessing. This is an obvious example of relying on shortcut learning-a phenomenon that is often mentioned in machine learning, that is, the learning system obtains good performance on a specific benchmark task by analyzing the pseudo-correlation in the data set, rather than through humanlike understanding [32-35].

Usually, this correlation is not obvious to humans who perform the same task. Although shortcut learning has been found in the task of evaluating language understanding and other artificial intelligence models, there may still be many undiscovered "shortcuts". Pre-training language models, such as LaMDA and PaLM of Google, which have hundreds of billions of parameters and train on nearly trillions of text data, have strong ability to encode data correlation. Therefore, the benchmark task used to evaluate human understanding ability may not be applicable to this kind of model evaluation [36-38]. For large-scale LLMs (and its possible derivative models), the complex statistical correlation calculation can make the model bypass the human-like understanding ability and obtain a nearly perfect model performance.

Although there is no strict definition of the word "human-like understanding", it is not based on the huge statistical model that LLMs has learned at present. On the contrary, it is based on concepts-the internal mental model of external categories, situations and events, as well as the internal mental model of human beings’ own internal state and "self". For human beings, understanding language (and other nonverbal information) depends on mastering concepts other than language (or other information) expression, and is not limited to understanding the statistical properties of language symbols. In fact, in the past research history in the field of cognitive science, we have always emphasized the understanding of the essence of concepts and how understanding comes from concepts that are clear and hierarchical and contain potential causality. This understanding model helps human beings abstract past knowledge and experience to make steady prediction, generalization and analogy; Or conduct combinatorial reasoning and counterfactual reasoning; Or actively intervene in the real world to test hypotheses; Or explain what you understand to others.

Undoubtedly, although some LLMs with larger and larger scale sporadically show similar human understanding ability, the current artificial intelligence system does not have these abilities, including the most advanced LLMs. Some people think that this kind of understanding ability can give human beings the ability that pure statistical models can’t get. Although the large-scale model shows extraordinary formal linguistic competence, that is, the ability to produce grammatical fluency and human-like language, it still lacks human-like functional language competence based on conceptual understanding, that is, the ability to correctly understand and use language in the real world. Interestingly, there is a similar phenomenon in physics research, that is, the contradiction between the successful application of mathematical techniques and this functional understanding ability. For example, a long-standing controversy about quantum mechanics is that it provides an effective calculation method without conceptual understanding.

Understanding the essence of concepts has always been one of the topics of academic debate. To what extent the concept is domain-specific and innate, rather than more universal and learned [55-60], or to what extent the concept is based on concrete metaphor and presented in the brain through dynamic and situation-based simulation [64], or under what conditions the concept is supported by language [65-67], social learning [68-70] and culture [

Despite the above arguments, concepts-which exist in the form of causal mental models as mentioned above-have always been regarded as the understanding unit of human cognitive ability. Undoubtedly, looking at the development track of human understanding ability, whether it is individual understanding or collective understanding, it can be abstracted as a highly compressed model based on causality, similar to Ptolemy’s theory of planetary revolution, Kepler’s theory of elliptical orbit, and Newton’s concise and causal explanation of planetary motion according to gravity. Different from machines, human beings seem to have a strong internal drive to pursue this form of understanding in scientific research and daily life. We can describe this kind of motivation as requiring little data, minimal model, clear causal dependence and strong mechanical intuition.

The debate about LLMs’ comprehension ability mainly focuses on the following aspects:

1) Is the understanding ability of these model systems just a kind of error? (that is, the connection between language symbols is confused with the connection between symbols and physical, social or mental experiences). In short, will these model systems never gain human-like understanding?

Or, conversely, 2) Will these model systems (or their recent derivative models) really create a large number of concept-based mental models that are essential for human understanding without real-world experience? If so, will increasing the scale of the model create a better concept?

Or, 3) if these model systems can’t create such concepts, can their unimaginable huge statistical correlation systems produce the ability equivalent to human understanding? Or, does this mean that a new form of higher-order logical ability that humans can’t reach is possible? From this point of view, is it still appropriate to call this correlation "pseudo-correlation" or question the phenomenon of "shortcut learning"? Is it feasible to regard the behavior of the model system as a series of emerging and non-human understanding activities, rather than "no understanding ability"? These problems are no longer limited to abstract philosophical discussion, but involve the very realistic concerns about the ability, robustness, security and ethics brought about by the increasingly important role played by artificial intelligence systems in human daily life.

Although various schools of researchers have their own opinions on the debate on "LLMs comprehension ability", the cognitive science-based methods currently used to gain understanding insight are not enough to answer such questions about LLMs. In fact, some researchers have applied psychological tests to LLMs, which were originally used to evaluate human understanding and reasoning mechanisms. It is found that LLMs does show human-like reactions in theory of mind tests [14, 75] and human-like abilities and preferences in reasoning evaluation [76–78] in some cases. Although this kind of test is considered as an alternative test to evaluate human universal ability, it may not be the case for artificial intelligence model systems.

A new understanding ability

As mentioned earlier, LLMs has an unexplained ability to learn the correlation between information symbols in training data and input, and can use this correlation to solve problems. In contrast, humans seem to have applied compressed concepts that reflect their real-world experiences. When psychological tests designed for human beings are applied to LLMs, the interpretation results often depend on the assumptions of human cognition, which may not be correct at all for the model. In order to make progress, scientists need to design new benchmark tasks and research methods to deeply understand different types of intelligence and understanding mechanisms, including the new form of "exotic, mind-like entities" that we have created [79]. Perhaps we are on the right path to explore the essence of "understanding" [80, 81].

With the increasing discussion about LLMs’ understanding ability and the emergence of more capable model systems, it seems that it is necessary to strengthen the research on intelligent science in the future in order to understand the concept of human and machine more widely. As the neuroscientist Terrence Sejnowski pointed out, "The differences among experts on LLMs intelligence show that our traditional concept based on natural intelligence is not sufficient. [9] "If LLMs and other models successfully make use of strong statistical correlation, it may also be considered as a new" understanding "ability, which can realize extraordinary and superhuman prediction ability. For example, DeepMind’s AlphaZero and AlphaFold model systems [82, 83] seem to bring an intuitive form of "alien" to the fields of chess and protein’s structure prediction [84, 85] respectively.

Therefore, it can be said that in recent years, machines with emerging understanding modes have appeared in the field of artificial intelligence, which may be a new species in a larger zoo of related concepts. With the research progress made in the process of pursuing the essence of intelligence, these new understanding modes will emerge continuously. Just as different species adapt to different environments, our intelligent system will be better adapted to different problems. Problems that rely on a lot of historical encoded knowledge (emphasizing model performance) will continue to favor large-scale statistical models, such as LLMs, while those that rely on limited knowledge and strong causal mechanism will prefer human intelligence. The challenge in the future is to develop new research methods to reveal the understanding mechanism of different forms of intelligence in detail, distinguish their advantages and limitations, and learn how to integrate these different cognitive models.

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Original title: "Santa Fe Scholars: Does the AI ? ? big language model really understand human language? 》

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● 　Key points of investment

China highway logistics industry: the economic artery in urgent need of resource integration. China highway logistics freight volume accounts for 80% of the total freight volume, which is the main artery of China economy. However, the efficiency of the industry is not high. China’s trucks have an average effective mileage of 300 kilometers per day, while the United States can reach 1000 kilometers. There are more than 20 million trucks in China, and the empty rate is as high as 40% or more. The average interval between vehicle parking and distribution is about 72 hours. There are more than 7.5 million highway logistics enterprises in China, and each household only has 1.5 trucks, and more than 90% of them are in the hands of individual drivers. The crux of the current resource mismatch lies in the asymmetry of freight logistics information.

China Car-Goods Matching Market: Two Operating Models Coexist. Information asymmetry has given birth to the demand for matching between cars and goods. In the past, the traditional vehicle-cargo matching platform was mainly offline entities, including distribution stations, highway ports and logistics parks. At present, with the intervention of Internet, a virtual vehicle-cargo matching platform has been formed. By using the Internet, offline vehicle sources and goods sources are integrated through the development of logistics APP, WEB or other systems, and information is released online through APP, web or other systems and accurately matched, hoping to solve the asymmetry of logistics information.

Enlightenment from the development of American freight logistics industry. Truck transportation in the United States is extremely developed and is the main mode of transportation in the United States. Among them, truck transportation market scale exceeded US$ 600 billion, accounting for about 80% of the total. Developed infrastructure and high degree of intensification are the two main reasons for its high efficiency. The revelation of Robinson’s case is that the ability to integrate information and resources is the core. It does not own a truck, but it is the first truck transportation company in the United States, which basically monopolizes most of the road transportation resources in the United States and ranks seventh in global freight transportation.

Future Outlook: The Ultimate Version of Car-Goods Matching? Highway ports are built to eliminate them. In the past year, more than 200 car and cargo matching apps have been produced, but there have been few successes. There are three bottlenecks: 1. It is difficult to standardize supply and demand information; 2. Lack of integrity certification system; 3. Vehicles tend to have a stable supply of goods, and shippers prefer a stable transportation capacity, which makes it difficult for existing software to get involved in the mainstream market. We believe that the highway logistics industry will have offline matching platforms such as distribution stations, highways and logistics parks for a long time, and they have the strongest ability to gather traffic and people in scattered industries. They have the strongest resources and ability to integrate and innovate, and the ultimate mode of their development is to eliminate intermediary matchmakers.

Investment strategy. We suggest paying attention to the distribution and integration of logistics park resources in the country to form the Chuanhua shares of highway port network. For details of Chuanhua shares, please refer to our in-depth report "Chuanhua Logistics-China Highway Integrators Reloaded into Battle" on July 3 this year.

Risk warning. The economic downturn has led to a decline in freight demand; The offline matching platform is invested too much; The promotion of value-added services failed to meet expectations.

● 　The following is the text of the report.

catalogue

1. China highway logistics industry: the economic artery in urgent need of resource integration …-3-

1.1. Current situation of highway logistics industry: Highway is the main form of goods flow, but its efficiency is low …-3-

1.2. Information asymmetry is the crux, and there is a huge demand for matching cars and goods …-4-

Second, the matching market of vehicles and goods in China: two major operating modes coexist …-5-

2.1. Two camps gave birth to two business models …-5-

2.2. Comparison of Typical Case Studies …-5-

Iii. International Experience: Enlightenment from the Development of Freight Logistics in the United States …-11-

3.1. Overview of American road freight industry: Truck transportation is the main mode of transportation …-11-

3.2, no car is better than a car, the inspiration of Robinson’s case: the ability to integrate information and resources is the core …

Fourth, the future outlook: the ultimate version of car and cargo matching? … – 15 –

4.1 What are the pain points of car-cargo matching? … – 15 –

4.2 What mode does road freight need? … – 16 –

4.3 Investment strategy …-16-

Risk warning …-17-

1、China highway logistics industry: the economic artery in urgent need of resource integration

Modern logistics industry is the basic industry and producer service industry of national economic development, which is connected with production and consumption at one end. Since 2007, the scale of domestic social logistics market has shown a steady linear growth. In 2013, the total logistics cost was 10 trillion, and in 2014 it exceeded 11 trillion. At present, the proportion of China’s logistics cost to price cost and GDP is much higher than that of developed countries. In 2013, the ratio of China’s total social logistics cost to GDP was 18%, which dropped to 16.6% in 2014, while it was only about 8% in western countries. The overall capacity of China’s logistics industry is obviously insufficient.

1.1. Current situation of highway logistics industry: Highway is the main form of goods flow, but its efficiency is low.

At present, the freight volume of highway logistics in China accounts for 80% of the total freight volume. Therefore, the reason why the overall logistics capacity of China is weak is the low efficiency of highway logistics capacity. At present, China’s trucks have an average effective mileage of 300 kilometers per day, while the United States can reach 1000 kilometers. There are more than 20 million trucks in China, and the empty rate is as high as 40% or more. The average interval between vehicle parking and distribution is about 72 hours. Among them, a lot of time is wasted on waiting for goods and distributing goods, which causes great waste of resources and inefficient tail gas emission, which intensifies air pollution; At the same time, it also increases the management pressure of expressways and urban roads.

1.2. Information asymmetry is the crux of the problem, and the demand for vehicle and cargo matching is huge.

Due to the small scale and large number of road freight operators, according to statistics, there are more than 7.5 million road logistics enterprises in China, and each household only has 1.5 trucks on average; However, its operation is basically in a state of "straggle", and the level of industry organization is very low. More than 90% of the transportation capacity is in the hands of individual drivers, and the industry concentration is only about 1.2%. We believe that the crux of the current situation of resource mismatch and inefficiency lies in the asymmetry of freight logistics information.

In the current freight logistics service chain, the individual car owners are at the end. Due to the low participation threshold of employees, oversupply and low organizational level, the game of these individual vehicles in freight transactions is very passive. Unless there are some structural reasons such as special time periods, special routes or special vehicle needs, the source and pricing power of most individual vehicles are often in the hands of shippers. In view of this, the vehicle-cargo matching market came into being. Under the current transportation market pattern of "more vehicles and less goods", its value lies in optimizing the resource allocation of goods and drivers in the downstream of the supply chain by virtue of the platform’s information integration ability, providing transportation capacity to shippers, providing goods to car owners and ensuring a certain freight rate, reducing the empty rate of vehicles, improving the efficiency of drivers in finding goods, and further reducing transportation costs. The high idle driving cost of truck drivers also makes the driver have a strong demand for the vehicle-cargo matching platform.

Schematic diagram of road freight service chain in China

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

2. China’s car and goods matching market: two major operating modes coexist.

In fact, the vehicle-cargo matching platform is de-intermediated through the online platform. Internet technology and information technology are used to improve the information retrieval ability and matching efficiency, reduce drivers’ waiting time and empty driving distance, de-intermediate and improve the full load rate. Vehicle-cargo matching platform mainly uses the advantages of "internet plus", integrates off-line vehicle sources and goods sources through the development of logistics APP, WEB or other systems, and publishes information online through APP, web or other systems and accurately matches it, thus solving the asymmetry of logistics information.

2.1, two camps gave birth to two business models.

At present, there are two main models for the online and offline differentiation of the car and goods matching market:

Offline+Online mode: Offline is laid out nationwide, service nodes are established, local transportation resources are integrated, and a controllable transportation resource network is established to form a "transportation pool", on the basis of which vehicle and cargo matching services are provided online. The core of this mode is to integrate the vehicle and cargo resources, ensure the truthfulness, effectiveness and uniform service rules of the vehicle source information on the vehicle and cargo matching platform, and carry out vehicle and cargo matching on this basis.

Representatives: Chuanhua Logistics, Ka Xing Tian Xia, Anneng Logistics, Robinson Logistics of the United States.

Pure platform mode: The earliest pure platform mode was a short and simple freight information publishing website (such as Jincheng Logistics Network and National Logistics Information Network), and then it developed into an information transmission, matching and trading platform with software as the core, connecting the online and offline, connecting the consignor and the transportation capacity, and becoming a car-free carrier.

Representatives: oTMS, Driver’s Station, Yunmanman, Luoji Logistics.

2.2. Comparison of typical case studies

Chuanhua Logistics: Online Platform+Offline Highway Port Mode

Chuanhua Logistics is actually a form of the fourth party logistics (4PL), which belongs to the online platform+offline highway port mode from the online and offline classification. Chuanhua Logistics entered the logistics industry in an all-round way from the modern logistics base in 2002, innovatively developed the "highway port" logistics platform, and established the closed-loop logistics ecology of O2O. In fact, the mode of uploading logistics is the fourth-party logistics mode, which realizes the integration of capital flow, information flow and logistics through the combination of online and offline. Offline, Chuanhua Logistics has established a national "highway port" logistics model, forming a national highway port network with 100 outlets in four major hubs. At present, it has occupied the card position advantage in key transportation hubs, and has rapidly expanded through the self-built and extended model. Online, Chuanhua has developed an Internet logistics platform with "Easy Distribution", "Barter Di" and "Yunbao Net" as its core. Through Chuanhua logistics portal+mobile phone distribution APP+ O2O truck calling platform in the same city, the freight problem between highway trunk lines and the city in the last mile has been solved. At present, Chuanhua Logistics has a revenue of over 10 billion yuan and is an invisible giant of China highway logistics.

Schematic diagram of online platform+offline highway port mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, Chuanhua Logistics has formed two major business segments: highway port investment operation and supporting services and O2O logistics network platform services. In the future, when the platform of Chuanhua Logistics grows to a certain scale (the main indicators are the number of active members and the total transaction amount), more profit models will be generated. Generally speaking, the main profit sources of Chuanhua Logistics in the future can be divided into: infrastructure rental income of highway ports, commission income of various logistics transactions, membership service income and financial services based on traffic and big data. Among them, the aforementioned fourth income will constitute the main profit model under the future logistics big data economy, such as personalized insurance group purchase income based on driver membership and behavior data, and logistics scale intensive income based on the whole network supply transaction.

Schematic diagram of profit model of Chuanhua Logistics

Source: official website, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Card line in the world: online portal+offline joining mode

The operation mode of Card Bank is divided into two parts: offline transportation network and online portal network construction. Offline, by first establishing a regional center for goods collection and distribution, and at the same time, through the network radiation ability of this center, we will establish franchise outlets outside the park by joining to attract high-quality special line members, and finally build a nationwide logistics and transportation network. On the online side, through the construction of the portal website, we can provide a unified information system for the franchised enterprises, realize the tracking statistics, assessment and evaluation of the franchised enterprises, make the whole process of transportation services visible online, make the service settlement completed by platform members more convenient, improve the customer experience of delivery, and make the whole logistics chain run in a standardized way.

In terms of profit model, the Bank of China makes profits by charging initial fees, management fees and providing value-added services. The card bank charges a certain joining fee to the joining members. After the members join the card bank, the card bank charges management fees and system usage fees for 1% of the new business volume of the members. The profit of value-added services in the supply chain is mainly the insurance of centralized procurement and the financial services provided, including the cost of intensive distribution operation of the park platform.

Schematic diagram of online portal+offline joining mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Anneng Logistics: Online Portal+Main Line Self-operated+Joining Mode

The mode adopted by Anneng Logistics is the mode of self-operated trunk line and regional joining: the national distribution and trunk feeder buses are directly invested by the headquarters to ensure the operational stability and sustainability of the whole system to the greatest extent. By establishing the franchise mode of terminal outlets through online portal, franchisees can apply for joining on the website, thus avoiding the investment in building national outlets, concentrating on customer service in their own regions, and minimizing the risk of individual LTL express joining entrepreneurs. At the same time, customers can directly order delivery, waybill inquiry, order inquiry, order management and other services through the portal.

Schematic diagram of online portal+offline self-operation+joining mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, Anneng Logistics has established more than 130 distribution centers nationwide, with 8,000 staff and 5,000 outlets, serving 31 provinces and cities nationwide, planning more than 2,000 transportation routes and controlling more than 4,000 box trucks. It is estimated that by the end of 2015, Anneng Logistics will have more than 10,000 nationwide network points and 157 distribution centers, achieving the annual target turnover of 2.4 billion yuan and becoming the largest LTL logistics enterprise in China.

In terms of profit model, Anneng Logistics makes profits by collecting venue rent, joining fees and providing value-added services. On the one hand, by constantly eliminating unqualified networks and attracting new franchise outlets, and maintaining the gradual improvement of the quality and quantity of outlets, Anneng can provide brand support and certain source information for franchisees, and make a profit by charging franchisees a certain franchise fee. On the other hand, as the core product of Anneng Logistics, "Timing Arrival" provides customers with "safe, punctual, service and economical" road transportation services, with the service quality comparable to that of aviation and express delivery, and the price is only one third; At the same time, Anneng provides customers with services such as to pay the freight, receipt recovery, quotation claim settlement, etc., and makes profits by charging a certain value-added service fee.

OTMS: Community Platform Model

OTMS is a community-based transportation management system, which seamlessly connects the owner, the third-party logistics company, the transportation company, the driver and the final consignee from the top of the transportation chain, pays attention to the whole chain of transportation management, and forms a balanced and win-win online ecosystem based on the core process, which is equivalent to an online mirror image of its offline actual operation network. This online ecosystem will be an open community based on the credit system (real data). All community members can better manage their existing businesses and have the opportunity to find better resources or more new businesses. OTMS will not be involved in the actual operation, such as being a fourth party logistics company (4PL), and oTMS is just a community platform based on core software.

At present, there are 130 consignors in oTMS, and the consignors connect drivers through "Where are you" and "Kaka". Logistics companies use oTMS products to manage transportation orders, and the monthly orders are about one million.

Schematic diagram of community platform mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, oTMS has a Saas service platform with the main version of goods, a Saas service platform with the carrier version, an APP "Kaka" used by truck drivers, and an APP "Where is it" for the consignee to monitor logistics information. The transparent information management platform of the whole process formed by the combination of PC-side service platform and mobile APP brings all relevant parties, including consignors, logistics companies, transport carriers, drivers and consignees, into a business network, realizing the unification of tools.

In terms of profit model, oTMS currently focuses on selling Saas service systems and system maintenance services, and will get involved in the logistics finance industry in the future. In the B2B logistics and transportation industry, China still has a lot of room for growth, and B2B logistics and transportation also involves the cash flow of delivery enterprises, receiving enterprises and logistics companies. The accounting period of transportation companies is about 60 days to 120 days. How to participate in it and integrate this cash flow with financial institutions is the focus of oTMS’s future development.

Yun Man Man: Mobile phone logistics information matching platform model

Yun Man Man is a mobile phone online logistics information matching platform based on mobile Internet technology, which is dedicated to providing efficient vehicle management and distribution tools for road transport logistics industry, and providing comprehensive information and transaction services for vehicle finding (distribution) and vehicle finding (consignment). Its service targets cover all types of goods and vehicles, meet the needs of logistics companies, information departments and small and medium-sized enterprises for long-distance road vehicle transportation, and at the same time improve the distribution efficiency of car owners and reduce the empty return rate; Improve the efficiency of cargo owners in finding cars and improve the operational efficiency of the overall logistics industry.

At present, Yunmanman has branches and offices in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, Henan, Shandong, Fujian and other provinces, and plans to open more information on vehicle sources and goods sources and lay out the national road transport information network, so as to promote the road transport industry in China to enter an era of mobile Internet with high efficiency and low altitude.

Schematic diagram of mobile phone logistics information matching platform mode

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Through the "Yun Man Man" mobile APP, the owner can publish the information of goods supply and price comparison, and at the same time, he can also find the source of the car himself. With the permission of the driver, the driver can be located and managed to quickly understand the supply dynamics. The owner can search for the source of goods independently, compare the sources of goods, and contact the owner directly by telephone after finding satisfactory information. Car owners can also take the initiative to release empty car information and wait for the owner to come to the door. And logistics companies can also publish the information of goods supply and their own logistics lines, find the goods supply while knowing the freight price of vehicles in time, and further expand the online goods collection business.

At present, Yunman is not profitable. After building the whole ecosystem and attracting enough user traffic, Yunman can collect enough information, establish a credit system through big data, further improve payment and financial value-added services, and make profits through capital precipitation and value-added services.

Luoji Logistics: Online Logistics Information Matching Platform Model

The Luoji logistics platform is similar to the mode of "Yun Man Man", and it is also an online logistics information matching platform. It uses data mining technology, search matching technology and mobile Internet of Things technology to provide drivers and shippers with free information on the source of goods and vehicles, and carries out multi-dimensional matching between goods and car owners, in addition to distance matching based on geographical location, there are also multi-dimensional matching such as route, time and load capacity. Luoji logistics platform realizes de-intermediation through the mobile Internet, which reduces logistics costs, the empty rate of trucks and improves the overall logistics efficiency. With the more registered users of platform owners and cargo owners, the success rate of vehicle-cargo matching will be higher and higher. By the end of 2015, the number of users on the Luoji platform will reach 4 million, including 3 million drivers and 1 million shippers.

Luoji logistics platform can solve the two problems of truck drivers and suppliers: first, quickly and effectively integrate the supply and capacity, and reduce the owner’s empty driving rate; The second is to make the freight market more orderly and smarter. At present, Luoji Logistics APP is divided into four versions: Luoji Looking for Goods (Driver Edition), Luoji Looking for Cars (Shipper Edition) and Luoji City (Delivery/Driver End).

Schematic diagram of Logitech logistics information matching platform model

Data source: Internet information, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

Logitech has launched two different softwares for shippers and car owners, "Logitech Find Cars" and "Logitech Find Goods". The truck driver opens the "Luo Ji Looking for Goods" and clicks the "List of Goods" to see the geographical location, goods type, weight, delivery time and vehicle demand of the goods, and the owner will dock the consignor as required. The barter between Luoji City and Chuanhua Logistics is similar, which mainly solves the transportation demand of the last kilometer and the first kilometer in the same city.

Similar to Yun Man Man, Logitech is not profitable at present, and its main task is to promote users. After the platform is formed, it collects huge data to realize its traffic value. For example, there can be derivative insurance services, refueling services, auto repair services, etc. on the platform, which are all potential value-added spaces. On the other hand, Luoji will consider further extending its business to the financial leasing of vehicles and supply chain finance of logistics companies.

3. International experience: Enlightenment from the development of American freight logistics industry.

3.1. Overview of American road freight industry: Truck transportation is the main mode of transportation.

Truck transportation in the United States is extremely developed and is the main mode of transportation in the United States. In 2011, transportation market scale in the United States was about 770 billion US dollars, of which truck transportation market scale exceeded 600 billion US dollars, accounting for about 80%. The volume of transportation and the value of goods delivered account for 70% of the total. The turnover of goods is second only to railway transportation, with an average annual growth rate of 2.5%, which is much higher than the overall growth rate of 0.8%, making it the fastest-growing sector.

The trucking market accounts for about 80% of transportation market scale.

Source: DOT, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

At present, there are nearly 100,000 transportation enterprises in the United States with more than 1.3 million employees, of which more than 90% have fewer than 20 employees, and there are only more than 600 transportation enterprises with a scale of more than 500 employees, accounting for less than 1%. The fleet size is generally small, and more than 50% of the transportation enterprises are Owner-Operator, that is, there is only one truck, and only 6.3% of the enterprises have more than 100 trucks. This is similar to the main business situation of China freight market at present.

Number of employees in American transportation enterprises

Fleet size of American transportation enterprises

Source: US Department of Commerce (DOC), Industrial Securities Research Institute.

American trucking carriers are divided into non-public carriers and public carriers. Non-public carrier (In-Housefleet) means that production and retail enterprises own transport vehicles and operate them to meet their own transport needs, and generally do not provide transport services to the outside world. PublicCarriers are engaged in commercial transportation, and for the purpose of making profits, they are entrusted by the owner to provide transportation services and get paid.

American trucking market participants

Source: Industrial Securities Research Institute

According to the mode of transportation, public carriers can be divided into vehicle transport enterprises, LTL transport enterprises and road freight forwarders. The first two are truck companies based on heavy asset fleets, represented by YRCW and FedexFreight; The other is the road freight forwarder represented by Robinson Global Logistics. Many individual carriers provide transportation services for customers through the sales end of road freight forwarders or by joining large truck companies.

It can be seen that the developed infrastructure and high degree of intensification are the two major reasons for the high efficiency of highway logistics in the United States.

3.2, no car is better than a car, the inspiration of Robinson case: the ability to integrate information and resources is the core.

Robinson Logistics, founded in 1905, is the largest fourth party logistics company in the United States. The company is the representative of American car-free carriers. It doesn’t own trucks, but serves large shippers through the integration of many small and medium-sized fleets. Relying on value-oriented value-added services, exquisite business operations and advanced information systems, it has integrated 63,000 carriers and 46,000 shippers. In 2014, its operating income reached 13.471 billion US dollars, of which 80% came from road freight. At present, Robinson Logistics has become the first truck transportation company in the United States, basically monopolizing most of the road transportation resources in the United States, ranking seventh in global freight transportation; There are more than 218 branches in the world, of which the United States accounts for 158.

Robinson car-free transport mode

Source: Industrial Securities Research Institute

Robinson takes a completely light asset route. Instead of investing money in buying trucks and building logistics real estate, Robinson invests capital in the field of information technology, establishes TMS and Navisphere information platforms, and controls the transportation capacity through the information platform and remotely signs a cooperative enterprise logistics warehouse. By setting up technology-led outlets and branches offline, the online information platform will be connected with the needs and information of customers in offline areas. As a light asset enterprise, its human expenditure has also been greatly reduced. In 2014, Robinson only had 11,000 employees. Debon Logistics in China has more than 30,000 employees.

Robinson’s light asset operation mode and mature management mode make it have strong growth. Since the company went public in 1997, the average annual growth rate of main business income is 12.6%, while the average annual growth rate of net profit reaches 17.8%. In most years, the company’s net profit growth rate is higher than the income growth rate, and the company’s performance has the potential for sustained growth. Therefore, the development of the company does not need to be based on asset expansion, but by integrating local transportation resources, exporting technology and management, and opening up new customer markets, it will bring profits and long-term growth to the company.

The compound growth rate of the company’s net profit is higher than the income growth rate.

Source: Bloomberg, Industrial Securities Research Institute.

As the world’s largest fourth-party logistics company, Robinson’s revenue mainly comes from providing transportation and logistics services to suppliers, consulting services and payment services to customers. Robinson builds his value-added service system, such as supply chain analysis, transportation optimization, carrier management, big data services and business intelligence, and meets the needs of shippers and carriers through these high value-added solutions. Robinson does not charge the franchisees on the platform the joining fee, but charges the corresponding service fee through the solutions for different customers.

4. Future Outlook: The Ultimate Version of Car-Goods Matching?

4.1 What are the pain points of car-cargo matching?

The large-scale success of taxi-hailing software has made various funds intensively lay out the platform for car-cargo matching in the logistics industry, hoping to create a "drip taxi version of freight". According to incomplete statistics, more than 200 car-cargo matching APP taxi-hailing applications have been produced in one year, but there are few successful cases. Most car-cargo matching software has been criticized for relying on subsidies, untrue freight information and complicated transaction processes. Judging from the current situation, the reasons for the slow development of vehicle-cargo matching software are as follows:

1. Supply and demand information is difficult to standardize.

The information of the supply and demand sides in the taxi industry is very standard: cars are all cars with similar shapes, and the demand is the displacement of people, so it is very easy for the supply and demand sides to meet each other through the Internet.

However, when it comes to freight, the situation is much more complicated. Cars are different in length, load and power, and goods are also different in size and physical and chemical properties, which makes online matching much more complicated. Even if the information can be roughly matched, some personalized needs must be met and discussed (an interesting case: a consignor has a batch of fresh fruits to be transported, and a truck with the required load and size is found through the car-goods matching app, so that the driver can drive the car to the designated place. As a result, the consignor immediately cancels the intention because the truck has just been transported. Therefore, we see that many apps now only stay in the step of publishing information, and it is difficult to reach a trading intention without meeting.

2. Lack of integrity certification system

Road freight is a mixed market, and the general quality of employees is not high. It is difficult for many vehicle-cargo matching platforms to grasp the capital flow of freight transactions, because the proportion of logistics freight to the value of goods is still relatively low, and people are more accustomed to the traditional mode of paying with one hand and delivering with one hand.

3. Vehicles tend to have a stable supply of goods, and shippers prefer a stable transportation capacity, which makes it difficult for existing software to get involved in the mainstream market.

The capacity of individual trucks of about 14 million in China has seriously exceeded the demand for relatively scarce goods. At present, the trend of highway logistics is that vehicles tend to cooperate for a long time to ensure their high operating costs, so more and more individual vehicles are linked to the fleet; Shippers also tend to find long-term transportation capacity to ensure the stability of their logistics operation. And this long-term cooperative relationship has been established slowly, so the car-goods matching software has actually intervened in a relatively marginal market. Because of this, we will see more false information on the software, because the scarce real demand has already been spontaneously matched offline.

4.2 What mode does road freight need?

At the beginning of the report, we mentioned that the reason for the low efficiency of road freight transportation is information asymmetry. Therefore, the ideal state is that the waste of resources is zero: as soon as the goods leave the factory, there is a truck waiting at the door; And the truck will never be empty or stop for nothing, it will always go from A to B to C to D …, and it will be fully loaded in the process. In this ideal state, there will be no intermediary matchmaker and resources will match spontaneously. This is the ultimate mode of road freight.

However, under the condition that the current technology has not reached the above level, offline matching platforms such as distribution stations, highways and logistics parks will exist for a long time. The reason is that it is difficult to standardize the freight supply and demand information we mentioned earlier, and the matching platform must have physical entities that enable both parties to meet. This makes these offline matching platforms naturally have the ability to gather people and traffic, and only when they carry out technological innovation and model innovation with real matching scenes can they promote the transformation and development of the road freight industry. Just like our comment on the highway port: "The construction of the highway port is to eliminate the highway port in the future".

4.3 Investment strategy

According to our judgment, the highway logistics industry will have offline matching platforms such as distribution stations, highways and logistics parks for a long time, and they have the strongest ability to gather traffic and people in scattered industries. That is to say, they have a strong premium ability to shippers and car owners. As long as these offline entities try to continue to cut into the deeper value-added and financial needs of shippers and car owners, the profit model will continue to innovate.

In view of the fact that there are regional offline matching entities all over the country, we suggest paying attention to Chuanhua, which can take the lead in arranging and integrating the resources of logistics parks nationwide to form a highway and port network.

For details of Chuanhua shares, please refer to our in-depth report "Chuanhua Logistics-China Highway Integrators Reloaded into Battle" on July 3 this year.

● Related reading:

In the era of big data, the car-goods matching logistics APP triggered a big change.

However, the combination of eggs: the matching of vehicles and goods can not solve the problem of logistics park

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Today, the war of 618 has already started. Obviously, live e-commerce is still one of the most competitive battlefields. For Taobao, Aauto Quicker and Tik Tok, every e-commerce war is a hand-to-hand combat. Challengers want to snatch food from the tiger’s mouth, while leaders have to defend the city.

The head anchors of each platform are also waiting in battle. The success of 618 is the medal of the current live broadcast room and the bargaining chip in the future. They looked up at the spotlight and sang praises for GMV loudly.

We have selected dozens of anchors who are now at the head of the industry. Based on GMV, popularity, topicality and other factors, we have pick out the top ten most profitable anchors. By looking through their achievements, status and relationships with platforms and businesses, we try to figure out: How much did the hottest anchors earn from us?

Fire and ice of the first echelon

They are the heads in the head, which can be regarded as the anger of the live broadcast industry.

#first echelon ［referring to veteran leaders］#

#Richest anchor:Viya

#Platform: Taobao

#GMV in 2020: 38.688 billion yuan

Before the publication of the New Fortune 500 list in May this year, people who ate melons only knew that Viya was rich, but they didn’t know how rich she really was. Now, the answer is revealed-Viya and his wife’s wealth has reached 9 billion yuan, comparable to that of "Laoganma" Tao Huabi.

Compared with the entrepreneurial history of Laoganma for more than 20 years, the live broadcast history of Viya is only 5 years. In 2016, she sat in front of the camera of the mobile phone for the first time and began to broadcast live; In 2017, she brought 70 million goods overnight and spread the wealth story of "earning a suite overnight".

But the crisis began to come from all directions. Originally, as a big anchor, Viya had a considerable bargaining power over the brand, and he only needed to keep an eye on the situation of competitors with similar coffee spots, so he could make plans. But now, according to Time Weekly, some brands revealed that the Viya team was very concerned about the activities of brand self-broadcasting, and the latter began to encroach on Viya’s territory.

For Taobao, even with the biggest head in the live broadcast industry, there is no way to pin all their hopes on them, especially the more stable the ceiling at the top, the more wronged the situation of other anchors in Taobao. In this regard, the platform began to tilt resources to merchants. Different from the speculation that Taobao’s live broadcast resources gathered in the head anchor, some insiders revealed last year that more than 70% of Taobao’s live broadcast transactions came from shops and 30% came from Daren’s live broadcast.

Viya seems to be in a bit of a panic. From last year to this year, there have been many incidents. Recently, Viya apologized to consumers for "selling the products of Supreme". The subsidiary of Qianxun Holdings, the company behind it, was also fined 530,000 yuan by the relevant departments of Hangzhou for advertising violations.

530,000 is just a small amount for Qianxun now. You know, Viya’s GMV with goods last year was as high as 38.688 billion, and there were more and more endorsements and cooperation, and its appearance image became more and more positive. At the same time, Qianxun also attracted low-key capital injection from Junlian Capital and Yunfeng Fund, and Viya and his wife also quietly set up venture capital companies to set foot in the field of private equity investment.

In the view of Viya’s husband Dong Haifeng, Viya is a "stone", and Qian Xun is crossing the river by feeling the "stone". The accumulated methodology and resources can be empowered to the second echelon of the company. It seems that Viya, after embracing capital, has made plans for the future.

#first echelon ［referring to veteran leaders］#

#Highest volume anchor:Li Jiaqi

#Platform: Taobao

#GMV in 2020: 25.243 billion yuan

The outside world likes to describe the relationship between Viya and Li Jiaqi as "the king doesn’t see the king", but when Viya mentioned Li Jiaqi before, he was full of gratitude: Jia Qi was the first person to go out of Taobao Live, and no one knew himself at that time. It was Jia Qi who brought attention and traffic to Taobao Live and her.

But Li Jiaqi also took off with the help of the traffic of Taobao platform. At the beginning of 2017, Li Jiaqi became "the one who caught the platform traffic", and the number of live viewers soared tenfold a day.

Later, the story was like mutual achievement. Li Jiaqi was supported by the platform business system and the supply capacity of goods, and grew into a head anchor, with a loud voice and a loud voice, known as the world’s suona; The Taobao platform has also increased the order volume and GMV of the entire platform.

Today, Li Jiaqi, the head anchor, can still contribute pretty good-looking data. Last year, he brought goods of 25.243 billion yuan. According to the statistics of the third party, on the first day of the pre-sale of Tmall 618 on May 24th, the live broadcast room in Li Jiaqi captured 2.565 billion yuan in sales, pushing Viya’s 2.379 billion yuan to the top.

So how much money can Li Jiaqi make? In 2019, he revealed that his monthly income exceeded 7 figures. By the Double Eleven in 2020, according to the data of turnover, pit fees, commission rate and so on, the commission for a single live broadcast in Li Jiaqi reached tens of millions, with an annual income of 3 billion yuan. -a set of old houses a day seems to have a chance.

But Li Jiaqi also had to start paving the way for himself. The establishment of eight companies in three years is just an outpost, and advertising, variety shows and recording programs for pets are all tests. He has his own anxiety: "Li Jiaqi will disappear one day, and the live broadcast will disappear one day. What I am thinking now is not what to do if the traffic is gone, but what posture I stand in front of everyone on the day when I disappear. "

Whether he admits it or not, now he is more and more like a star, at least according to some data-his fans in Weibo have reached 29.29 million, compared with 29.22 million in Xiao Zhan Weibo and 18 million in YCY.

#first echelon ［referring to veteran leaders］#

#The anchor who knows the pink circle best:– Simba

#Platform: Aauto Quicker

#GMV in 2020: 8.667 billion yuan

Aauto Quicker should be decentralized, especially Simba. This article is almost interpreted as the primary policy of Aauto Quicker e-commerce in the past two years.

In 2019, the sales of Simba live broadcast goods reached 13.3 billion, and in 2020 it was 8.667 billion, which was the absolute head. This kind of achievement has made Simba, who is famous for his true temperament, repeatedly argue with the platform. Recently, he settled accounts with Aauto Quicker in front of the camera and said that he spent 25 million yuan to buy traffic, but the number of viewers after one hour was only 800,000. "Where did I spend 20 to 30 million yuan?"

But for Simba, tens of millions are just "sprinkling water". Last year, because of the bird’s nest incident, he lost 60 million yuan and was awarded the title for 60 days. Two months later, Simba came back and led the anchors of the family to bow and shout slogans. I even knelt down on one knee and "take all users home". I have to say that although Simba only hangs out in the live broadcast world, the thinking of pink circle is much stronger than that of many people in the entertainment circle. Everyone knows the means of abusing and fixing powder, but it is still greatly shocked.

During the title period, in order not to be forgotten, Simba repeatedly brushed his sense of existence in the live broadcast of his disciples, or flashed by in the live broadcast room; Or let the apprentice help him abuse powder. His favorite pupil, Dan Zi, once burst into tears in the live broadcast: "I am just worried that I didn’t take good care of my family when Master was away."

Simba was sober. After noticing Aauto Quicker’s firm determination to "go to Simba", he proposed that he would shift his personal focus to the field of enterprise management and supply chain research without affecting the dream of the whole company.

Now he brings goods only once or twice a month, but his sales can reach 258 million per game. In order to calculate Simba’s income, it is far from enough to only calculate the number of his live broadcasts, because Simba’s disciples occupy several seats on the popular anchor list, and each of these anchors means hundreds of millions of yuan in income and share.

Billions of dollars a year may not be difficult for Simba now. I still remember that when Simba first made her debut, she had to make a list to get in touch with the red people. Today, the audience of e-commerce live broadcast can even be divided into women in Viya, all the girls in Li Jiaqi and Simba’s family.

#first echelon ［referring to veteran leaders］#

#　The most progressive anchor:Luo Yonghao

#　Platform: Tik Tok

#　GMV in 2020: 2.037 billion yuan

The audience of e-commerce live broadcast is of course friends in Luo Yonghao.

On April Fool’s Day last year, Luo Yonghao brought goods in Tik Tok for the first time. There were many small mistakes and big mistakes. Putting the charge of calling the brand name wrong on other anchors had long been scolded for being unprofessional, but Luo Yonghao Road was popular, and the sparse head bowed to apologize aroused the love of fans.

For Simba, the platform is like ice, but for Lao Luo, the platform is fire. In his growing history of live broadcast, Tik Tok played the role of knowing each other from childhood. At that time, Tik Tok needed the stunt of "paying off debts", and Lao Luo needed Tik Tok’s user base, echo each other, which made his first live broadcast pit fee reach the peak figure of 600,000.

Although the peak is difficult to break, the technology flow Lao Luo has realized the feasibility of live broadcast debt repayment. In the next few live broadcasts, he constantly updated his equipment and practiced his mouth. On weekdays, he also recorded a small video with a preview, which seemed to be a professional-level anchor.

Analyzing the development process of making friends in the live broadcast room, it took only a few months to change from a small room to a large-scale production. Up to now, there are more than seven camera positions. At the end of April this year, Luo Yonghao also moved its base from Beijing to Hangzhou, the e-commerce base camp.

How much is the income, so that Luo Yonghao can pay off his debts from giving it a try to studying live broadcast with peace of mind? According to the data, in 2020, the sales of Luo Yonghao will be 2.037 billion since it started broadcasting in April. At an event, Luo Yonghao also responded that "the profit is more than 10%". In this year, it is not a problem to earn hundreds of millions of dollars, and it is by no means bragging to pay off debts in 2021.

On June 11th, Luo Yonghao went to the hot search again because he was executed over 18 million yuan. He made a friend and the live broadcast room responded that this is also a legacy, and "Luo Yonghao is trying to make money". 18 million, which is probably more than half a month’s live broadcast income. It was also executed, and this time he didn’t look so miserable.

Tik Tok is also developing well. According to the late LatePost report, the GMV of e-commerce in Tik Tok exceeded 500 billion in 2020, more than three times that of 2019, and its GMV target for 2021 is 1,000 billion, doubling again.

Such a high GMV is reflected in the revenue of the platform, which really makes a lot of money. According to 36Kr, the actual income of ByteDance Company in 2020 is 236.6 billion yuan. But perhaps because of Byte’s ambition, its operating loss reached 14.7 billion yuan due to the development of various new businesses and the replenishment of various old and new dishes.

The song of "dream catcher" of the second echelon

The eyebrows and eyes in the head are outstanding in temperament.The data is good, but it seems that the sword goes sideways.

#second echelon#

#Forever third anchor:snow pear

#Platform: Taobao

#GMV in 2020: 6.68 billion yuan

Just as there are about 10 universities ranked third in China, there are at least 10 candidates for the title of the third largest anchor in the industry. But if we just compete in the Amoy Department, Sydney is well deserved.

It’s not easy to keep the third place. The average live broadcast in Viya is 28 days a month, and 30 days from June 14th, Sydney has 30 live broadcasts, with a total sales of 2.18 billion yuan.

Earlier, Sydney was not the third, she was the first. In 2017, Alibaba released the Internet Consumption Impact List of online celebrity, and Sydney ranked first with a comprehensive impact score of 97.9, followed by Zhang Dayi (94.8) who later went public with Ruhan, and Grace Chow (73.0) who tore Show Lo.

As the first generation of online celebrity, Zhang Dayi and Sydney took different paths in the live broadcast. In 2016, double 11, Zhang Dayi created a sales record of 20 million yuan in two hours, but after she brought the goods, she bluntly said that the live broadcast mode of competing for a long time was "a little tired" and "would make everyone feel aesthetic fatigue".

Sydney has long realized the truth that "where there is free traffic, go there". While making a lot of money with the help of clothing stores, she seized the live broadcast outlet and made the number of fans in her own store more than 25 million all the way, ranking first in Taobao women’s wear category.

Recently, she stepped into the medical beauty project again, from photon rejuvenation and hot Maggie to super plastic lip augmentation and super picosecond. In a new field that Li Jiaqi and Viya have not stepped into for the time being, Sydney, a veteran from online celebrity, rushed ahead. According to the data of Zhigua, in a live broadcast of "3 7 Sydney First Medical Beauty Festival" featuring medical beauty products and various medical beauty project cards, the sales of Sydney were fixed at 182 million. Since the unit price and profit rate of such products are not low, her income will naturally rise.

I’m very busy with goods, but on the Weibo in Sydney, there are serious essays, casual and exquisite nine squares, rich life and VLOG. She is a money-making online celebrity, an idol of young girls, and a force to be reckoned with in the live broadcast field.

However, there seems to be an insurmountable barrier between her and Viya and Li Jiaqi. In 2020, Viya’s sales reached 38.688 billion yuan, Li Jiaqi’s 25.243 billion yuan, and Sydney’s only 6.68 billion yuan. It is conservatively estimated that her commission this year is less than 700 million yuan.

#second echelon#

#The fastest retrogressive anchor:Sanda ge

#Platform: Aauto Quicker

#GMV in 2020: 3.473 billion yuan

The same person who started the platform, if the rapid progress of Luo Yonghao proves that live broadcast is the outlet, then the swift retreat of Aauto Quicker Sanda Brother proves that this bowl of rice for e-commerce is not so easy to eat.

In 2018, at the first 618 Cargo Festival held in Aauto Quicker, Sanda Brother, who had the largest number of fans on the whole platform at that time, topped the list with a record of 160 million live broadcast sales, and successfully helped Aauto Quicker e-commerce break the circle. In the second half of the double eleven, Sanda brother also achieved outstanding results, without any introduction. A sentence of "Brothers, give me a second" can make 20,000 down jackets sold out.

This is the strength of the clans in Aauto Quicker Jianghu.

At first, Aauto Quicker live broadcast did not have the product logic of e-commerce with goods, but it had a strong guild style. Anchors often made profits by playing lists, and then six families including Simba family, Sanda family and donkey family class were produced, which became the big V of the platform to be reckoned with.

In essence, the family leaders headed by Sanda Brother belong to entertainment anchors. Although they have tens of millions of fans, they are not professional in the business of bringing goods. Sanda Brother and Simba were banned by Aauto Quicker at the same time because of the dispute of Aauto Quicker Brother. When Sanda brother comes back, he obviously can’t adapt to the life of a standardized and professional e-commerce anchor. In December last year, Sanda brother even announced that the birthday live broadcast was without goods after realizing his embarrassing situation that "every live broadcast must drop powder".

On the one hand, the rise of Simba, the "old enemy", and on the other hand, the Aauto Quicker platform, after its rapid rise, is keeping away from the six families, and the Sanda brother with rhythm can’t be found, and the cargo data is getting worse and worse. From last year’s annual GMV of 3.473 billion, the conservative annual revenue was more than 300 million, and the latest sales volume was only 92,000. It is difficult to find the trace of Sanda brother in the list of red people.

But even this retrogression did not stop Sanda brother from continuing to bring goods, and 50 million fans gave him the last confidence. In the live broadcast room, Sanda brother responded: "I don’t brag, I have 100 million deposits now! I can retire at any time, but I can’t! Just broadcast it, and there are more than 50,000 incomes … "

#second echelon#

#mostAnchor who doesn’t care about money:Big wolf dog couple

#Platform: Tik Tok

#GMV in 2020: 636 million yuan

These days, some anchors are loud, and some anchors have many plots.

Like elder brother Sanda and Simba, who shouted wheat to the old irons, Zheng Jianpeng and Yan Zhen, the "big German shepherd couple", conquered the sinking market, but their staff was not your second uncle in the village, but a charterer and a charterer who had too much inheritance at home and could only live by collecting rent.

In countless videos, the couple first wore shabby clothes and spoke authentic Cantonese. Soon, the picture turned into a scene where they were carrying snakeskin bags and holding dozens of keys, and married with children went to collect rent. Sometimes, the couple will shout the slogan "If you don’t work hard at ordinary times, you can only collect rent when you grow up" to the daughter who appears in the camera.

Yanzhen mentioned in an interview that their creative inspiration comes from real experience. According to her memory, she took people to see the house for her parents with a keychain since she was a child, and "this is the life that local villagers are used to." Similar plots are continuously exported, and there are fans’ comments below: "As a Cantonese, I feel very cordial."

The plot is just paving the way, and the live broadcast with goods is the serious matter. Some people described the couple as Phoenix Legend in the live broadcast circle, but they did circle a large wave of fans who were willing to pay the bill. At the beginning of this year, the couple’s weekly sales reached 306 million yuan, setting a new record for e-commerce in Tik Tok.

In the data list, they have relatively few deliveries, but their average sales can reach 20 million. Last year, their GMV was 636 million yuan, and it is conservatively estimated that their revenue was more than 60 million yuan. However, there is a well-known live broadcaster in Tik Tok, Worry-Free Media. According to GMV data, Worry-Free Media is the second largest live broadcaster in Tik Tok in 2020, second only to Make Friends in Luo Yonghao. In addition to the Big Wolf Dog couple, Tik Tok online celebrity, a well-known artist in, such as Wuyou and Sister Mao Mao and Wen Elf, is also a member of Worry-Free Media, and they are all famous for their dramas.

I’m addicted to tricks again, and I’ve made money again. No one can read it without saying a word. I don’t know which is more profitable for the big wolf dog couple, rent collection or live broadcast.

The song of "loser" of the third echelon

The mouth and nose in the head are pitiful, weak and helpless, but they can eat and blow.

#the third echelon#

#　The anchor with the most scenes:Ting Zhang

#　Platform: Tik Tok

#　GMV in 2020: 735 million yuan

Zhang Ting, a star who will not be too surprised when he appears in Hot Search.

Recently, in the live broadcast room, she said, "Do you know how hard I work? 365 days a year, I worked for 356 days without rest, and tears pattered off, complaining bitterly about how tired I was at work and how hard it was to earn money. Zhang Ting probably didn’t expect that the masses really couldn’t empathize with themselves who bought a building by the Huangpu River with a stroke of 1.7 billion yuan.

Before becoming the leader of Tik Tok’s live star list, Zhang Ting’s most worthy commercial achievement was the secret of TST Court, a Wechat business brand founded with her husband Lin Ruiyang. With their connections accumulated in their early years, the couple recruited Tao Hong, Xú Zhēng, Lin Chi-ling, Ming Dow and others to speak for them, and soon became the top stream in Wechat business.

How much money does a Wechat business brand make? The tax payment of Shanghai Darway Trading Co., Ltd. behind the secret of the court reached an astonishing 1.26 billion yuan in 2018, becoming the tax champion of Qingpu District in Shanghai that year. With this aura, Zhang Ting seized the opportunity to enter the live broadcast circle.

On June 10th, 2020, Zhang Ting held her first live show with goods in Tik Tok. The products covered skin care and beauty, 3C digital, food and beverage, daily necessities and small household appliances. Five of the 30 models were her own products. In the end, she took 256 million goods in five hours. From June to the end of the year, Zhang Ting brought 735 million yuan in goods, and the live broadcast revenue was over 70 million yuan.

Despite his wealth, Zhang Ting often stressed that he was living an ordinary life, spending only 10 yuan a day and giving her husband only 1,500 yuan in pocket money every month.

In the live broadcast of the 612th anniversary this year, there were 10 kinds of Zhang Ting’s own products, among which one mask contributed the largest sales except Apple’s mobile phone, reaching 8.47 million. This figure brings Zhang Ting not only the share of the anchor commission, but also its profits as a brand, both of which are good.

In his own live broadcast room, selling his own goods, isn’t entrepreneur Zhang Ting just opening a whole supply chain by himself?

#the third echelon#

#The most prone to rollover anchor:Two donkey couples

#Platform: Aauto Quicker

#GMV in 2020: 1.65 billion yuan

In the past month, the two donkey couples went out of the circle. Frequent hot searches in Weibo make the couple’s names firmly tied to the fake mobile phone.

In May, the two donkeys were caught by professionals selling knockoff Dowell mobile phones, which directly promoted the comprehensive management of the mobile phone industry by Aauto Quicker platform, and payout ratio achieved the goal of buying one and losing nine. Since then, buying fakes is like winning a prize, which is very valuable.

ZTE’s mobile phone, which once appeared in the live broadcast room of the couple, was also taken off the shelf as a cottage machine for rectification. Unexpectedly, in order to punish Gui Li for accidentally injuring likui jy, ZTE Mobile announced that the mobile phone sold in Erlu Live Room was not produced by itself, and the products involved had nothing to do with ZTE. A few days later, Aauto Quicker forwarded it, saying that it would resume ZTE’s brand investment, much like the embarrassing situation that Tencent sued Laodopted Mother last year.

With so many anchors, it is the first time that the platform can be so shameful.

As another soul figure of Aauto Quicker’s six families, the owner of Aauto Quicker Donkey’s family, who is a businessman, is good at "blowing". Although he is not in the scientific and technological circle, he can also sell mobile phones with the classic TV shopping speech of "the original price is 4,999 and only 899".

The data shows that Er Donkey and Sister-in-law Ping Rong have put on eight smart phones in the last five live broadcasts, with sales reaching 79.01 million, which is the largest part of their total sales. Several mobile phones sold by the couple are brands such as Tianyu and Duowei, which have almost disappeared in the mobile phone market. The low price also caters to the needs of the audience in the live broadcast room of the couple.

Although it was also transformed from an entertainment anchor, Er Lv’s delivery performance today is much better than that of Sanda Brother. Together with Simba, He is the only Aauto Quicker family power that can make monthly sales exceed 50 million. In 2020, the sales of the couple’s live broadcast room added up to 1.65 billion, and it is conservatively estimated that the revenue is more than 160 million.

The good results ended in June this year. According to the requirements of buying one and losing three, the two donkeys just lost more than 50 million yuan for the 12PRO mobile phone. But this figure is still lower than that boasted by the second donkey-the second donkey couple once said in the live broadcast room that if there are fakes, he will pay a hundred times, not 899, but 89999. According to the second donkey’s cottage goods rate, this new "financial management method" is no more profitable than a green fund?

#the third echelon#

#Anchor banned for 630 years:Yin shihang

#Platform: Aauto Quicker

#GMV in 2020: No such person has been found.

Since Simba held a wedding attended by 42 stars, a demon wind of live wedding and bringing goods by the way swept through the fast flashlight business circle.

Yin Shihang has sprung up by this routine. On May 15th, his engagement ceremony made his popularity reach the top in Aauto Quicker, and even rushed to the top of the hot search list in Weibo, and he was successful. Of course, in addition to the heat, he also harvested more than 230,000 reports. According to Aauto Quicker employees, according to the logic of "sentencing", Yin Shihang will be banned by Aauto Quicker for 230,000 days-630 years, which is longer than the Monkey King’s time under Wuzhishan.

Prior to this, holding a wedding has even become the wealth password of Aauto Quicker online celebrity. Even after Aauto Quicker announced that "live selling of goods in the form of acting and speculation will be severely cracked down", dramas such as "engagement, divorce and breakup" clearly marked in the ban are still emerging one after another.

Yin Shihang proposed marriage four times in half a year, and he is likely to run away after fishing. Last year, he did not find this person in the list of the top 100 live sales. Through frequent hype, Yin Shihang rose rapidly this year, and the single sales even caught up with Taobao TOP3 Sydney and Xin Xuan’s female cat and sister, exceeding 40 million.

In order to create momentum for the engagement of the century, Yin Shihang took great pains to propose marriage, ride a white horse and send a bride price. But the plot is just a gimmick, and bringing goods is the purpose. For example, he spent 10 minutes introducing the gift he prepared for Taolu, and when the conversation turned, he found a manufacturer to make 1,001 copies. "But I only sent Taolu one person, and the remaining 1,000 copies were wasted." There was no way, so I had to make a 10% discount to the fans.

The effect of this move is really good. With this engagement, Yin Shihang completed sales of 46.3 million yuan, which can be credited to millions in one night. However, people who come to see the engagement will be miserable. In the five and a half hours of live broadcast, there are five hours of goods, and some people really can’t hold on to the heroine’s hijab and go to sleep with resentment.

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　　(Reporter Li Jia) The Dragon Boat Festival dumplings are similar every year, but the tastes are different every year. Recently, Beijing Youth Daily reporter found in the market interview that there are many kinds of zongzi flavors in the Dragon Boat Festival market this year. In order to attract young consumers, merchants can do enough articles on "taste buds". Navel orange dumplings and lemon matcha dumplings are novel; Wenwu meat dumplings, dried bamboo shoots and chicken meat dumplings, and corn and yam dumplings are made by "steaming workers", all of which seem to make people appetite and eat a lot.

　　Individually packaged "Big Mac" zongzi weighs one catty.

　　Yesterday, the reporter of Beiqing Daily saw a row of striking green iron boxes on the shelves of the old Beijing Daoxiang Village Dongzhimen store. This is the new "steamed rice dumplings" this year. Although the price is 38 yuan, this individually packaged rice dumpling weighs 500g, which is equivalent to the total weight of four or five ordinary rice dumplings. According to the person in charge, the super-large steamed dumplings test the technical level of the masters when wrapping. "After the mold is finalized, it is made by hand, and it takes about 7 pieces of leaves alone. Fruit materials are also very rich, including pine nuts, lotus seeds, colorful honey-stained beans and other ingredients.

　　E-commerce competes for the market and delivers it to your door in 2 hours.

　　Compared with physical stores, e-commerce competes for the market with the advantage of fast delivery. The reporter found that an e-commerce company mainly delivered goods to your door in two hours. Yesterday, it sold 80,000 copies of zongzi, and eight flavors were unheard of, such as Sichuan sausage zongzi and black sesame zongzi. In particular, a "pickled pepper tastes abnormal and spicy" dumpling is even more exotic.

　　Various gimmicks challenge diners’ "taste buds"

　　During the interview with the reporter of Beiqing Daily, it was found that in addition to the novelty of stuffing, some merchants also played "cooking cards" to attract consumers. For example, a food chain store has newly introduced three products, namely Wenwu meat zongzi, dried bamboo shoots chicken zongzi and corn yam zongzi. They are nominally cooked in broth, and glutinous rice is cooked for more than 8 hours, and then they are cooked after the secret "steaming". The reporter saw that the price of two such "secret steamed workers" dumplings was 14.8 yuan, and the price was basically close to the people.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of Wal-Mart, this year, dumplings with black pepper and beef flavor and Disney series packaging are also specially listed exclusively. "Beef tenderloin with black pepper" was originally a salty and spicy dish, but now it is also "talking about things" with Zongzi. It is hard to say whether it is hype or so-called innovation, but in any case, this novel "hybrid" has left space for diners to imagine.

　　As for the changes of traditional seasonal food zongzi from taste to packaging, some consumers think that the improved taste of zongzi is too wonderful, which affects the inheritance of zongzi as a symbol of traditional culture. However, more citizens say that traditional zongzi will certainly be eaten, but the new product shows that this traditional food has been endowed with the vitality of inheritance.

State and municipal people’s governments, provincial committees, offices, departments and bureaus:

"Yunnan Province" 14 th Five-Year Plan "for the development of traditional Chinese medicine has been agreed by the provincial people’s government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

General Office of Yunnan Provincial People’s Government

September 2, 2022

(This piece is publicly released)

Development Plan of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Yunnan Province during the Tenth Five-Year Plan

In order to implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the work of traditional Chinese medicine, and the strategic tasks of the provincial party committee and the provincial government on building a strong province of traditional Chinese medicine, and to clarify the overall thinking, development goals and major tasks of the development of traditional Chinese medicine in our province during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, This plan is formulated according to Opinions of the State Council City, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Notice of General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Development Plan of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the 14th Five-Year Plan, Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Yunnan Province and the Long-term Target in the Year 2035, Outline of Healthy Yunnan 2030, and Plan for the Development of Health Care in Yunnan Province in the 14th Five-Year Plan.

I. Planning background

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the provincial party committee and the provincial government resolutely implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on Chinese medicine work and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and made great progress in all aspects of Chinese medicine work.

Policies and measures have been continuously improved. It has successively issued the Implementation Opinions on Implementing the Strategic Plan for the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2016-2030), the Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Inheritance, Innovation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Several Measures on Accelerating the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and actively promoted the revision of the Regulations on Traditional Chinese Medicine in Yunnan Province.

The service system is improving day by day. The new campus of the Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine was completed and put into use, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was put into operation, and the state and city hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine achieved full coverage. Thirteen new county-level hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine were built, and the number of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine in the province increased from 157 to 193, and two new hospitals of first-class Chinese medicine were added. The number of beds in TCM medical institutions increased from 25,640 to 37,752, and the number of beds in public TCM hospitals per thousand population increased from 0.46 to 0.64. The number of non-TCM medical institutions with TCM clinical departments increased from 555 to 1021, and the setting rates of "TCM clinics" in township hospitals and community health service centers reached 99.35% and 81.4% respectively.

The service capacity has been greatly improved. 19 new national and provincial regional TCM (specialist) diagnosis and treatment centers, 10 key clinical disciplines, and 133 provincial key TCM specialties. The coverage of Chinese medicine services in township hospitals, community health service centers, village clinics and community health service stations reached 99.6%, 99.4%, 89.2% and 96.6% respectively, and the number of primary medical institutions providing Chinese medicine services increased from 7,350 to 12,908. The annual number of medical consultations increased from 22.79 million to 31.47 million, and the annual number of discharged patients increased from 933,000 to 1.548 million. Chinese medicine has treated nearly 16,000 cases of AIDS patients and virus-infected people. Chinese medicine has made important contributions to the prevention and treatment of epidemic situation in COVID-19.

The quality of personnel training has improved significantly. Yunnan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine was successfully renamed as Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and obtained the first-class doctoral degree authorization point of traditional Chinese medicine. The talent training system of apprenticeship education and post-graduation education, which is connected with college education, has been basically completed, the incentive mechanism for talent training has been accelerated, and the measures to support the growth of Chinese medicine talents have been continuously improved. One person was selected as a "master of Chinese medicine", two people were selected as "national famous Chinese medicine practitioners", two people won the "National Outstanding Contribution Award of Chinese medicine", and 177 famous Chinese medicine practitioners and grassroots Chinese medicine practitioners in Yunnan Province were selected. More than 1,000 backbone talents with Chinese medicine characteristics have been trained, and nearly 10,000 qualified doctors have been trained in a standardized way, with more than 20% of grassroots Chinese medicine personnel. The number of practicing (assistant) doctors in Chinese medicine per thousand population increased from 0.2 to 0.4.

New achievements have been made in scientific and technological innovation. Promote the construction of clinical research bases of traditional Chinese medicine, and build 4 scientific research laboratories and 3 key research laboratories of traditional Chinese medicine. The province’s traditional Chinese medicine system has won more than 40 provincial and ministerial research projects and 11 provincial and ministerial research awards. More than 100 Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) documents have been compiled and published, and more than 100 characteristic diagnosis and treatment technologies have been excavated.

Cultural construction is accelerating. Continue to carry out the popularization of popular science culture of "Chinese medicine in China" and the large-scale free clinic activities of "Chinese medicine serving people’s health", continuously improve the citizens’ health and cultural literacy of Chinese medicine, and continuously expand the cultural influence of Chinese medicine. Construction of "China-Myanmar Chinese Medicine Center", provincial Chinese medicine hospital was selected as the national Chinese medicine service export base. Five traditional medicine projects are listed in the list of representative projects of national intangible cultural heritage.

Multi-format integration development. The planting area of Chinese herbal medicines ranks first in the country, and the comprehensive output value of Chinese herbal medicine industry exceeds 100 billion yuan. Completed the fourth national survey of Chinese medicine resources, supported the construction of two seed and seedling breeding bases of Chinese medicine, identified 103 "designated pharmaceutical parks", and built a healthy tourism base of Chinese medicine represented by Kunming Xinglin Grand View Garden and Tengchong "Medicine Palace".

With the constant change of people’s health concept and profound changes of healthy lifestyle, Chinese medicine has many advantages and conditions in the construction of healthy Yunnan. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an active and unique role in the prevention and control of epidemic situation in COVID-19, and its role in health care, old-age care, rehabilitation and health care has been increasingly recognized by the broad masses of the people. However, the problem of unbalanced development of traditional Chinese medicine in our province is still outstanding, the service system still needs to be further improved, the infrastructure construction of medical institutions is generally lagging behind, the service ability and level of traditional Chinese medicine are generally low, the total amount of talents is insufficient and the high-level talents are scarce, the synergy between Chinese and Western medicine is insufficient, and the ability to participate in public health emergencies is insufficient. The total scale and quality of the traditional Chinese medicine industry are small, and the governance system that follows the laws of traditional Chinese medicine needs to be improved urgently. It is urgent to speed up the filling of shortcomings, change the development mode, and accelerate the innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Second, the overall requirements

(A) the guiding ideology

Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the previous plenary sessions of the 19th National Congress, thoroughly implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on Chinese medicine work and inspect the spirit of Yunnan’s important speech, closely focus on the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on accelerating the development of Chinese medicine and the work requirements of the provincial party committee and government, base on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, serve and integrate into the new development pattern, and promote high-quality development; Adhere to the people-centered, pay equal attention to Chinese and Western medicine, inherit the essence, keep the integrity and innovate, focus on improving the development level of Chinese medicine, focus on improving the management system and policy mechanism of Chinese medicine, and aim at improving and safeguarding people’s health, further expand the field of Chinese medicine services, promote the coordination of Chinese and Western medicine, and promote the revitalization and development of Chinese medicine as a whole, making new contributions to the construction of healthy Yunnan and ensuring people’s health.

(2) Basic principles

Adhere to the overall leadership of the party. Adhere to the Party’s health and wellness policy in the new era, improve the system and mechanism for the development of Chinese medicine under the leadership of the Party, promote the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity of Chinese medicine, and provide a fundamental political guarantee for the high-quality development of Chinese medicine.

Adhere to the people as the center. Adhere to the development of Chinese medicine for the people, and the achievements of Chinese medicine development will benefit the people. With the goal of safeguarding people’s health and enjoying Chinese medicine health services for everyone, we will provide people with multi-level, diversified and high-quality Chinese medicine health services.

Adhere to the law of development. Follow the characteristics and development law of traditional Chinese medicine, follow the original thinking of syndrome differentiation and treatment, inherit the essence, be upright and innovative, combine the original thinking of traditional Chinese medicine with modern science and technology, deeply explore the essence of traditional Chinese medicine, and promote the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Insist on deepening reform and innovation. Identify the key links that restrict the development of Chinese medicine, further reform and improve the development system and mechanism of Chinese medicine around the goal of high-quality development, refine and improve the development measures of Chinese medicine, and promote the coordinated development of the "six-in-one" of medical care, health care, education, scientific research, industry and culture of Chinese medicine, and continuously improve the development level of Chinese medicine.

Adhere to overall planning and coordination. Coordinate the coordinated development of Chinese and western medicine with the concept of great health, adhere to equal emphasis on Chinese and western medicine, enhance the ability of integrating Chinese and western medicine, and promote complementary advantages. Take all aspects of the development of traditional Chinese medicine into consideration, and constantly enhance the integrity and systematicness of the development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Adhere to government leadership. Strengthen the responsibilities of the government in the planning, policy, investment and supervision of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively create a good policy environment and development conditions for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine. Actively play the role of the market, encourage and mobilize social forces to support and promote the development of Chinese medicine.

(3) Development goals

By 2025, the system and mechanism for the high-quality development of Chinese medicine will be further improved, the policies and systems for the development of Chinese medicine will be further improved, the service capacity of Chinese medicine will be significantly improved, and the development of Chinese medicine industry will achieve positive results, and the important supporting role of Chinese medicine in the construction of healthy Yunnan will be further highlighted.

-The Chinese medicine service system has been improved. Basically, a Chinese medicine service system with provincial Chinese medicine medical institutions as the leader, Chinese medicine departments of state, city and county Chinese medicine hospitals and other medical institutions as the backbone, grass-roots medical and health institutions as the foundation, and social Chinese medicine as the supplement, integrating preventive health care, disease treatment and rehabilitation, will be established.

-the service capacity of Chinese medicine has been significantly improved. Promote the promotion of Chinese medicine medical institutions to meet the standards and expand the quality medical resources of Chinese medicine. Deeply implement the "three strategies" of traditional Chinese medicine, and cultivate "famous doctors, famous subjects and famous medicines" with certain influence. We will promote the implementation of the health promotion project for the prevention of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine and the improvement project for the rehabilitation service capacity of traditional Chinese medicine, increase the cooperation between Chinese and Western medicine, improve the treatment level of major diseases with the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, and enhance the public health emergency response capacity of traditional Chinese medicine.

-continuous optimization of the contingent of Chinese medicine talents. Implement the national talent training project with Chinese medicine characteristics, and establish and improve the talent training system at the provincial, prefecture and county levels. Reform the training mode of Chinese medicine talents, increase the training of Chinese medicine talents, further optimize the structure of Chinese medicine talents, continuously improve the quality of grassroots Chinese medicine talents, and enrich the total number of Chinese medicine talents. Strengthen the cultivation of ethnic medicine talents and give full play to their role.

-the scientific research level of traditional Chinese medicine has been significantly improved. Further promote the research and inheritance of Yunnan local characteristic TCM academic schools, strengthen the protection and excavation of ethnic medicine ancient books, and form and popularize a number of local schools’ academic ideas, diagnosis and treatment experience and characteristic technologies. We will promote the establishment of a scientific and technological innovation system that combines the use of Chinese medicine in Industry-University-Research, promote breakthroughs in Chinese medicine theory and diagnosis and treatment technology, and promote the transformation of scientific research results of Chinese medicine.

-Integrated development of Chinese medicine industry. Strengthen the protection and utilization of Chinese herbal medicine resources and promote the standardized cultivation of authentic Chinese herbal medicines. Develop Chinese medicine health service industry, improve the supply level of Chinese medicine health service, and promote the integration and development of Chinese medicine multi-formats.

-Chinese medicine culture has been further developed. The popularization of Chinese medicine culture and health education have been carried out in depth, and the level of citizens’ Chinese medicine health culture literacy has been further improved. High-quality Chinese medicine has been integrated into the "Belt and Road" construction, foreign exchanges and cooperation of Chinese medicine have been continuously expanded, and the influence of Yunnan Chinese medicine has been further expanded.

III. Main tasks

(A) to speed up the improvement of Chinese medicine service system.

1. Be a strong leader. Promote the upgrading and expansion of provincial Chinese medicine hospitals, support provincial Chinese medicine hospitals to build high-level Chinese medicine hospitals and Chinese medicine medical care centers that radiate South Asia and Southeast Asia, build provincial ethnic medicine hospitals based on provincial Chinese medicine hospitals, and strengthen the leading and exemplary role of provincial Chinese medicine medical groups. Support the Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine to build a provincial rehabilitation hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, and actively create a third-class first-class hospital of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

2. Be a big backbone. Strengthen the construction of state, city and county-level Chinese medicine hospitals, promote the construction of key hospitals with Chinese medicine characteristics, promote the implementation of a number of county-level Chinese medicine hospitals to raise standards and expand capacity, fill in the shortcomings of infrastructure construction of Chinese medicine medical institutions, and improve the conditions for Chinese medicine medical institutions to run medical services. Support qualified counties, cities and districts to build a number of county-run Chinese medicine medical institutions. Support qualified Chinese medicine hospitals to take the lead in setting up medical complexes and county medical communities, and support the construction of Chinese medicine specialist alliances. Support medical institutions at all levels to build a famous yiguang and a Chinese Medicine Hall.

3. Tamp the base. Implement the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" action plan of the grass-roots Chinese medicine service capacity improvement project. Promote the full coverage of community health service centers and Chinese medicine clinics in township hospitals, support 15% of community health service centers and Chinese medicine clinics in township hospitals to carry out service connotation construction, and support 10% of community health service stations and village clinics to build "Chinese medicine pavilions". Encourage qualified Chinese medicine clinics to form a team of family doctors to carry out contract services. 100% of community health service centers and township hospitals can standardize 6 categories and more than 10 appropriate technologies of Chinese medicine, and 100% of community health service stations and more than 80% of village clinics can standardize 4 categories and more than 6 appropriate technologies of Chinese medicine.

4. Improve others. Strengthen the construction of clinical departments of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese pharmacy in general hospitals, specialized hospitals and maternal and child health hospitals, support the establishment of gynecology and pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine in maternal and child health hospitals, and organize the establishment of demonstration units of traditional Chinese medicine work in general hospitals. Support social forces to set up Chinese medicine medical institutions, and encourage qualified Chinese medicine professionals and technicians, especially famous old Chinese medicine practitioners, to set up Chinese medicine clinics. By 2025, more than 95% of public general hospitals will set up clinical departments of traditional Chinese medicine and meet the Basic Standards for Clinical Departments of Traditional Chinese Medicine in General Hospitals, and the proportion of third-level and second-level maternal and child health hospitals setting up clinical departments of traditional Chinese medicine will reach 80% and 70% respectively.

(2) Focus on improving the service capacity of Chinese medicine.

1. Give full play to the unique role of Chinese medicine in health services.

Strengthen the ability of disease prevention. We will carry out special actions to promote the health of traditional Chinese medicine, set up preventive departments in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and qualified general hospitals, specialized hospitals and maternal and child health care centers, standardize the preventive services of traditional Chinese medicine such as health consultation and evaluation, intervention and conditioning, and follow-up management, and popularize the concepts and methods of preventive treatment of traditional Chinese medicine. Continue to strengthen the prevention and treatment of cancer with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and explore the construction of a cancer prevention and treatment network with traditional Chinese medicine. In the national basic public health service projects, we will enrich the content of Chinese medicine prevention and treatment, encourage family doctors to provide Chinese medicine contract services, continue to carry out Chinese medicine health management for key groups such as children aged 0-36 months and elderly people over 65 years old, and gradually improve the coverage rate. We will carry out pilot projects for the prevention and treatment of myopia, scoliosis and obesity in children and adolescents, and promote the application of appropriate technologies of Chinese medicine in children’s health care and women’s postpartum rehabilitation.

Enhance the ability of disease diagnosis and treatment. Promote the promotion of Chinese medicine hospitals to meet the standards. More than 80% of state-level Chinese medicine hospitals meet the standards of third-class first-class Chinese medicine hospitals, more than 90% of county-level Chinese medicine hospitals meet the standards of second-class first-class Chinese medicine hospitals, and no less than 15 county-level Chinese medicine hospitals meet the standards of third-class Chinese medicine hospitals. More than 90% of the county-level Chinese medicine hospitals have reached the national basic standards and more than 50% have reached the recommended standards. We will implement the project of cultivating the characteristics and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine, and strengthen the specialties of traditional Chinese medicine such as bone injury, anorectal, pediatrics, skin, gynecology, acupuncture, massage, tumor, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, lung diseases, spleen and stomach diseases, nephropathy and peripheral vascular diseases. Strengthen the training of TCM knowledge and skills of nursing staff, and support the pilot project of TCM nursing outpatient service. By 2025, five provincial-level clinical medical centers of traditional Chinese medicine and no less than 30 sub-centers of cities and prefectures will be built, 20 provincial-level clinical key disciplines of traditional Chinese medicine and no less than 300 specialties of traditional Chinese medicine will be supported, and no less than 40 diagnosis and treatment schemes for dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine will be promoted.

Strengthen the characteristic rehabilitation ability. The rehabilitation (medicine) department has been strengthened in Chinese medicine hospitals above the second level. All rehabilitation hospitals have traditional rehabilitation treatment rooms, and other medical institutions providing rehabilitation services are generally able to provide Chinese medicine services. Explore the rehabilitation service model that is conducive to giving full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine, promote the integration of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese sports and modern rehabilitation technology, develop rehabilitation medicine with Chinese characteristics, and promote the research and development of rehabilitation instruments for traditional Chinese medicine. For cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, pneumoconiosis, cerebral palsy and other chronic diseases and disabilities, we will formulate and promote TCM rehabilitation programs to promote TCM rehabilitation technology into communities, families and institutions. By 2025, no less than 75% of the second-level Chinese medicine hospitals and 85% of the third-level Chinese medicine hospitals will set up rehabilitation departments, and no less than four provincial-level Chinese medicine rehabilitation demonstration bases will be built.

2. Improve the public health emergency capacity of traditional Chinese medicine.

Establish and improve the working mechanism of integrating Chinese medicine into infectious disease prevention and public health emergency response. Accelerate the establishment of a clinical treatment system of infectious diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, and accelerate the construction of a national base for the prevention and treatment of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine and emergency medical rescue based on the provincial hospital of traditional Chinese medicine. Relying on institutions of higher learning and enterprises to establish a basic research and industrial innovation platform for the prevention and treatment of epidemics in traditional Chinese medicine. Promote the establishment of fever clinics in tertiary public Chinese medicine hospitals and qualified secondary Chinese medicine hospitals, and strengthen the construction of weak departments such as infectious diseases, critical care medicine (emergency department) and pulmonary diseases, and convertible infectious diseases and intensive care units in Chinese medicine hospitals.

We will build a scientific research support platform for Chinese medicine to deal with public health emergencies, strengthen the research on the treatment of major infectious diseases with Chinese medicine, and increase the research and development of new drugs and preparations for medical institutions to prevent and treat major infectious diseases with Chinese medicine. Strengthen the construction of experts in emergency treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, formulate and improve a number of TCM prevention and treatment plans for major infectious diseases, and strengthen the reserve of emergency materials, medicines, equipment, facilities, technology and human resources of traditional Chinese medicine. Encourage exploring the establishment of Chinese medicine departments in disease prevention and control institutions, equipped with a team of Chinese medicine experts.

3. Develop minority medicine.

Strengthen the construction of key specialties of Dai, Tibetan, Yi and other ethnic medicine, and build no less than 10 specialties of ethnic medicine. Formulate the diagnosis and treatment plan for dominant diseases of Dai, Tibetan, Yi and other ethnic medicine, and carry out clinical efficacy evaluation and drug use characteristics research. Strengthen the rescue, collection, collation and research of ancient documents of ethnic and folk Chinese medicine, classic prescriptions, oral instruction and other medical materials, and screen and popularize a number of characteristic diagnosis and treatment technologies of ethnic medicine. Compile the catalogue of Yunnan minority medical classics, techniques and prescriptions, screen and form a batch of single prescriptions for ethnic medicine and popularize them.

4. Promote the coordinated development of Chinese and Western medicine.

Improve the cooperative mechanism of Chinese and western medicine. Support the construction of provincial integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals and further enhance their service capabilities. Promote the "mechanism, team, measures and effective" medical model of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in general hospitals, promote general hospitals, specialist hospitals and maternal and child health centers to standardize the establishment of a multidisciplinary consultation system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and formulate and implement the "appropriate Chinese medicine is suitable for Chinese medicine, and appropriate western medicine is suitable for western medicine" diagnosis and treatment plan. Incorporate indicators such as the proportion of TCM diagnosis and treatment into the grade evaluation and performance appraisal of medical institutions such as general hospitals, specialist hospitals and maternal and child health hospitals.

Enhance the cooperative ability of Chinese and western medicine. Strive for state support, relying on comprehensive hospitals, specialized hospitals, infectious diseases hospitals, maternal and child health care hospitals and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals with strong comprehensive strength to build a "flagship" hospital and "flagship" department for the coordination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. Establish a multidisciplinary team of Chinese and Western medicine cooperation and a clinical research platform of Chinese and Western medicine to improve the ability and level of Chinese and Western medicine collaborative medical services. Focusing on major and difficult diseases such as tumor, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, AIDS and senile dementia, as well as antibiotic resistance and emerging major infectious diseases, we have carried out joint research of Chinese and Western medicine and formed a number of treatment programs with obvious curative effects.

(3) Continue to lay a solid foundation for Chinese medicine talents.

1. Strengthen college education. Reform the education of TCM colleges and universities, strengthen the construction of TCM disciplines and specialties, and strengthen the training of TCM thinking and clinical skills. Adjust and optimize the professional curriculum, establish the system of early follow-up with teachers and early clinical learning, and make the teacher-follow education run through the whole process of clinical practice teaching. Strengthen the cooperation between doctors and teachers, and strengthen the clinical teaching function of traditional Chinese medicine in affiliated hospitals of colleges and universities. The course of traditional Chinese medicine will be included in the compulsory course of clinical medicine, so as to improve the knowledge and skills of clinical physicians. Support the exploration and development of the nine-year Chinese medicine talent training model. Support Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine to apply for the degree authorization point of Chinese medicine related disciplines. Strive to build 4 national and 10 provincial first-class undergraduate majors in traditional Chinese medicine and 2 national and 5 provincial demonstration centers for clinical teaching and training of traditional Chinese medicine. We will build a number of standardized training bases for Chinese medicine practitioners and assistant general practitioners. Students majoring in clinical medicine who are studying for a degree in traditional Chinese medicine can participate in the qualification examination of doctors of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and standardized training of Chinese medicine residents according to state regulations. Support and promote the compilation of national planning textbooks for Dai medicine and Yi medicine.

2. Cultivate characteristic talents. Organize the implementation of special training programs for innovative talents of traditional Chinese medicine, earnestly grasp the training programs for Chinese medicine talents such as Qihuang scholars, young Qihuang scholars, national excellent clinical talents of traditional Chinese medicine, and nursing backbones of traditional Chinese medicine, and increase the training of provincial-level high-level talents of traditional Chinese medicine and clinical backbones of traditional Chinese medicine. Carry out the activities of "reading classics, understanding classics and using classics" to improve the ability and level of clinical classic application of Chinese medicine doctors. Vigorously promote vocational education and skills training of traditional Chinese medicine, and accelerate the training of technical and skilled personnel such as Chinese herbal medicine planting, Chinese herbal medicine processing and Chinese herbal medicine health service. Strengthen the construction of innovative team of Chinese medicine talents and support the development of interdisciplinary integration.

3. Promote mentoring education. Establish a multi-level education system for traditional Chinese medicine teachers at the provincial, city and county levels, vigorously carry out the inheritance of academic experience of famous and old Chinese medicine experts, establish a number of famous and old Chinese medicine experts’ inheritance studios based on Chinese medicine masters, national famous Chinese medicine practitioners and provincial famous Chinese medicine practitioners, and support the construction of grassroots famous and old Chinese medicine experts’ inheritance studios. Support Chinese medicine hospitals to set up positions of Chinese medicine (specialty) doctors, and promote the inheritance and development of national and folk characteristic technologies.

4. Promote the cultivation of "Western learning" talents. Establish and improve the training and assessment system for western medicine personnel to learn Chinese medicine knowledge. Implement the "western learning" talent training project, build a high-level talent team of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and enhance the clinical treatment ability of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for major infectious diseases and major difficult diseases. Professionals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine are allowed to participate in standardized training of clinical general practitioners.

5. Strengthen the training of Chinese medicine talents at the grassroots level. Strengthen the construction of teachers with appropriate technical training and the training of Chinese medicine clinical technical backbone in primary medical institutions and free medical students majoring in Chinese medicine in rural areas, and continue to do a good job in standardized training, job transfer training and assistant general practitioner training for general practitioners of Chinese medicine. Vigorously promote the "1155" training experience of appropriate technology of traditional Chinese medicine, that is, rural medical personnel are familiar with not less than 100 Chinese medicine soup songs (prescriptions), familiar with the efficacy of not less than 100 kinds of Chinese medicine pieces, can identify not less than 50 local common Chinese herbal medicines, and master and use not less than 5 appropriate technologies. Train not less than 10000 rural doctors.

(4) Continuously promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine.

1. Strengthen the inheritance and protection of traditional Chinese medicine. Strengthen the rescue, collection, collation, research, popularization and application of medical materials such as ancient Chinese medicine documents, classic prescriptions and oral instruction. Strengthen the cultural popularization of academic schools of traditional Chinese medicine, systematically excavate and sort out the academic ideas, diagnosis and treatment experience and characteristic technologies of local schools, and promote the formation of a medical system with Yunnan characteristics in southern Yunnan. Promote more Chinese medicine projects to be included in the list of representative projects of intangible cultural heritage.

2. Strengthen tackling key problems in key areas. Increase the support for scientific and technological innovation of traditional Chinese medicine in the provincial science and technology plan. Deepen the research on the medical theory of southern Yunnan, the theory of Yunnan’s unique ethnic medicine and the mechanism of Yunnan’s authentic Chinese herbal medicines, and carry out the diagnosis and treatment law and clinical research on the prevention and treatment of major, refractory and emerging local infectious diseases with traditional Chinese medicine. Support medical institutions to carry out research on famous and experienced prescriptions of famous and old Chinese medicine experts, and promote the transformation of preparations to medical institutions. Strengthen the capacity building of evidence-based medicine of traditional Chinese medicine, build an evidence system that combines traditional Chinese medicine theory, human experience and clinical trials, and study and explain the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine.

3. Build a platform for inheritance and innovation. Strive for state support in the layout and construction of traditional Chinese medicine inheritance and innovation center, key laboratory of traditional Chinese medicine and clinical research center of traditional Chinese medicine in our province. Promote the provincial institute of traditional Chinese medicine to enhance the ability of scientific research and innovation, strengthen the clinical technology research and drug research and development of traditional Chinese medicine, and strive to make breakthroughs in research and development, production and popularization. Support Chinese medical institutions to strengthen cooperation and share resources with enterprises, scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning.

4. Promote the transformation of scientific research achievements. Relying on high-level research institutions, institutions of higher learning, medical institutions and Chinese medicine innovation enterprises, we will intensify the research on Chinese medicine and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and support the research and development of advanced equipment and new Chinese medicine. Carry out clinical research and basic research on dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine, research on traditional Chinese medicine and its industrialization technology, and strive to form a number of independent intellectual property rights and accelerate the transformation of achievements. Promote the secondary development of preparations of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) in medical institutions and improve the technical standards, and gradually expand the scope of dispensing and use in medical institutions.

(5) Promote the high-quality development of the Chinese medicine industry.

1 to strengthen the protection, development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources. Strengthen the protection of rare and endangered wild medicinal plants, and support the artificial breeding of rare and endangered Chinese herbal medicines and the development and utilization of substitutes. Make full use of the data of the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Yunnan Province, and establish the basic database and specimen database of the survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Yunnan Province. Carry out the work of applying for geographical indication agricultural product registration, product protection and trademark registration for authentic varieties of Chinese herbal medicines, the origin of edible and medicinal material resources and the main producing areas.

2. Promote the cultivation of authentic medicinal materials. Focusing on the "Top Ten Famous Medicinal Materials" such as Panax notoginseng, Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, Erigeron breviscapus, Dendrobium candidum, Amomum villosum, Gastrodia elata, Poria cocos, Angelica yunnanensis, Aucklandia yunnanensis, Gentiana yunnanensis, we will carry out the research and application of improved varieties breeding, propagation and variety cultivation techniques of Chinese medicinal materials, and promote a number of green production technologies and planting models aimed at steadily improving the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. Promote the standardized cultivation of authentic Chinese herbal medicines and promote the development of Chinese herbal medicine industry under the forest. Cultivate and strengthen the "one county, one industry" demonstration counties and characteristic counties of Chinese medicinal materials, cultivate a number of strong agricultural towns dominated by Chinese medicinal materials, and build our province into a national production base of high-quality authentic medicinal materials.

3. Improve the development level of Chinese medicine industry. Improve the standard system of Chinese herbal medicine planting and breeding, warehousing, logistics, and primary processing specifications. Encourage the industrialization, commercialization and moderate scale development of Chinese herbal medicines. Promote the upgrading of Chinese medicine pharmaceutical technology, promote the standardization and modernization of Chinese medicine production technology, and encourage production enterprises to gradually realize intelligent manufacturing. Promote the construction of a number of industrial parks with distinctive advantages, mainly Chinese herbal medicines, and promote the development of industrial clusters. Promote the brand development of traditional Chinese medicine produced in Yunnan, and cultivate large varieties and exclusive varieties of Chinese patent medicine. Strengthen the quality and safety risk assessment and risk monitoring of Chinese herbal medicines, establish and improve the third-party quality monitoring system, and promote the construction of traceability systems in production, processing and circulation. Improve the local standard system of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces, and improve the processing level and product quality of Chinese herbal pieces. Continue to promote the construction of the inheritance base of traditional Chinese medicine processing technology.

4. Strengthen the safety and quality supervision of traditional Chinese medicine. Highlight the "four strictest" requirements of the most stringent standards, the strictest supervision, the most severe punishment and the most serious accountability, explore the establishment of a traceability system for the whole process of production, circulation and use of Chinese herbal medicines, Chinese herbal pieces and Chinese patent medicines, establish and improve the whole chain drug safety supervision mechanism, carry out special actions on drug quality and safety, and severely crack down on illegal activities. Strengthen the management of instructions and labels of traditional Chinese medicine to improve the guiding effect of instructions for clinical use.

5. Establish and improve the circulation system of Chinese herbal medicines. Establish a circulation system of Chinese herbal medicines integrating cultivation, primary processing, packaging, storage, transportation and sales. Promote the development of "internet plus Logistics", build modern intelligent logistics, and carry out door-to-door service of Chinese herbal medicine distribution. Create a Chinese herbal medicine trading center facing southwest and radiating South Asia and Southeast Asia.

(six) innovative development of Chinese medicine health service industry.

1. Develop TCM health care services. Standardize the behavior of TCM health care services, and promote the standardized development of TCM health management services such as identification and evaluation of TCM health status, consultation and guidance, and health intervention. Enrich the connotation of TCM health care service, popularize TCM health care methods and traditional Chinese health care campaigns such as Tai Ji Chuan, Baduanjin and Wuqinxi, and promote the formation of a health service model combining physical education with medicine. Strengthen the supervision of TCM health care institutions, improve the quality of employees, improve the management level and service quality, and promote the healthy development of TCM health care services.

2. Develop Chinese medicine health care service for the aged. Support qualified Chinese medicine hospitals to carry out community and home Chinese medicine health care services. Promote Chinese medicine hospitals above the second level to strengthen the construction of geriatrics, and carry out traditional Chinese medicine prevention and rehabilitation care for senile diseases and chronic diseases. Encourage and support social capital to participate in traditional Chinese medicine health care services, and provide continuous, personalized and integrated traditional Chinese medicine care services for the elderly. Promote the construction of a demonstration base combining traditional Chinese medicine with medical care.

3. Develop healthy tourism of traditional Chinese medicine. Give full play to the unique advantages of Yunnan traditional Chinese medicine, ethnic medicine and folk medicine and the resource advantages of cultural tourism, promote the deep integration of traditional Chinese medicine health service and cultural tourism industry, introduce leading enterprises, launch a number of health products, promote the development of comprehensive traditional Chinese medicine health tourism services with the theme of traditional Chinese medicine cultural communication and health experience, and integrate traditional Chinese medicine medical treatment, health care, medicated diet, tourism and leisure, and promote the construction of a number of health tourism bases with outstanding traditional Chinese medicine characteristics, forming a number of experiences and wide participation.

(seven) to promote the development of Chinese medicine culture and foreign exchanges and cooperation.

1. Vigorously promote Chinese medicine culture. Implement the action of spreading Chinese medicine culture, and continue to carry out large-scale popular science publicity activities such as "Chinese Medicine Publicity Day" and "Chinese Medicine China Tour" to promote Chinese medicine culture into rural areas, communities, schools and enterprises. Support the construction of Chinese medicine culture publicity and education bases in Chinese medicine medical institutions, scientific research institutes and Chinese medicine enterprises above the second level. Support the establishment of the provincial museum of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine, and encourage social forces to build a museum of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine). Promote the creation of a knowledge corner of Chinese medicine health culture.

2. Strengthen the propaganda team of Chinese medicine culture. The establishment of teachers and students in medical colleges and universities, medical institutions, Chinese medicine personnel as the main body of traditional Chinese medicine culture popularization team, strengthen the construction of provincial traditional Chinese medicine culture popularization expert team. Explore the establishment of Chinese medicine culture publicity and training system, strengthen the training of grassroots Chinese medicine culture propagandists, and basically establish a Chinese medicine culture propaganda team that is suitable for the development of Chinese medicine.

3. Promote the open development of Chinese medicine. Encourage and support Chinese medicine education, medical institutions and Chinese medicine enterprises to "go global". Vigorously develop Chinese medicine service trade, build a national Chinese medicine service export base with high quality, and support the construction of provincial key enterprises (institutions) in Chinese medicine service trade. Support the establishment of 1-2 overseas Chinese medicine centers.

(eight) comprehensively deepen the reform of traditional Chinese medicine.

1. Establish an evaluation system that conforms to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine. Establish and improve a scientific and reasonable evaluation system for Chinese medical institutions, characteristic talents, clinical efficacy and scientific research achievements. Regularly carry out the performance appraisal of tertiary and secondary public Chinese medicine hospitals, and increase the application of the assessment results. Deepen the reform of the title system of health professional and technical personnel, improve the evaluation criteria for the title of Chinese medicine talents, establish an evaluation and incentive mechanism for outstanding Chinese medicine talents and a selection system for famous Chinese medicine practitioners at the provincial, prefecture and county levels. Chinese medicine talents and medical ethics are the main evaluation criteria for Chinese medicine talents, and "being able to see a doctor and being optimistic about the disease" is the main evaluation content for the selection of Chinese medicine doctors and famous Chinese medicine practitioners at all levels. In the selection of health professional and technical personnel, explore the separate and independent evaluation of Chinese medicine talents. Study and optimize the evaluation system of clinical curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine, and explore and formulate evaluation indicators that conform to the laws of traditional Chinese medicine. Highlight the characteristics and development needs of traditional Chinese medicine, and explore the establishment of a collaborative management mechanism for scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine between science and technology departments and health departments. The establishment and evaluation of scientific research projects of traditional Chinese medicine are listed separately and peer review is adopted.

2. Establish and improve the modern hospital management system. Establish a modern hospital management system that reflects the characteristics of Chinese medicine hospitals, and fully implement and implement the president responsibility system under the leadership of the party Committee. Strengthen the construction of hospital traditional Chinese medicine connotation service and improve the level of medical service. Improve the operation management system, promote the scientific, standardized and refined hospital management, and strive to achieve "three changes and three improvements". Strengthen the ability of medical technology innovation, expand the innovative medical service model, and promote the high-quality development of public Chinese medicine hospitals. Reform the personnel management system, improve the salary distribution system, and implement the national "two permits" requirements. Strengthen the management of TCM medical quality, build 7 TCM quality control centers for bone injury, anorectum and gynecology based on TCM clinical medical centers and regional TCM (specialist) diagnosis and treatment centers, newly select and build no less than 5 TCM quality control centers, gradually improve the quality control network system at the provincial, prefecture and county levels, build a professional quality control talent team, and implement dynamic management of medical quality. Strengthen the construction of hospital infection prevention and control system in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and build a solid foundation for hospital infection prevention and control. Establish and improve a long-term mechanism to protect, care for and care for medical personnel, strengthen communication between doctors and patients, and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

3. Implement the Chinese medicine price and medical insurance policy. We will improve the dynamic price adjustment mechanism of Chinese medicine medical services, and promote the implementation of the independent pricing policy for Chinese medicine decoction pieces and prepared Chinese medicine preparations processed and used by public medical institutions. To promote the reform of medical insurance payment methods, general Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment projects can continue to pay by project, and explore the implementation of Chinese medicine diseases to pay by disease score.

4. Optimize the preparation review and approval of Chinese medicine medical institutions. Establish and improve the relevant systems of emergency review and approval, conditional approval and internal adjustment and use of preparations in Chinese medicine medical institutions. For qualified Chinese medicine preparations recommended by science and technology, health and other departments, Chinese medicine preparations that are used for the prevention and treatment of major diseases, are urgently needed in clinic and are in short supply, or belong to children’s medication are given priority for review and approval. To explore the technical requirements of preparation evaluation and filing in Chinese medicine medical institutions by combining Chinese medicine theory, human experience and clinical trials. Support the research and development of preparations in traditional Chinese medicine medical institutions, and formulate and improve technical guidelines for the filing of preparations in ethnic medicine medical institutions.

(nine) to strengthen the development of traditional Chinese medicine support.

Strengthen information support. Relying on the provincial national health information platform, the provincial Chinese medicine data center will be built. Promote the standardized access of Chinese medicine medical institutions at all levels to the provincial national health information platform. Carry out grading evaluation of the application level of electronic medical record system. Accelerate the construction of Internet hospitals for traditional Chinese medicine. Vigorously develop new medical service models such as telemedicine, mobile medical care and smart medical care of traditional Chinese medicine, and provide convenient services such as online appointment for diagnosis and treatment, waiting reminder, pricing payment, diagnosis and treatment report inquiry, and drug distribution.

Strengthen the rule of law in traditional Chinese medicine. We will further promote the implementation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Law on Traditional Chinese Medicine, promote the promulgation of the Regulations on Traditional Chinese Medicine in Yunnan Province, and encourage and support ethnic minority areas to formulate and promulgate local regulations on the development of ethnic medicine. We will promote the implementation of the relevant supporting policies of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Traditional Chinese Medicine Law, and strengthen the examination and registration of the qualifications of doctors with expertise in Chinese medicine and the management of the filing system of Chinese medicine clinics. Strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of traditional Chinese medicine, strengthen personnel training, and comprehensively improve the supervision ability and level of traditional Chinese medicine.

Fourth, safeguard measures

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. Establish and improve the joint meeting system of Chinese medicine departments at the provincial, prefecture and county levels, strengthen the overall coordination of Chinese medicine work, and regard Chinese medicine work as an important part of implementing economic and social development plans in various places. Establish and improve the management system of traditional Chinese medicine, clarify the institutions that undertake the management functions of traditional Chinese medicine at the provincial, prefecture and county levels, enrich the work force of the management department of traditional Chinese medicine, implement the work responsibilities, and form a linkage pattern of traditional Chinese medicine.

(2) Strengthen the safeguard mechanism. Establish and improve a multi-input mechanism for the development of traditional Chinese medicine led by the government and with the participation of social forces, and gradually establish an input guarantee system that is suitable for the development of traditional Chinese medicine. Governments at all levels actively support the development of Chinese medicine through the existing funding channels. Governments at or above the county level should include the development funds of Chinese medicine into the fiscal budget at the corresponding level, implement the government’s main responsibility for running public Chinese medicine hospitals, implement investment policies such as capital construction, equipment purchase, development of key specialties, and personnel training, give play to the incentive role of medical insurance in the development of Chinese medicine, and create a better policy environment for the development of Chinese medicine.

(three) to carry out monitoring and evaluation. Establish and improve the monitoring and evaluation mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine to adapt to the inheritance, innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine, organize dynamic evaluation of the implementation of the plan, find and solve problems in the implementation of the plan in time, and improve the scientificity and timeliness of monitoring and evaluation. Carry out mid-term and final evaluation of planning, strengthen the binding nature of planning implementation, and ensure the smooth completion of various objectives and tasks.

(4) Pay attention to publicity and guidance. Vigorously promote the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Chinese Medicine Law", "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Physician Law" and other laws and regulations and the principles and policies for the development of health and Chinese medicine. Strengthen the positive publicity of advanced models of traditional Chinese medicine and improve the level of public opinion guidance. Give full play to the role of social organizations, actively promote the development effect, scientific value and health concept of traditional Chinese medicine, and form a strong atmosphere of government-led, departmental coordination and joint support of the whole society for the development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, July 6th Title: The water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has maintained Class II for three consecutive years.

Xinhua News Agency reporters Hui Xiaoyong, Li Siyuan and Tanaka Quan.

The reporter recently learned from a marching interview along the Yangtze River that with the continuous implementation of the great protection of the Yangtze River, the water ecological quality of the Yangtze River has improved significantly. According to the data of the Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, since 2020, the water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has remained Class II for three consecutive years, and the Yangtze River, which was once "not seriously ill", has achieved "initial recovery after illness".

"The national control section of the main stream of the Yangtze River has reached Class II water quality for three consecutive years, which meets the drinking water standard." Xu Yi, director of the Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that overall, the health level of the water ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin has improved year by year, and the ecological function has been significantly improved. The proportion of water quality section with Grade III in the Yangtze River Basin has increased from 81.8% in 2015 to 98.1% in 2022.

The Yangtze River, the mother river of the Chinese nation, has nourished thousands of waters and Qian Shan for thousands of years. Influenced by the extensive development mode for many years, "the Yangtze River is sick, and it is not very sick". In recent years, all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the Yangtze River basin have placed the restoration of the Yangtze River ecology in an overwhelming position, successively implementing the "closing and moving" of chemical enterprises along the Yangtze River, tackling the key problems of comprehensive improvement of the Yangtze River coastline, and banning fishing in key waters of the basin for 10 years … Many times of "surgery" and several doses of "good medicine" have gradually solved a series of water ecological problems in the Yangtze River.

Up to now, a total of 60,000 kilometers of river and lake shorelines have been investigated in the Yangtze River basin, and more than 85,000 sewage outlets have been found, which has solved more than 42,000 problems of direct and disorderly sewage discharge. 1,703 centralized sewage treatment facilities were built in provincial and above industrial parks, and 752 problems such as imperfect sewage pipe network and abnormal operation of facilities were solved. 1054 tailings ponds with environmental problems have been rectified.

People don’t live up to rivers, and rivers will live up to people. At present, the Yangtze River, finless porpoises frequently appear, and the number has gradually increased to 1249, becoming the new favorite of cities along the Yangtze River; The frequency of the fish disappeared in the Yangtze River for many years increased rapidly. Coilia ectenes, one of the "Three Seasons of the Yangtze River", returned to Dongting Lake to lay eggs. In 2022, 193 species of fish were detected in key waters of the Yangtze River, an increase of 25 species compared with 2020.

Institutional changes related to the water ecological protection of the Yangtze River are also under way. At present, the Yangtze River basin is taking the lead in pilot water ecological assessment, which is another major progress and innovation in ecological protection.

"From focusing only on water quality in the past to focusing on water ecological changes now, it marks that the main task of water ecological protection in the Yangtze River has shifted from water pollution prevention to equal emphasis on overall water ecological protection and restoration." Xu Wei said.

1905 movie network news Producer Ning Hao, director of the bid for the Olympic Games, the film starring Dapeng, Ada and Zhang Zixian exposed feature clips, accompanied by the magical melody of the movie episode "Unbridable" sung by Ada, Yue Miao (Ada) officially moved into the "Guangyu Express Internet Cafe" in Wuhai (Dapeng), but the two started "sweet cohabitation" but were hit by "express delivery", and Miao Miao went crazy online shopping, which made Wuhai frequently sign for express delivery. As the latest masterpiece of "Bad Monkey" brand, the film The Beneficiary has received rave reviews and the popularity has been soaring since its release. Topics such as "Dapeng’s letter to Ada", "Yue Miaomiao played by Ada" and "Will you expose the other half’s lies" have repeatedly appeared in hot searches, causing heated discussions. Up to now, the cumulative box office of movies has exceeded 100 million, and the first day of the box office won the first place in the same period.

Ada Crazy Online Shopping Dapeng "Hand Tearing Express"

Ghosts and animals are like you after the Double Eleven.

The movie The Beneficiary begins with a marriage scam with ulterior motives. Forced by life, Wu Hai (Dapeng) conspires with his friend Zhong Zhenjiang (Zhang Zixian), trying to marry online celebrity anchor Yue Miaomiao (Ada) and trick him into signing an insurance policy for huge profits. Wu Hai’s sweet words and meticulous care led Miao Miao into the game step by step. In the latest feature film, Wu Hai took Miao Miao to his own residence and started a sweet world of two people … … After laying out the background and setting up the equipment, Miao Miao continued to broadcast "Tuwei Didi" live, but Wu Hai on the other side was "crazy crit" by the courier brother. Accompanied by the sound of "Yue Miao Miao, your express", Wu Hai frequently signed and unpacked, and his skillful operation matched the melody of demonic brainwashing, which truly reproduced the lively status quo of "welcoming the Double Eleven" online shopping in life and burst into laughter.

"Beneficiary" was praised for "seeing the truth of life" at the box office.

"Hit the softest heart with the truest emotion"

Box office broke 100 million, word of mouth exploded, and the popularity soared … … Since the film The Beneficiary was released, the humorous and absurd story full of warmth has made the audience feel refreshed. On the first day of release, it won the first place at the box office in the same period, with a cat’s eye score of 9.0. Up to now, the box office of the film has exceeded 100 million. Many netizens praised it as "more touching and tearful than romantic movies, more clever and humorous than comedies" and "movies directly hit the softest heart with the truest emotions". With the popularity of the film, the ordinary but extraordinary love-hate entanglement between Wu Hai and Miao Miao triggered a hot discussion on the whole network. Most netizens commented that "when all the lies meet the true feelings, the goodness in human nature will be awakened." At the same time, the dilemma between human nature and material in the film also touched the audience’s resonance and discussion, and they all felt that "the film has both smiles and tears, from which we can see the truth of life."

As another masterpiece of realism with the brand of "Bad Monkey", the movie "The Beneficiary" continues the attention of producer Ning Hao and Bad Monkey Film to the realistic theme, shows the tender moments of little people living together and sticking to love in a narrative way interwoven with suspense and humor, portrays the struggles and efforts of ordinary people in real society, and makes the audience admire "not only the joy of watching movies, but also the courage to invest in the turbulent life torrent".

　　With the promotion of cooperation among the three parties in various fields and the concrete implementation of projects, it is not important whether they merge or not.

　　If we talk about the rumors in the car industry, the first one is the merger of FAW, Dongfeng and Changan. As soon as there is trouble, there will be a wave of merger rumors.

　　No, the three joint venture travel companies have made the latest progress, and it is estimated that a new wave of merger rumors will come again.

　　On March 22, Changan Automobile (000625) announced at noon that it had jointly invested with Suning Investment Co., Ltd., China FAW Group Co., Ltd. and Dongfeng Motor (600006) Group Co., Ltd. in Nanjing to establish the equity investment partnership (limited partnership) of Nanjing Leading Bank, with a total share of 9.76 billion yuan.

　　Other investors include Shenzhen Tencent New Travel Limited Partnership (Limited Partnership), Hangzhou Alibaba Venture Capital Management Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Shijiali Asset Management Co., Ltd., Wuxi Feiye Investment Co., Ltd., Xianning Rongxun Smart Travel Industry Investment Fund (Limited Partnership), Nanjing Hengchuang Yunzhi Network Technology Co., Ltd. and Nanjing Leading Equity Investment Management Co., Ltd.

　　Among the many funders, Suning contributed 1.7 billion yuan, FAW, Dongfeng and Changan each contributed 1.6 billion yuan, and Tencent and Ali jointly contributed 2.25 billion yuan with three other funders, but their specific contributions are unknown.

　　Today, Dongfeng Motor also issued a similar announcement, announcing the news with pleasure.

　　The joint venture travel company will invest in the shared travel industry with new energy vehicles as the main part. The project aims at creating a networked and shared "new ecology of smart travel" and "strives to become the most reliable travel service enterprise in China".

　　The partnership travel company will be managed by a qualified fund management company entrusted by Nanjing Leading Equity Investment Management Co., Ltd.. In addition to providing abundant resource support, investors in the project will also introduce socialized mature talents and mature management experience in core positions to improve the level of operation and management.

　　In the future, this travel company will be a completely market-oriented operation mode.

　　Dongfeng revealed in the announcement that the joint venture company will integrate online transportation platforms, offline car sharing and mobile operations, asset management companies and big data centers, thus connecting consumers and automakers.

　　If the project lands, it will not only actively promote the traditional vehicle business of the three car companies, but also bring about sales increment, further improve the enterprise ecosystem and accelerate the pace of transformation.

　　After the announcement, the daily limit of Changan Automobile and Dongfeng Motor increased, while the share prices of FAW Car (000800) and faw xiali rose to varying degrees.

　　Tripartite cooperation has landed in the field of travel

　　In July 2018, FAW, Dongfeng and Chang ‘an signed a mobile travel intention agreement and decided to form a joint venture T3 travel service company. This time, the three parties joined forces with many external partners to jointly set up the equity investment partnership of Nanjing Leading Bank, which is the landing of T3 travel project.

　　The rumors of the merger of FAW, Dongfeng and Changan have a long history. At first, it should start with the change of defense of the leaders of the three groups, and then there is partial cooperation between enterprises. For example, in February 2017, Dongfeng and FAW signed a strategic framework agreement, and the two sides planned to jointly build a forward-looking common technology innovation center.

　　Soon, the three groups began all-round strategic cooperation.

　　On December 1, 2017, FAW, Dongfeng and Changan signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement in Wuhan, which will cooperate in four major areas: forward-looking common technology innovation, automobile full value chain operation, joint "going out" and new business models.

　　Since then, the three parties have set up 12 project teams to carry out concrete project cooperation in macro-policy and industrial development research, vehicle platform, powertrain, new energy, intelligence, new business model, basic R&D and system construction, parts procurement, warehousing and logistics, manufacturing, international layout and capital cooperation.

　　Since entering 2018, various cooperation has begun to land.

　　On March 9, 2018, the three parties held a signing ceremony for the promotion meeting and project approval of cooperation projects in the manufacturing field in Wuhan.

　　On July 6, 2018, the three parties signed a T3 logistics strategic cooperation agreement in Wuhan to establish a "1+1+3" logistics enterprise strategic cooperation innovation model.

　　On July 13, 2018, the three parties signed a mobile travel intention agreement and decided to form a joint venture T3 travel service company.

　　On December 21, 2018, the three parties signed an intention agreement on joint venture and cooperation of T3 Technology Platform Company, which will focus on the research and development of the core systems, modules and platforms of the next generation of automobiles.

　　Until today, the equity investment partnership of Nanjing Leading Bank has surfaced, and the cooperation among the three parties in the field of travel has been substantially promoted.

　　Among the shareholders of the partnership travel company, in addition to the three central enterprises, there are also giants such as Suning, Tencent and Ali. Changan Automobile said in the announcement, "This project can make full use of the brand influence of all investors, attract policies and resources of all investors in technology, capital and flow, and create competitive advantages."

　　As you can imagine, the travel company has vehicle resources, channel resources, financial resources, and the background of central enterprises as an endorsement. Coupled with the brand influence of all parties, it is absolutely famous and rooted in Miao Hong. Therefore, the most nervous thing today should be Didi.

　　However, due to frequent security incidents and stricter industry supervision, the current shared travel industry is at a low point. In addition, car companies basically have their own travel projects or are deeply bound with external travel platforms, and the industry is in a state of vassal separation. As a latecomer, it remains to be seen whether Nanjing Leading Partnership can win the market.

　　Traditional merger is being abandoned.

　　The Medium-and Long-Term Development Plan of Automobile Industry jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2017 is a programmatic document for China to respond to the changes in the automobile industry and promote the strategy of strengthening the automobile country.

　　It is clearly stated in the Plan that "cooperation modes such as capital, technology, production capacity and brand within the automobile industry chain and across industries should be encouraged, and advantageous enterprises should be supported to form strong alliances through mutual shareholding and strategic alliances, so as to continuously improve industrial concentration" and "the reform of mixed ownership should be steadily promoted, and cooperation between state-owned enterprises and other non-public enterprises in production capacity, channels, investment and financing should be realized through market-oriented means and various modes".

　　This time, FAW, Dongfeng and Changan joined hands with cross-border partners to set up a travel company in the form of a partnership, which is an active exploration and innovation for the reform of mixed ownership and conforms to the policy orientation of the Medium and Long-term Development Plan for the Automobile Industry.

　　Auto business review believes that compared with the simple administrative means of enterprise merger, the more commercial operation mode and diversified equity management structure of Nanjing Leading Partnership are obviously more in line with the country’s current positioning of central enterprises.

　　With the promotion of cooperation between FAW, Dongfeng and Changan in various fields and the concrete landing of projects, the business is deeply integrated, and after the cooperation is on the right track, it is not important whether they merge or not.

　　The establishment of the partnership travel company indicates that the possibility of future merger of the three car companies is getting smaller and smaller.

　　In fact, there has been a trend around the world: traditional corporate mergers are being replaced by various ecosystems, alliances and cooperation. Cooperation is more important than ever for car companies, but the way they form alliances with each other is more and more inclined to date than marriage. (See "Why the new automobile industry alliance prefers" dating "to" marriage ")

　　Travel as a Service (TAAS) in the automotive industry? ? Under the general trend, the greater competition in the future is not between car companies, but between travel platforms. BMW and Daimler are merging their DriveNow and Car2Go car sharing businesses. Under the new competition mode, this horizontal alliance between car companies is obviously more important.

　　The same is true for FAW, Dongfeng and Changan to form a joint venture travel company. Moreover, the introduction of external multi-party partners can not only reduce investment costs, but also share possible risks.

　　In the process of traditional car companies transforming into mobile travel companies, the three car companies have joined forces with head companies in the Internet, finance, retail and other industries to enter the shared travel market, which is undoubtedly the fastest, lowest cost and least risk transformation mode.

This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: auto business review. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.