The winter moon has arrived, and it is near the end of the year. The real estate market in 2021 was ups and downs.

　　In the first half of the year, real estate development loans, sales area and sales performance were very active, and house prices rose steadily in some cities. The turning point appeared in the middle of the year, and the financial regulation and control policies such as the "three-line and four-file" housing enterprise financing management rules and the loan concentration management of banking financial institutions gradually took effect, especially after the liquidity risk of individual large housing enterprises appeared as the "fuse", the market obviously cooled down in the second half of the year. With the sharp decline of the market, the virtuous circle of the real estate industry has been broken to some extent.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference held a few days ago proposed that the city should promote the virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry, and made clear the focus of the current and future development of the real estate market. At present, the debt problem of some real estate enterprises is more prominent, and real estate sales, investment and land transfer all show signs of slowing down. In some cities, there is a wait-and-see mood of falling house prices and buying houses. Especially for areas with high industrial dependence, once the real estate market slows down excessively, it may trigger a more complicated risk transmission chain.

　　Real estate has a large scale, a long chain and a wide range of aspects, which accounts for a fairly high share in the national economy, fixed assets investment of the whole society, local fiscal revenue and total loans of financial institutions, and has an important systematic impact on economic and financial stability and risk prevention.

　　How to realize the virtuous circle and healthy development of real estate industry? Stable expectation is an important prerequisite. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to strengthen the expected guidance. Many people are not optimistic about the future development of the industry due to the debt crisis of individual housing enterprises and the downward pressure on the real estate market. In fact, although there are serious debt problems in individual real estate enterprises at present, it is still a case, because the enterprises themselves are not well managed, and their influence need not be exaggerated. The overall healthy development trend of China’s real estate market will not change, and the risks of individual enterprises will not affect the normal financing function of the medium and long-term real estate market.

　　At the same time, the reasonable housing needs of buyers are being met. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that it will support the commercial housing market to better meet the reasonable housing needs of buyers. According to the data released by the central bank on December 13th, the balance of individual housing loans was 38.1 trillion yuan at the end of November, an increase of 401.3 billion yuan in that month, an increase of 53.2 billion yuan over that in October. The recent increase in the balance of personal housing loans is conducive to better meeting the mortgage demand of the first and improved housing.

　　On the basis of stable expectations, the supply and demand blocking point is expected to break through, and a virtuous circle of the real estate industry is expected. The cooling of the real estate market is easy to be transmitted to other links. When the transaction volume of second-hand houses decreases and fewer buyers buy new ones, the new house market may be neglected, while the sales of the new house market directly affect the payment of enterprises. Once the funds are insufficient, it will reduce the enthusiasm of enterprises to take land, and then the cooling will be transmitted to the land market. It can be seen that one link is stagnant and it is easy for the whole market to "turn". To achieve a virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry, efforts should be made to control the liquidity risk of housing enterprises and avoid the transmission of local risks to the whole system. At the same time, it is necessary to smooth all links in the chain of "financing, land acquisition, sales, loans and payment". The improvement of the financing of housing enterprises and the credit environment of buyers will help the real estate industry to further realize a virtuous circle.

　　To achieve a virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry, enterprises need to constantly explore new development models. The development model of high leverage, high debt and high turnover in the real estate industry in the past 20 years has been unsustainable; On the whole, China will gradually transition from incremental development of large-scale demolition and construction to stock transformation; From the perspective of housing supply, from the past, we paid more attention to buying and renting, and changed to renting and buying at the same time. All these decide that real estate enterprises should adapt to the changes and explore new development models.

　　In the process of solving the housing problem, housing leasing will play an increasingly important role. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that we should adhere to both rent and purchase and accelerate the development of the long-term rental market. Specialized and large-scale housing leasing enterprises are an important carrier to improve professional services in the leasing market. Factors such as high cost and narrow profit space in leasing industry hinder the specialization and scale development of enterprises. Statistics show that the institutionalization rate of housing leasing in first-tier cities in China is less than 15%. Therefore, to speed up the development of the long-term rental market, we should speed up the cultivation of specialized and large-scale housing rental enterprises.

　　To realize that all people have a place to live, housing security cannot be absent. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to promote the construction of affordable housing. China’s housing security system has completed the top-level design, including public rental housing, affordable rental housing and shared property housing. Among them, affordable rental housing, which focuses on solving the outstanding housing problems in big cities and alleviating the housing difficulties of new citizens and young people, will become the top priority of affordable housing in the new development stage.

　　The central economic work conference once again stressed that "housing is not speculation", indicating that the bottom line cannot be broken. To promote the virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry, we should take "keeping the word steady, striving for progress while maintaining stability" and "trying to smooth the national economic cycle" as the starting point, instead of having the mentality of stimulating and speculating on real estate. (This article Source: Economic Daily Author: Kang Shu)

When it comes to inflation, the financial crisis may be the first thing that comes to mind. Many major financial crises in history were caused by excessive inflation, and many of them were caused by war. For example, the "inflation" recorded in history textbooks during the Republic of China-the government of the Republic of China issued a large number of French currency notes to pay for the huge war expenses. In 1947, 100,000 yuan of French currency notes were issued, and the price was like a runaway horse. At that time, a professor’s salary was more than 10 million yuan, but it was not enough to buy five loaves of flour.

War consumes not only life, but also money. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, Cai Jing, the financial minister, made a great deal of money in order to attack Xixia, and his means was to issue "pawn money".

Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, the successor of Xining Reform

Cai Jing was a powerful minister at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Song Huizong was the prime minister for five times, which experienced the whole process of the Northern Song Dynasty’s demise. Cai Jing is also a notorious treacherous court official in the history of China, and his life is recorded in the Biography of Treacherous Court Officials in Song Dynasty.

Cai Jing’s official career is full of ups and downs, and his official career cannot be separated from one person-Wang Anshi. In the second year of Xining in Song Shenzong (AD 1069), Wang Anshi began to carry out political reform, which was called Xining Political Reform in history. The aim of Wang Anshi’s political reform was to enrich Qiang Bing, which was soon realized, and the court obtained enough military materials and troops. Cai Jing’s younger brother Cai Bian is Wang Anshi’s son-in-law. During the reign of Xining, recommended by Wang Anshi, Cai Jing entered the book ceremony room to study official business. Thanks to Wang Anshi’s support, Cai Jing’s official career prospered and soared all the way. Soon, the official arrived at Zhongshu Sheren, Longtuge, and the right to know Kaifeng.

In the fourth year of Yuanfeng (AD 1081), Song Shenzong launched a large-scale war against Xixia, and Song Jun suffered a crushing defeat. Song Shenzong’s dream of making great achievements in the world was shattered, and he soon died of depression.

In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (AD 1085), Song Shenzong died, Song Zhezong ascended the throne, and the power was in the hands of Song Shenzong’s mother, Gao. Sima Guang was appointed as the prime minister and started the reform movement of Yuanyou, completely denying Wang Anshi’s political reform.

Cai Jing, as a member of Xining Party, was banished from the imperial court and became an official at the local level during the period of Yuan Yougeng. After Song Huizong took office, Xi Ning Party members were employed. At this time, Wang Anshi had already passed away, and Cai Jing became the prime minister as the successor of Xi Ning’s political reform, thus restarting the great cause of political reform.

Ten dollars in business, money law is in chaos.

In the first year of Chongning (A.D. 1102), when Cai Jing was just appointed as the vice minister, he immediately ordered the new laws of the Song Shenzong period to be re-implemented. At this time, there was a Xining Party member named Xu Tianqi, who served as a transshipment agreement in Shaanxi at that time. In order to cater to Cai Jing, he asked the court to cast ten yuan. During Wang Anshi’s political reform, he used to cast a lot of money to fold two dollars. At this time, if you cast ten dollars, the nominal value will increase by five times compared with the discount of two dollars. The intention of infringing on the interests of the people is too obvious. Cai Jing has some concerns, so he temporarily cast five dollars and tried to see its effect. In May of the second year of Chongning (AD 1103), Cai Jing ordered Shaanxi, Jiangzhou, Chizhou, Raozhou and Jianzhou to use the copper materials that were prepared to cast small flat coins in those years to cast 50 yuan. The inscription "Sheng Song Tong Bao" with a discount of five yuan is slightly heavier than that of Xiao Ping Qian. The nominal value of 50% off is two and a half times that of 20% off. The trial was successful and there was no problem. Soon after, Cai Jing ordered the casting of ten yuan in accordance with Shaanxi’s big money shape, and limited the casting line to three hundred million articles of ten copper coins and two billion articles of ten iron coins in that year. Cai Jing did this because, first, he thought that the ten-fold money was cast on the basis that the five-fold money had entered the circulation, which was only twice as big as the five-fold money and would not cause a violent market reaction; Second, it is estimated that the total amount of coins in circulation at that time was about 200 billion to 300 billion, and the amount of ten yuan in the first line accounted for a small share of the total amount of coins in circulation, which would not have much impact on the purchasing power of money; Third, there is a precedent in Song Renzong’s period to consider the discount of 10 yuan, which can refer to the ancestral casting.

As early as the first year of Kangding, Song Renzong (AD 1040), Song Jun attacked Xixia, and Shaanxi was short of military supplies, so the imperial court was invited to cast large copper coins in parallel with small flat coins, and one copper coin was used as ten. Since then, ten iron coins have been made, which led to the theft of casting by the people, so the money law was in chaos. After frequent adjustments to the money law, the court gradually calmed down the chaos of the money law. Cai Jing used the shape of Shaanxi’s big money to cast it as ten money, in order to borrow the ancestral system and obtain the legitimacy of currency reform.

Discount five yuan for the inscription "Sheng Song Tong Bao" and ten yuan for the inscription "Chong Ning Chong Bao". From the unearthed cultural relics, the number of "Shengsong Tongbao" with a discount of five yuan is very small, because the casting line soon changed to "Chongning Chongbao" with a discount of ten yuan. At that time, more casting was "Chongning Heavy Treasure".

In the Northern Song Dynasty, the word "fold" was often used to express the amount of virtual money. During the period of Song Huizong, the pawn money was originally called "ten-fold money". In October of the second year of Chongning (AD 1103), Song Huizong ordered that "ten-fold money" be renamed as "ten-fold money". The end of the Chronicle of the Emperor and Song Dynasty as a Mirror contains: "The imperial edict is changed into two, and the ten is combined as two and ten." Lu You’s "Old Story of the Family" also contains: "At the beginning, Xi Ning cast two yuan, so Chongning Daquan began to be called’ 10′, but the group castrated that Huizong was the tenth son of Shenzong, and’ 10′ was not a good name, so it was called as 10, so it was ordered to cloud." It can be seen that Song Huizong should call the money "10% off" in the early years; After the imperial edict of Chongning for two years, the money should be called "pawn ten money". However, there are many confusions in the literature records.

After the imperial court minted ten yuan, the people stole it and the money law was in chaos. In order to prohibit the people from stealing castings, the court issued several bans. However, the lure of huge profits still makes the phenomenon of casting theft very serious, and many people do not hesitate to try their own laws. In the fourth year of Chongning (A.D. 1105), Shangshu said: "I heard that the southeast roads were stolen and cast as ten dollars, and the boat was cast in the rivers and seas. When I was an official, I didn’t care about my heart, and I indulged in evil." People steal ten coins, melt small money into copper, and cast it into big money, so they can get several times of profits. In order to avoid the arrest of the government, this illegal activity has developed to ships on rivers and seas.

Fang La Uprising, United with Jin and destroyed Liao, finally became a swan song.

A small sum of money has helped the people for a long time, and the ancient people have prospered the army, but the tin reward has not continued, or one is a hundred, or one is a thousand. This right is appropriate at the right time. How can it be done on a peaceful day? When ten drums are cast, there are several times of interest. Although it is cut every day, it is unstoppable.

In the third year of Daguan (A.D. 1109), Taiwan remonstrators spoke in succession about Cai Jing’s sins. Therefore, Cai Jing lost his post as prime minister for the second time and presided over the compilation of A Record of Zhe Zong. However, three years later, Cai Jing was in power again.

In May of the second year of Zhenghe (AD 1112), Cai Jing was appointed as Prime Minister for the third time. Unexpectedly, in November of the following year, He Zhizhong became the left servant of Shangshu, and also served as the assistant minister and became the prime minister. Song Huizong made Cai Jing a prince, a surname, and a duke of Lu. Cai Jing lost his post as prime minister for the third time.

In April of the sixth year of Zhenghe (AD 1116), He Zhizhong became an official. Lin Lingsu, a Taoist priest, told Song Huizong that Song Huizong was the eldest son of God, the king of God’s clouds and jade, and came down to be emperor. Cai Jing, an immortal of Zuo Yuan, came down to assist Song Huizong in governing the world. Song Huizong was convinced of this, claiming to be the "leader of Daojun Emperor" and ordering Cai Jing to take charge of the affairs of Zhongshu, Menxia and Shangshu provinces.

This is Cai Jing’s fourth term as prime minister. In June of the second year of Xuanhe (AD 1120), Cai Jing was removed from the post of prime minister for the fourth time.

At this point, Cai Jing is seventy-four years old. Cai Jing was removed from the post of Prime Minister this time, nominally because of his old age, but actually because of his opposition to the Northern Expedition of Liao. The person who succeeded the post of prime minister, whose name was Wang Fu, was a troublemaker. Wang Fu served as prime minister for four years, and the Northern Song Dynasty was constantly in trouble. First, Fang La uprising, and then United Jin to destroy Liao.

Although Cai Jing has resigned, his policy of collecting money has gradually produced serious consequences. According to Cai Jing’s policy of accumulating wealth, officials at all levels plundered the people’s wealth, and the people couldn’t live any longer, raising flags in succession to rebel.

Fang La raised his arms and responded everywhere, and many private tea dealers and salt dealers defected to Fang La. Within a few days, the rebel army grew to one hundred thousand people. With troops, Fang La began to attack the city, and the insurgents were invincible, robbing rich rooms and killing officials everywhere. In December, the rebels occupied Muzhou (now Chun ‘an County, Zhejiang Province) and Shezhou (now Shexian County, Anhui Province), and conquered Hangzhou, the southeast town of the Northern Song Dynasty. At this point, the number of the uprising people is close to one million, and the four sides are shocked.

In order to whitewash the peace, Prime Minister Wang Fu concealed the truth. In the imperial history, Chen Guoting believed that Wang Nai’s concealment of military intelligence was the main reason for the spread of the uprising. In his recital to Song Huizong, he said: "To Cai Jing, the man who was the coach, and Wang Fu, the man who raised the coach, if these two men are taken down for questioning, then the coach will be even."

When Song Huizong heard the news, he immediately wrote a letter to himself, ordered the abolition of Hua Shigang, cancelled the artificial bureau, exempted the public and private debts in the uprising area, and refused to accept land tax for three years.

The Fang La Uprising was brutally suppressed, and the court spent a lot of money. The financial situation of the Northern Song Dynasty was even more tense, and the life of the people was even more difficult.

In the first year of Zhenghe (AD 1111), Tong Guan went to Liao. There was a Han official named Ma Zhi in Liao country who was dissatisfied with Liao dynasty. When Ma Zhi met Tong Guan, he presented Tong Guan with the plan of uniting the gold to destroy Liao. In the fifth year of Zhenghe (AD 1115), Ma Zhi fled to the Song Dynasty, met Song Huizong, and once again put forward the idea of uniting Jin to destroy Liao.

At this time, the state of Jin became stronger and stronger, while the state of Liao gradually declined. Liao country is no longer a concern, but Jin country has become the main threat of Song Dynasty. Therefore, many scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty opposed the alliance of Jin and Liao. However, sixteen prefectures was in the hands of Liao State, which made the northern border of Song Dynasty have no danger to defend. Recovering sixteen prefectures is the greatest wish of the Song Dynasty for a long time. At this time, the decline of Liao’s national strength seemed to be the best time for the Northern Song Dynasty to recover sixteen prefectures. Faced with such a huge temptation, Song Huizong couldn’t resist, and finally accepted Ma Zhi’s idea of destroying Liao with gold, and gave Ma Zhi the royal Zhao surname. Ma Zhi was renamed Zhao Liangsi.

In the first month of the fifth year of Zhenghe (AD 1115), Akuta proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of Daikin. In September, Jin Jun captured Huanglongfu (now Nong ‘an County, Jilin Province), a military town in Liao, and Emperor Tianzuo of Liao led 700,000 troops to counterattack Huanglongfu. As a result, the Liao army was defeated.

In March of the second year of Xuanhe (A.D. 1120), Zhao Liangsi met Akuta from Dengzhou (now Penglai City, Shandong Province), and the two sides reached an agreement: Jin Jun attacked Liaozhongjing (now Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), and Song Jun attacked Liaoning Nanjing, also known as Yanjing (now Beijing); After Song Jun captured Yanjing, Yanjing and the prefectures under its control belonged to the Song Dynasty, which transferred 500,000 pieces of silver silk originally given to the Liao Dynasty to the rulers. This agreement is known in history as "Song, Jin, Xuan and Maritime Alliance". With the Covenant, 8 Jin Army began to attack Liao without any worries, while Song Jun was transferred to suppress the Fang La uprising.

In the first month of the fourth year of Xuanhe (AD 1122), 8 Jin Army broke through Liaozhongjing; In March, the Jin army attacked western Liaoning. At this point, Liao Wujing has lost four, and only Yanjing exists. Emperor Tianzuo of Liao fled to Jiashan (now Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), and Jin Jun concentrated his forces on pursuit, so he had no time to take care of Yanjing. At this point, Tong Guan has wiped out the Fang La uprising. Therefore, Song Huizong appointed Tong Guan as the Xuanfu envoy of Hebei and Hedong, and Cai You, the eldest son of Cai Jing, as the deputy envoy, and became the general commander of Zhongshi Daodu, leading an army of 150,000, attacking Yanjing and launching the Battle of Yanshan.

The national strength was weak, the Chaogang was corrupted, and the war broke out again, and another eunuch of Song Huizong, Li Yan, caused a great disaster to Song Huizong. Li Yan checked the fields in the northwest, confiscated more than 34,300 hectares of land of the people, and killed more than 1,000 people with sticks, resulting in countless bankrupts. As a result, people in JD.COM and Hebei rebelled, making it more difficult for the court to stabilize the situation.

Cai Jing has lost his position as prime minister because of his opposition to uniting Jin to destroy Liao. There was a covenant between Song and Liao, which lasted for a hundred years. At this time, the war ends together, and the future was unpredictable. Cai You, the son, went to fight against Liao, and Cai Jing was sad and gave a poem to his son:

The lazy man is not free in body and mind, and the letter is sent with tears.

A hundred years of faith and oath should be deeply read, and the three-volt sign should be combined with less rest.

Seeing the standard like yesterday’s dream, I feel deeply worried.

It’s full of breeze in the clothing hall, and I’ll come back early and get drunk.

With the ups and downs of Cai Jing’s official career, the amount of pawn money in circulation is also increasing, and inflation is intensifying. The price of rice has risen to about 400 to 1,500 per stone, which is about three to five times higher than the price of 100 to 300 per stone in the early Northern Song Dynasty. The price of silk rose to about 2,000 Wen per horse, which was about twice as high as that of about 1,000 Wen per horse in the early Northern Song Dynasty. Serious inflation has made people’s lives increasingly difficult, and the voice of opposition to Cai Jing in the DPRK is growing. When the nomads from the army attacked Taiyuan and nearly forced the capital, and Song Huizong gave Song Qinzong a Zen position, Taixue invited the imperial court to kill Cai Jing to thank the world.

After Song Qinzong ascended the throne, he demoted Cai Jing once and then, and a few months later he demoted Cai Jing to Hainan Island for resettlement. However, Cai Jing failed to reach Hainan Island and fell ill and died halfway to Changsha. A few months after Cai Jing’s death, the nomads from the army invaded Kaifeng and took Song Huizong and Song Qinzong to the north. As a result, the Northern Song Dynasty perished, and the circulation of ten coins finally came to an end.

(This article is excerpted from "Taking Wealth from the People: Eight Great Ministers in the History of China")

By Shi Junzhi

Seize the wealth from the people

CITIC Publishing House published in September.

About the author: Shi Junzhi, Ph.D. in History from Beijing Normal University, J.D. from China Renmin University, Ph.D. in Economics from Tsinghua University, and a scholar in the history of monetary law in China. Researcher, Institute of Finance, China Academy of Social Sciences, General Manager of National Trust Company Limited.

He has held senior management positions in the International Business Department of China Bank Head Office, China Bank London Branch, China Merchants Bank Head Office, Orient Asset Management Company and Bohai Bank Head Office, and has 25 years of financial practice and management experience. He is the executive director of China Institute of International Finance, tutor and part-time professor for master students of Central University of Finance and Economics, tutor and part-time professor for master students of graduate department of China People’s Bank, tutor and part-time professor for master students of Hunan University Law School, and member of the editorial board of Translation of Financial Works of China Financial Publishing House.

　

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Stick to the new era and work hard for a new journey. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party pointed out that we should deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, speed up the layout optimization and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, promote the state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises to become stronger, better and bigger, and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises.

On November 28th, Hangzhou State-owned Capital Investment and Operation Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Hangzhou Capital"), the first municipal state-owned capital investment and operation platform in Hangzhou, celebrated its fourth anniversary. Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, Hangzhou Capital resolutely implements the decision-making arrangements of the municipal party committee and municipal government, bases itself on the functional orientation of "strategic investment platform, state-owned capital value management platform and state-owned state-owned enterprise deepening reform service platform", strives for innovation, gives full play to the leading role and amplification effect of state-owned capital, and helps Hangzhou’s industrial transformation and urban comprehensive energy level improvement with the optimized layout of state-owned economy, which is demonstrated in the practice of vigorously promoting "two firsts" in Hangzhou.

Be stronger and bigger, speed up the construction of a new development pattern

Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and focus on promoting high-quality development. Four years ago, Hangzhou Capital came into being.

As the first "two-type company" at the municipal level, Hangzhou Capital is positioned as "the promoter of state-owned enterprise reform and the guide of industrial transformation", assisting the SASAC to perform the responsibilities of investor and carry out the operation of state-owned capital, implement the strategic adjustment of state-owned capital, and improve the allocation efficiency and operation quality of state-owned capital. Focusing on the functions of the three platforms, the company has built a "one body and two wings" business pattern of headquarters+investment and operation, and carried out state-owned capital operation management and strategic investment.

After four years’ efforts, by the end of October 2022, the company’s consolidated assets totaled 82.096 billion yuan and its consolidated net assets were 39.893 billion yuan. From January to October 2022, the consolidated revenue was 38.577 billion yuan, up 29.53% year-on-year, and the total consolidated profit was 3.949 billion yuan, up 19.32% year-on-year.

At present, Hangzhou Capital has consolidated 148 subordinate companies through equity transfer, direct investment, establishment of industrial funds, mergers and acquisitions, etc., including 9 key first-tier subsidiaries, including 4 wholly-owned subsidiaries, 5 holding companies, and 6 shareholding companies, with double AAA main credit rating. It is the largest shareholder of listed companies Hangyang Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Turbine Power Group Co., Ltd. and Digital Source Technology Co., Ltd., and the second shareholder of East China Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Guided by the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Hangzhou is paying close attention to the primary task of high-quality development. Efforts will be made to build five industrial ecological circles, to build a modern service industry system focusing on "two places and four centers", to strive for a comprehensive national science center, and to build the first choice for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. As a new force to promote high-quality industrial development in Hangzhou, Hangzhou Capital, driven by studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, systematically grasps the new mission and tasks entrusted to state-owned enterprises, and strives to contribute to building a Chinese-style modern city model.

Capital empowerment to build a strategic investment platform

In May this year, with the cooperation of Hangzhou Capital, Sequoia China RMB Seventh Science and Technology Fund signed a contract to land in Hangzhou. Relying on its rich international innovation resources, Sequoia China hopes to build an empowerment platform in Hangzhou, focusing on the fields of science and technology, medical care and health, consumer services, etc., and leveraging the long-term experience of excavating and incubating in professional fields to help innovative enterprises grow, it will inject surging power into Hangzhou’s innovation ecology. Recently, the CEO Summit of Sequoia Capital was held in Hangzhou. This is the first time that Sequoia Capital has held a summit in a city other than Shenzhen and Guangzhou. It also reflects internationally renowned investment institutions and is optimistic about Hangzhou, a city of innovation and vitality.

Innovation wins. To fully implement the new development concept, we must lead high-quality development with innovation drive and build new kinetic energy for industrial development and economic development with innovation drive. Hangzhou Capital actively plays the role of a strategic investment platform, undertakes the establishment and management of the Hangzhou Innovation Fund with a scale of 100 billion, is responsible for investing in strategic emerging industries, practices the role of a leader in industrial transformation, and exerts the leading role and amplification effect of state-owned capital through direct investment and fund investment, so as to promote the development of more social capital to key industries in Hangzhou.

Focusing on the need of optimizing the industrial layout and upgrading the industrial energy level in Hangzhou, Hangzhou Capital actively carries out strategic investment to boost the development of "concentration, accumulation and cluster" of the industry. Up to now, 40 foreign investment projects have been completed, with a total investment of 25.728 billion yuan, including 16.807 billion yuan from the fund and 8.921 billion yuan from the project, with a total investment of 9.739 billion yuan. Hangzhou Innovation Fund, which took the lead in establishing and operating, has established 13 funds, with a total scale exceeding 62.73 billion yuan, including 2 industry parent funds with a scale of 25 billion yuan; There are 7 sub-funds with a scale of 22.645 billion yuan; There are 4 special sub-funds with a scale of 15.085 billion yuan. It has reached cooperation with a number of head institutions such as Sequoia Capital, CITIC Group, CICC Capital and Tiger Bio. The investment has landed a number of high-quality projects, which has effectively boosted the layout development of Hangzhou in integrated circuits, digital economy, biomedicine, new energy and other industries.

Recruit big, attract strong, and lay out five industrial chains at a high position

Seizing the commanding heights of emerging industries is to win the initiative of future development.

Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Communist Party of China, proposed to promote the development of strategic emerging industries integration clusters and build a number of new growth engines such as new generation information technology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment and environmental protection.

Today’s investment promotion is tomorrow’s industry. Hangzhou Capital gives full play to its own characteristic advantages, relies on the linkage between cities and districts and its own industrial advantages, actively attracts major industrial projects to land in Hangzhou around the five major industrial chains, and promotes the construction of characteristic industrial parks and incubators with the concept of "one industry, one park, one fund".

Recently, the zero-run car that landed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange handed over its first report card. In the first three quarters, the company achieved revenue of 4.288 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 398.5%, and the delivery of new cars will soon exceed 100,000 units. The rapid development of zero-running cars is also inseparable from the good industrial ecology created by Hangzhou. The new project of zero-run automobile intelligent factory has blossomed in Hangzhou, among which Hangzhou Capital dominates the support of 3 billion yuan strategic investment in urban areas. The new project of Zero Run New Energy Vehicle Intelligent Factory in Dajiangdong is currently under construction. The total investment of the project is 4 billion yuan, and it is planned to start production in 2023. Hangzhou’s vigorously developed new energy automobile industry will add new kinetic energy.

Recruit big and attract strong, and the project is king. Up to now, Hangzhou Innovation Fund has invested in 35 projects in Hangzhou, such as Shimai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Anbang Security Co., Ltd., inciting the total scale of social capital to 16.206 billion yuan, and actively tracking and promoting a number of major industrial projects.

Hangzhou Innovation Fund closely focuses on five industrial chains, namely intelligent IOT, biomedicine, high-end equipment, new materials and green energy, to realize the integration of "fund chain, innovation chain and industrial chain" and build an industrial chain and ecological circle with voice and competitiveness. In the intelligent IOT industry, it participates in the Pre-IPO round of financing of central control information, provides the overall solution of smart city construction in the whole life cycle, and plans to declare the IPO of GEM; In terms of biomedicine, we participated in Tiger Biomedical Fund and Beida Biomedical Fund, focusing on innovative medical devices, biomedicine, medical informationization, medical services and other fields to promote the transformation and upgrading of Hangzhou’s life and health industry; In terms of high-end equipment, the industrial chain layout of upstream materials, equipment, midstream chip design and downstream wafer foundry has been completed; In terms of new materials, through the sub-fund investment of 100 million yuan to support the research and development innovation of Jingjing New Materials Technology Company; In terms of green energy, we will actively connect with projects such as China Forestry Group and Carbon Exchange.

Deepening reform, innovation and development of state-owned enterprises and increasing vitality

Reform promotes development, and work hard to undertake the mission. As a product of deepening the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, Hangzhou Capital actively promotes the three-year reform of state-owned enterprises, adheres to the strategic positioning of excellent state-owned capital value management platform, gives full play to the role of active shareholders, stimulates the vitality of subordinate enterprises through reform, and empowers state-owned enterprises to innovate and develop.

Hangzhou Capital helps enterprises to become bigger and stronger through equity operation management, and participates in the capital increase and share expansion of Hangzhou Oxygen Special Gas Co., Ltd. to introduce strategic investors, so as to help Hangzhou Oxygen Co., Ltd. seize market opportunities to make the special gas business sector better and stronger; Overall planning for deepening the reform work of Hangzhou Steam Turbine Group, laying the foundation for the company and enterprises in the system to set sail for the next step; Promote the construction of East China Pharmaceutical Life and Health Industrial Park, attract innovative drug research and development project teams, and become a new highland of biomedicine. The equity incentive plan for employees of Hangzhou Oxygen, Hangzhou Steam Turbine and Huadong Pharmaceutical has greatly stimulated the development vitality of enterprises. Hangzhou Capital also actively participated in the mixed reform of central and local enterprises under the State Grid, and invested in Hangzhou Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.. Through a series of measures, the core competitiveness, innovation, control, influence and anti-risk ability of enterprises owned by Hangzhou Capital have been significantly improved. At present, Hangzhou Capital has owned four "Kunpeng" enterprises, namely Hangzhou Oxygen, Hangzhou Steam Turbine, East China Medicine and Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Company, and four "Little Giant" enterprises specializing in specialty and novelty.

Guided by scientific and technological innovation, the development of enterprises has continuously enhanced its vitality. Hangyang Group accelerated the transformation to service-oriented manufacturing industry, achieved new breakthroughs in the fields of new energy, new materials and hydrogen energy, was selected as the national "Science and Technology Reform Demonstration Enterprise" and was identified as the national benchmark enterprise by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council; Hangzhou Steam Turbine Group successfully developed 1.5 million tons/year industrial steam turbine for driving ethylene plant, setting a new record for the first set in the world, and entered the commanding heights of gas turbine research and development in the industry, and achieved phased results; Hangzhou Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. completed the research and development of uninterrupted operation products and new mobile energy storage vehicles; Digital Hangzhou Company helps Hangzhou’s urban brain construction, develops and operates epidemic prevention site codes, and promotes Hangzhou to build a global digital transformation highland.

Mining value from shutting down and turning back. Hangzhou Capital set up a unified disposal platform for inefficient and ineffective assets at the municipal level, launched a special campaign to clean up small and weak state-owned enterprises, gradually accepted the equity and physical assets that are difficult to be disposed of by municipal state-owned enterprises through vertical integration, horizontal merger and entrusted disposal, and actively explored and promoted the deepening of market-oriented disposal mode. At present, 21 equity assets and 13 physical assets have been disposed of, and the state-owned assets have been revitalized by over 180 million yuan.

Keep in mind the mission and join hands in the new journey of common prosperity

Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and an important feature of Chinese modernization. With the mission of state-owned and state-owned enterprises, Do not forget your initiative mind, the capital of Hangzhou, actively fulfilled its social responsibilities, and made positive efforts in supporting the prevention and control of first-line epidemics, uniting villages and towns, Spring Breeze Action, helping enterprises to bail out difficulties, and fully safeguarding the Asian Games, and bravely shouldered the responsibility of state-owned enterprises.

Recently, Hangzhou Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Hangzhou Capital, received a thank-you letter from Baojia Village, Langchuan Township, Chun ‘an County. Hangzhou Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. combined with its own technical characteristics and advantages, installed complete sets of photovoltaic power generation equipment for the party-mass service center building in Baojia Village. The company also invested about 172 million yuan to build the Maoshangang centralized photovoltaic power station project in Zhangcun, Zhongzhou Town, Chun ‘an County, and explored the dual-purpose comprehensive use mode of photovoltaic power generation on the shed, planting tea, blueberries and Chinese herbal medicines under the shed to help local farmers get rich.

Hangzhou Capital has integrated the concepts of social responsibility and common prosperity into corporate culture and strategic planning, and realized the "symbiosis and common benefit" between social responsibility and business operation. While helping with real money, sincerity and practical work, Hangzhou Capital has actively promoted wealth with the concept of development, and explored a number of projects featuring common prosperity. For example, important subsidiaries of Hangzhou Capital and System have actively participated in the activities of "Hundred Societies and Hundred Enterprises Building Hundred Villages", and have completed pairing work with nine villages including Changchuan Village, Yinjiang Village, xinfeng village and Yaoshan Village. We also jointly invested in Fuling Technology with jiande city to help introduce high-end manufacturing industry projects.

Strive for a new journey and set sail again. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China sounded the clarion call for building a socialist modernization power in an all-round way. Hangzhou Capital will thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, conscientiously implement the important exposition spirit of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the reform and development of state-owned enterprises, continue to promote the gathering of state-owned capital in the five major industrial chains of our city under the leadership of the municipal party committee and municipal government, and expand the scale and strategic support capacity of Hangzhou Innovation Fund. We will increase investment attraction, support key industries to strengthen the chain and make up the chain, and lay out each subdivision track in depth to lead the layout of state-owned capital to be further optimized. Continue to deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises and build a world-class enterprise. With the mission of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, we will help Hangzhou to accelerate the construction of a world-class socialist modern international metropolis and show its head geese in the "two firsts".

1905 movie network news Recently, Amanda’s first-time screenwriter and director of the film "Fu Xiang Xin" successfully entered the main competition unit of the 22nd Shanghai International Film Festival. A total of 15 films were shortlisted for the long part of the plot, including three Chinese films, and "Heart of Hometown" will compete with many films for the highest honor of the film festival — — Golden Goblet Awards.　

The concept of "Homecoming Trilogy" in Amanda’s realistic film was first presented.

The film begins with the story of a lonely old man, Jiang Sheng, who was displaced to a foreign land to save his fellow villager Li Yaojun. Since then, he has been separated from his relatives and drifted alone, looking for a life destination. This is the first time that Amanda has put her works on the big screen as a director, and it is also the second film in the "Homecoming Trilogy" that she made after being a screenwriter. The first film material continues Amanda’s unique film language, and tells humanistic care from the perspective of "homesickness and homecoming".

In the first "homesickness" poster exposed in the movie "Nostalgia", there are incomplete portraits on the wall, empty seats behind them, and only old people are left in the huge red envelope field, which reflects the loneliness of the old people and is filled with homesickness. Director Amanda said: "The theme of returning home is of great epoch and cultural significance. I want to record them. This is my little original intention." The film focuses on the elderly wandering in a foreign land and tells a story of longing to return to their hometown.

Amanda became a director for the first time. Multi-identity surprise gift

Amanda is widely involved in the deductive industry, and his ability is highly recognized. In 2000, he won many awards such as Best Newcomer Award and Best Actress for his wonderful performance in the movie "Durian Fluttering". Tried to be a screenwriter in the movie "To Fuyang 600 Li" and won the best original screenplay award; The films that participated in and participated in as a producer were also successfully selected for the Rotterdam International Film Festival. In drama, Amanda’s achievements should not be underestimated, and he won the 14th Golden Lion Award with Four Generations under One roof. In addition to acting, Amanda also served as the judge of the 22nd Magnolia Award and the 21st Film Festival, and hosted the 29th Golden Eagle Award Gala.

Amanda, who likes to try, has been exploring in different fields and has achieved good results. The film "Fu Xiang Xin" is Amanda’s first step in the field of directing. I look forward to the release of "Fu Xiang Xin".

　　Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, March 30th (Reporter Zhao Jiantong, Liao Jun, Xiong Qi) When it comes to the football super league, what most fans can think of is "Premier League", "Portuguese Super League" or "Super League". However, last Sunday, a primary school in Wuhan started a "Wan Chao" league with 28 teams. Ten rounds of matches will be held every week until the end of the semester.

　　Wansongyuan Road Primary School has a long history of developing campus football, and has trained athletes such as Tu Shengqiao, Hao Junmin and Hanlin Yao. In the 2022 China Youth Football League, "Wanxiao" participated in six groups in Wuhan Division and won the championship and runner-up in four groups. Xinhua News Agency reporters found some unique details after attending the opening ceremony of the "Wan Chao" League in the new semester and observing many games, which may provide a glimpse of the school’s many successful experiences in campus football.

　　A 61-page order book

　　After the opening ceremony of the league, the game began. The rapid transition from the ceremony venue to the football field, from the coach leading the students to warm up before the game to the skilled referee, from the ambulances and medical staff prepared on the sidelines to the guzheng performance performed by the middle school students, the orderly and orderly organization and implementation of the professional "Wan Chao" League is impressive.

　　When turning over the 61-page "Wan Chao" League Order Book containing 14 major items, everything seems to have an answer. Among them, the rules, schedules and other provisions have extremely detailed provisions on the division of activities, competition processes and award selection rules, and the professional level is almost comparable to that of professional competitions.

　　"Wan Chao" League also has some special settings. For example, students must have excellent cultural achievements to participate in the competition, talent shows should be interspersed at halftime, scores should be scored on and off the field according to age and formation, and the code of conduct that requires coaches to understand the advanced techniques and tactics of world football should be detailed.

　　Principal Xiong Liping introduced that this year, "Wan Chao" was upgraded from a campus football event to a mass sports compound event in Jianghan District. Six young teams and four adult teams were invited to join the league.

　　Among the four adult teams, there are three teams composed of hospital, bank employees and nearby residents, and one is the school coach team. In the competition system, the teams of Grade 5 and Grade 6 of Wanxiao were grouped into adult groups and will compete with four adult teams. In addition, this arrangement of "playing big with small" also implies the coach team’s deeper thinking about youth football.

　　Coach Deng Shijun said that this competition system is actually to provide a high-intensity competition environment for small players. "Football is not only a technical and tactical issue, but also involves psychological and social aspects. There was a child in the game just now. He was out of balance when confronted with strong confrontation. I think this is also a place where many children need to improve. "

　　Professional coach of Rooted Primary School

　　Deng Shijun, 51, is known as the "father of grass-roots football" in Wu Hanyou. He is the only primary school teacher in China who has obtained the qualification of AFC lecturer and AFC professional football coach, and is also the head of the coaching team for organizing the "Wan Chao" League.

　　According to the data of China Football Association, at present, only over 100 people in China hold professional-level coaching certificates. Although qualified to coach top professional clubs, Deng Shijun resolutely chose to take root in campus football and devoted himself to educating people for nearly 30 years.

　　Deng Shijun (third from right), lecturer of AFC and professional football coach of AFC. The picture is provided by the school.

　　"After playing the game every weekend, all the game materials will be copied back by the coach for analysis. On Monday, the coach will conduct a collective analysis meeting to guide the training content of this week."

　　"In fact, it lies in being serious or not," coach Deng summed up the uniqueness of "Wanxiao" in playing football. "I have always said that we should wait for the flowers to bloom. Only by paying a lot can we bring out the fine products. Make the grassroots solid, 10 years, 20 years, like Yugong Yishan, take your time. "

　　The "Wanxiao" coaching team currently has 10 full-time coaches. Most of these coaches have professional athletes’ experience, and all of them hold AFC C-level and above coaching qualification certificates. Coach Deng introduced that through the government’s purchase of services, the school introduced full-time coaches, which not only solved the work treatment problem of retired players, but also improved the professional level of campus football.

　　Change venues three times a day.

　　Every Sunday from morning till night, there are 28 teams, which are divided into children’s groups, senior and junior groups and adult groups. During the "Wan Chao" League, the school used an eight-person court to the extreme. After a game between senior and adult teams, the coaches quickly cut the whole field into three pieces with fences, and the six teams participating in the five-a-side competition immediately began to warm up. According to a coach, the venue will also be divided into six blocks for the follow-up three-person competition for children.

　　The fence on the site is actually a common "water horse" on the highway. After years of exploration, coaches found that this kind of tied "water horse" is better than ordinary mobile football purse seine — — It is convenient to carry, will not be knocked over or blown down by the wind, and can also bounce the ball to keep the rhythm of the game continuous.

　　Relying on the class form of group rotation and efficient use of the venue, "Wanxiao" meets the needs of more than 1,000 students in the whole school to have a football class once a week and more than 10 teams to carry out "four practices and one game" on an eight-person venue.

　　"Our venue will be repaired in July and August this year, and the venue will be widened." Deng Shijun said that after the venue upgrade, he hoped to make the "Wan Chao" League bigger and stronger.

　　Parents inside and outside the fence

　　Before the opening match of "Wan Chao" League, parents were already standing outside the wall on the street side of the stadium to watch the game, and the trail over 100 meters was crowded.

　　In fact, there are many parents in the crowd near the site within the fence. Zhang Zhihui is the father of a fifth-grade student, Zhang Mulang. He and several teammates’ parents volunteered at the league. These parents and volunteers are divided into different roles, some as photographers to take pictures and record videos for children, some as teaching assistants to help coaches lead the competition, and some on the sidelines to do some equipment and water delivery.

　　Wang Lingjie, the teaching director, said: "Parents have now formed a tacit understanding with the school. They know how to help coaches and teachers make up for their places. This is also a good process for parents to participate in the growth of their children. "

　　Deng Shijun said that with the support of the district government and other sectors of society, students don’t have to pay for "ten thousand small" training and competitions, and they can also receive free football equipment, so the burden on parents is reduced a lot.

　　According to the coaches, with the holding of the "Wan Chao" League, parents who used to take their children to play in off-campus training institutions on weekends now mostly let their children play in school.

　　The work "Angel Mother". Photo courtesy of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital

　　Zhongxin. com, Nanjing, May 11th (Xu Linhua, Xu Shanshan) "I lend my dearest mother to you", "My mother is an angel guarding this city, an angel with light" and "My mother is angels in white with wings" … … On the eve of the International Nurses’ Day on May 12th, the children of nurses sketched their parents’ images in various ways, such as painting, calligraphy, photography and poetry.

　　"I lend my dearest mother to you."

　　Zuo Jingfang of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital (affiliated tumor hospital of Nanjing Medical University) rushed to Huangshi, Hubei Province in 2020 with Jiangsu medical aid team, and served as the head nurse of respiratory department of Huangshi Central Hospital, leading more than 100 nurses in Jiangsu and Huangshi to work in the front line. In April this year, she also participated in supporting nucleic acid collection in Jiangsu Province. Before Nurses’ Day, my son drew a picture with this theme, called "Borrowing Mom".

　　The work "Borrow Mom". Photo courtesy of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital

　　"I am one of the dual-employee families in the hospital. Everyone is busy. My lover often comes home late for surgery, and the children can only be taken care of by the elderly." Zuo Jingfang said. She wants to say "sorry" to her family and children. Because of work reasons, I often can’t take care of my family, so many schools are absent from parent-child activities.

　　"Although this profession is very hard, it has also gained a lot. After the COVID-19 epidemic, more and more people recognized us, and the relationship between doctors and patients became more harmonious. " Zuo Jingfang said.

　　The work "Xiao Bai, Anti-epidemic Record". Photo courtesy of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital

　　"Wait for spring, the epidemic will be over" and "Xiaobai, Anti-epidemic Record"

　　Support Nanjing nucleic acid collection for 13 days in July 2021; In March 2022, he supported the nucleic acid test in Jiangbei New District for 16 days with the Jiangsu Provincial Team; In May, the team leader supported Nanjing nucleic acid collection … … This series of data records the anti-epidemic footprint of Jing Jiang.

　　Jing Jiang is a nurse in charge of the nursing department of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and the mother of twins. Because he has participated in nucleic acid collection for many times, he has to be the team leader or team leader. Jiang Jing is busier than other team members, leaving little time for the children.

　　"Mom, where have you been?" "Mom went out to fight the virus." "Mom, what do you use to fight the virus?" "Wear white protective clothing, wash your hands frequently and disinfect your whole body." So, Jing Jiang’s son drew a picture like a comic book, called "Xiao Bai, Anti-epidemic"; My daughter’s work is called "When Spring Comes, the epidemic will be over". After the children drew, they couldn’t write many words, so Jing Jiang helped them write on the picture.

　　"I hope dad will help Shanghai win the virus as soon as possible."

　　"I was going to draw a picture of Jiangsu medical team’s anti-epidemic work in Shanghai with my daughter before the nurse’s day, but I can’t go home because the support work is not over yet." Jason Han Han smiled at the other end of the phone and said slightly embarrassedly.

　　As one of the few male nurses in the hospital, Jason has already been "battle-hardened". It has been 12 years since I joined the work in 2010. He said: "There are many young people in our group who haven’t worked for a long time, so I have to set an example. After all, I have more experience than them, and I have to take part in the anti-epidemic for a longer time and be more rigorous."

　　Zhang Jie has two daughters, the older is 6 years old and the younger is only 2 years old. He participated in aiding Shanghai to fight the epidemic, and his wife was studying in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Because of the epidemic, both of them could not go home, so they had to entrust their children to their parents. "Want to daughter! I haven’t held my daughter for more than a month, and it must be false to say that I don’t want to! " Jason said that the support work is still going on, and all the players are working hard at the front line. The daughters all said, "I hope my father will help Shanghai win the virus as soon as possible and go home as soon as possible."

　　Nurse’s Day is coming, and Jason has set himself a goal: to become an excellent operating room specialist nurse, and "she is working hard in this direction at present".

These days, the male host of CCTV earned enough space, and even a host resigned on the Internet. But don’t worry, there is no one else to watch. If you really want to talk about CCTV anchors, these high-value new generation beauties must not be missed!

1. Li Sisi used to be the beauty of Peking University.

Li Sisi, born in 1986, is a representative of the new generation Hua Dan of CCTV. In 2012, she acted as the host of the the Year of the Loong Spring Festival Gala, becoming the youngest host on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala. Before being the host, Li Sisi actually stepped into the entertainment circle very early. When she was 9 years old, she filmed the MV of Dong Wenhua’s "The Ballad of the Great Wall". When she grew up, she was admitted to Peking University, and she was named "the flower of Peking University". In 2005, she became the only female champion who served for 8 issues in Challenge Host, and has since entered the stage of CCTV.

The stage is temperament type.

Under the stage is-Meng Meng Da!

Life photos of Li Sisi

2. Yang Mingming became the "Central 5 Goddess" during her internship.

Unlike other female anchors, Yang Mingming, born in 1992, was a hit during her internship.
Red. In 2012, Yang Mingming entered the CCTV Sports Program Center as the first batch of interns. At that time, she appeared in the Midnight Sports Report. Her sweet appearance instantly became popular on the Internet, and some netizens stayed up all night to watch new movies for her.
Smell. Because of her outstanding performance during her internship, Yang Mingming stayed at CCTV after graduation, and now she has become the host of CCTV’s "Feast of the Giants".

Life photos of Yang Mingming

3. Tu Jingwei and Xiaosa used to be golden couple.

Tu Jingwei, born in 1980, is the head of the film channel Hua Dan. As the host of "China Film Report" and "Premiere", she is sensitive in the program, not only active on the screen, but also frequently appearing in major film festivals. Outside of work, the relationship between Jingwei and Sa Beining is also widely known. In 2006, they hosted the Changchun Film Festival and sparked off a spark. They were regarded as the "golden couple" of CCTV, but this relationship ended in 2009.

Tu Jingwei

4. Lei Zhang was once called the successor of Dong Qing.

Like Li Sisi, Lei Zhang became famous on the stage of Challenge Host. In 2006, she stood out from more than 11,000 contestants and was announced to join CCTV on the spot. Later, Zhang Lei was the host of Happy China and Happy Hero. With her dignified and generous hosting style and sweet appearance, she was regarded as the successor of Dong Qing. However, in the rising period of her career, she retired, married an iron ore tycoon in 2013, and did not return to CCTV until March 18, 2014, and then served as the host of Variety Festival.

High-end atmospheric portrait, beautiful ~

Professional modeling ~

5. Mi Li once appeared in the movie "The Thorn Tomb".

Mi Li, born in 1986, is currently the host of China Film Report, The Sound of Music and last romance on CCTV film channel. With a pure image, she is not only the beauty queen of China Communication University, but also a famous talented woman. Now she is studying for Dr. Peking University, and she is more proficient in both Chinese and English. With a good appearance, she has also crossed the border many times. She once made a guest appearance as a pork girl in the movie "Thorn Mausoleum" and even appeared in the short film "Charm Sound" with friendship.

Mi Li and Chen Daoming took a group photo at the shooting scene of "Thorn Mausoleum"

Normal work clothes are like this ~

Mi Li visited the barracks.

six.Rachel became popular because of the title of "Squire Liu"

1986
Rachel, born in, is the anchor of CCTV’s "NBA Frontline". With her sweet appearance, she is deeply loved by male fans with her natural girl-next-door temperament and is called the most beautiful sports female anchor in CCTV history. However, she
There is also a louder nickname-"Squire Liu". It turned out that during the World Cup in Brazil, which team rachel wore was out, and her strong ability of "reverse prediction" made her an instant hit on the Internet.

rachel

7. Qin Fang was once the top three in the beauty contest.

On July 26th, 2011, Qin Fang, the anchor of CCTV, choked to broadcast the rear-end collision of a bullet train after introducing Yi Yi’s situation in the program, which attracted the attention of netizens. Qin Fang, who hosted International News and Weather Information, was named one of the top ten beauty anchors of CCTV earlier because of her elegant temperament. With a delicate appearance, she has participated in many beauty contests, not only being among the top three beautiful girls in Chongqing, but also winning the title of Chongqing Division of the New Silk Road Model Contest. In addition, Qin Fang was the top student in the college entrance examination. She was admitted to Communication University of China as the top student in Chongqing Arts.

Anchor platform

Qin Fang photo

Life photo

8. Hu Die

Hu Die was born in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province on February 16th, 1983. In June, 2005, Hu Die graduated with the first grade in comprehensive assessment, gave up the insurance research and entered Beijing TV Station, and embarked on the road of news broadcasting. In July 2009, he began to host the news program "Chao Wen Tian Xia", which was broadcast live by CCTV-1 and CCTV- News. Won the "2010 Famous Host" of CCTV. It was only recently exposed that Lu Chuan was certified.

Hu Die

9. Ma Fanshu

Ma Fanshu was born in Harbin on November 6th, 1993. On the evening of November 24th, 2014, Ma Fanshu made his first appearance as the host in CCTV’s newly revised Football Under the World. In the program, Fan Fan, who appeared in a green dress, cooperated with Duan Xuan tacitly and showed humor.

ma fan shu

(Observer Network Integrated International Online and other media)

　　Cctv newsAccording to the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, research shows that myopia is the result of many factors, and children and adolescents are generally susceptible. On the basis of considering multiple causes, such as environmental and behavioral factors, genetic factors, eye evolution law and social and cultural factors, this paper puts forward intervention techniques for children and adolescents’ myopia, and adopts three-level prevention strategies to implement comprehensive public health intervention measures to prevent, reduce and slow down the occurrence and development of children and adolescents’ myopia.

　　First, the prevention of public health intervention technology

　　(1) Monitoring, evaluation and intervention of myopia risk behaviors.

　　1. Students’ eye behavior evaluation. For students of different school ages, the eye behavior evaluation form for kindergarten and primary school students in grades 1-3 (parent version) (attached table 1) and the eye behavior evaluation form for primary school students in grades 4-6 (student version) (attached table 2) were used to evaluate the eye behavior of kindergarten to middle school students, and to identify the risk behavior factors that affect myopia of children and adolescents, such as insufficient outdoor activities, excessive use of electronic products, lack of sleep or large social time difference, reading and writing.

　　2. Application of evaluation results. According to the specific risk factors, teachers and parents should change the bad eye behavior of children and adolescents (the contents listed in Schedule 1 and Schedule 2 can be used as the contents of health education and behavior standards).

　　3. Promote good eye use behavior with appropriate technology. Actively develop or use the existing appropriate technologies for myopia prevention and control, and apply them to promote the development of children and adolescents’ rational eye use behavior. For example, the height of the desk and chair measuring ruler (desk and chair deployment measuring ruler), correct reading and writing posture wall chart, light monitor, eye relaxation exercises, etc.

　　(2) The visual environment of schools, families and communities has been improved.

　　1. The construction of school visual friendly environment. Schools should provide students with good lighting and lighting environment according to the Hygienic Requirements for Prevention and Control of Myopia in School Supplies for Children and Adolescents (GB40070-2021). Each class should be equipped with desks and chairs to allocate measuring ruler, measure the height range of students regularly and adjust the desks and chairs in time. Each classroom should be equipped with adjustable desks and chairs or 2-3 types of desks and chairs according to the height range of students. The desks and chairs of the same type can be placed in columns, and the height of desks and chairs should be adjusted individually once every semester according to the height and sitting height of students. According to the perspective of students’ seats, the lighting situation in the classroom and the changes of students’ eyesight, the school will change students’ seats at least once a month. Multimedia classrooms should choose large-size projectors or computer screens. Under the same screen size, choose products with high screen resolution.

　　2. Building a family visual friendly environment. The desk should be placed so that its long axis is perpendicular to the window. When studying during the day, natural light enters from the opposite side of the writing hand to avoid direct sunlight. The average illumination value of the desktop is not less than 300lx. Parents should adjust the height of desks and chairs regularly according to the growth and development of children and adolescents. Children and adolescents should be equipped with desk lamps that have passed the national compulsory product certification (CCC certification), and children and adolescents should turn on the ceiling lights in addition to using desk lamps when studying at night. When online learning is needed, electronic products with large screen such as TV and desktop computer should be selected, and electronic products with high screen resolution should be selected under the same screen size. The viewing distance of TV is not less than 4 times the diagonal distance of the screen, the horizontal viewing distance of computer is not less than 50cm, and the viewing distance of mobile phone is not less than 40cm. Children and teenagers don’t put televisions and computers in their bedrooms. They use dark curtains at night and don’t turn on the night light to sleep. Guide children and adolescents to avoid or reduce exposure to high brightness and blue light-rich electronic products at night.

　　3. Community visual friendly environment construction. Green space can prevent or slow down the occurrence and development of myopia in children and adolescents by increasing outdoor time and reducing screen time. Reasonable green land is set up in the community, with certain activity facilities, which is suitable for carrying out all kinds of parent-child outdoor activities. The night light environment of residential quarters should comply with the current national standards. Except for indicative and functional signs, advertising lighting is not suitable for residential buildings (districts). The glare limit of night lighting lamps in residential and pedestrian areas, the maximum allowable value of illumination on the outer surface of windows of residential buildings, and the maximum allowable value of luminous intensity of night lighting lamps in the direction of rooms should be strengthened in accordance with the Planning Standard for Urban Lighting Construction (CJJ/T 307-2019).

　　(3) 2 hours of outdoor activities and 1 hour of physical exercise during the day.

　　1. Ensure 2 hours of outdoor activities every day and 14 hours every week. According to the Grade and Description of Recommended Contents for Prevention and Control of Children and Adolescents’ Myopia by Outdoor Activities (Attached Table 3), school-age children have two hours of outdoor activities during the day, which are carried out inside and outside the school. The insufficient time for daytime outdoor activities on school days should be made up on weekends and reach at least 14 hours of daytime outdoor activities every week. Kindergarten children advocate three hours of outdoor activities during the day and put more conservation content outdoors.

　　2. Implement one-hour daytime outdoor activities on campus. The school arranges a 30-minute recess activity in the morning and afternoon, emphasizing outdoor activities and not sticking to the form and content of activities. Try to go to physical education class outdoors, and some indoor courses, such as class meetings, can be held outdoors. Set up outdoor activities interest groups and actively carry out various forms and rich contents of outdoor activities. Arrange extracurricular sports homework and provide high-quality exercise resources. Teachers should promptly remind students and class "eye guards" to supervise students to walk out of the classroom for 10 minutes between classes.

　　3. Grasp the one-hour outdoor activities outside school. It is recommended that children and adolescents have a full or staged walking to school, and junior students should be accompanied by their parents. Parents encourage and actively participate in children’s extracurricular activities, complete extracurricular sports homework, and go outdoors and go to nature with their children on weekends and holidays. Schools, parents and students cooperate, actively explore the development of peer-to-peer school groups, increase the time of outdoor activities during the day, enhance exchanges between students, and reduce parental companionship.

　　4. Exercise for 1 hour every day. According to the requirements of myopia prevention and control, children and adolescents should be outdoors for 2 hours every day, but according to the requirements of physical and mental health promotion, children and adolescents should be engaged in moderate to high-intensity physical activities for at least 60 minutes every day, mainly aerobic exercise. High-intensity aerobic exercise and muscle and bone strengthening exercise should be carried out at least three days a week. Taking physical education class as the starting point, the school guides students to carry out physical exercise, and brings the daytime outdoor physical exercise time into the range of 2 hours of daily outdoor activities.

　　(4) Health education for all teachers, students and parents.

　　1. Strengthen teachers’ health education ability. The school cooperates with public health professional institutions and medical colleges and universities to organize teachers to carry out health education and training on myopia prevention and control, so that teachers can master myopia prevention knowledge. Trained teachers popularize myopia prevention and control knowledge through health education classes, parent-teacher conferences, and myopia prevention and control theme class meetings.

　　2. Improve students’ eye health literacy. Students should receive at least one health education course or theme class meeting for myopia prevention and control every semester to learn the knowledge and skills of eye protection in like eyes. Teachers guide students to make handwritten reports on myopia prevention knowledge, and carry out knowledge contests, group discussions, role-playing, etc. to improve students’ myopia prevention and control ability. Students will bring the knowledge of myopia prevention and control they have learned and mastered in school back to their families, which will influence their parents and give play to the role of "small hands and big hands" in myopia prevention and control. Advocate the school to train an "eye protector" or preacher in each class, publicize the knowledge about vision protection, and urge students to go out of the classroom during recess.

　　3. Enhance parents’ awareness of vision protection. Parents should take the initiative to learn like eyes’s knowledge and skills of eye care, educate and urge their children to use their eyes scientifically, improve family lighting, adjust the height of desks and chairs, and correct the thought and behavior of "paying more attention to treatment than prevention", so as to realize the myopia prevention and control situation of "holding hands with big hands".

　　4. Increase the construction of social supportive environment. Mobilize experts to enter schools and society, popularize scientific knowledge of myopia prevention, and educators and children and adolescents identify scientific vision correction measures. Experts and scholars actively compile and publish popular science materials and books on myopia prevention and control health education, and make new media health education materials. Professional institutions, schools and communities should join forces to promote the dissemination and sharing of health education information and improve the coverage and efficiency of health education by using mobile health platforms or technologies, such as smart phone applications, SMS services and telephone intervention. Severely crack down on the false and illegal marketing and propaganda behavior of children and adolescents’ myopia prevention and control products.

　　Second, the secondary prevention of public health intervention technology

　　(1) Vision health screening.

　　Establish a regular vision screening system, carry out poor vision screening, the screening frequency is not less than 2 times per academic year, standardize the recording of inspection contents, and establish information management of vision health. Pay attention to the standardization of screening and filing process, strengthen quality control, and implement closed-loop management of grading after screening. With the help of artificial intelligence technology, the degree of automation of vision screening is improved, and the work efficiency and popularization are improved.

　　(2) Early warning management of myopia.

　　Timely analysis of children’s and adolescents’ visual health, early screening of myopia and other ametropia, dynamic observation of the development and changes of children’s and adolescents’ refractive status in different periods, early detection of myopia tendency or trend, establishment of myopia early warning model, and formulation of applicable and feasible intervention measures to slow down the rapid and severe development of myopia. Combined with vision screening and file establishment, it is suggested that children and adolescents with normal vision but with high risk factors of myopia or insufficient hyperopia reserve should change their high-risk behaviors, and schools, families and communities should cooperate to increase outdoor activities during the day, reduce the behavior of using eyes at close range and improve the visual environment. For those with pre-myopia, we should give high-risk early warning and focus on intervention. It is suggested to go to professional institutions to receive professional examinations such as medical optometry, make a clear diagnosis and take corresponding measures in time to control and slow down the occurrence and development of myopia in children and adolescents.

　　Three, three prevention of public health intervention technology

　　(1) scientifically correct myopia.

　　For children and adolescents who are already nearsighted, parents should be instructed to take their children to professional institutions for examination and correction in time. If it is determined that they need to wear glasses after professional examination, parents should choose glasses with appropriate degrees for their children according to the requirements of doctors or optometrists, wear glasses according to the doctor’s advice, and conduct regular follow-up.

　　(2) Preventing and controlling the aggravation and complications of myopia.

　　For children and adolescents with early onset of myopia or rapid development of myopia, specialists should adopt optical correction, drug correction or traditional Chinese medicine to slow down the progress of myopia. Parents should go to regular medical institutions, choose measures suitable for their children under the guidance of doctors or optometrists, and use them according to the doctor’s advice. For children and adolescents with fundus pathological changes and other complications, parents should take their children to professional medical institutions for treatment by specialists in time.

　　Fourth, the specific implementation measures

　　(1) Grasp early and small, and implement it in the whole life cycle.

　　1. The implementation of vision health management pass forward. Early detection of the shortage of hyperopia reserves and timely intervention measures are the key to move forward the prevention and control of myopia for children and adolescents. Move forward in the prevention and control cycle, grasp early and grasp small; Move forward in the prevention and control link, from treatment to early warning; Move forward in the sense of prevention and carry out early intervention for students with healthy vision. Move the myopia defense line forward to pregnancy, infants and preschool stage. Strengthen parents’ and teachers’ awareness of myopia prevention and control, and regard infants, preschool children and lower grades of primary schools as the key links of myopia prevention and control.

　　2. Promote the prevention and control of myopia in the whole life cycle. From the perspective of the whole life cycle, it focuses on the potentially sensitive periods such as pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, infants, preschool, school age, etc., so as to reduce the impact of biological, environmental and behavioral risk factors in each period on the visual health of children and adolescents. From pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and perinatal period, develop a healthy lifestyle, monitor health status in real time, and reduce the risk of gestational diabetes, hypertension and premature delivery, so as to reduce the risk of myopia in children and adolescents. Implement the "Standard for Eye Care and Vision Examination Services for Children Aged 0-6", establish children’s eye health files, and make one file for each person, which will be transferred in real time with children and adolescents entering school. Popularize the scientific knowledge of children’s eye care to parents, and guide families to actively accept children’s eye care and vision examination services. Carry out health guidance, don’t touch the electronic screen before the age of 3, preschool children should try to avoid touching and using video electronic products, reduce the time of using their eyes at close range, increase the time of outdoor activities, maintain correct reading and writing posture, develop good sleep habits and ensure adequate and regular sleep. At school age, we should advocate at least one hour of outdoor activities in and out of school every day, reduce long-term close eye use and maintain adequate regular sleep. Implementing myopia prevention and control from the whole life cycle can realize the forward movement of myopia prevention and control and improve the vision health in the whole life cycle.

　　(B) the combination of prevention and control, the whole population and key population strategy.

　　1. The whole crowd strategy. Children and adolescents are generally susceptible to myopia, so it is necessary to take the whole population strategy to prevent and control myopia, carry out health education on myopia prevention and control, increase outdoor activities during the day, reduce long-term use of eyes at close range, build a visually friendly environment and other public health intervention measures to do a good job of prevention and control at the first level of the whole population.

　　2. Key population strategy. According to the stages of myopia, corresponding intervention measures should be carried out to reduce the risk of rapid development of myopia. For those with normal vision and sufficient hyperopia reserve, prevent the hyperopia reserve from being consumed prematurely. The main goal of prevention and control of myopia is to slow down the occurrence of myopia. Low myopia should control the progress of myopia, while high myopia should prevent fundus lesions and reduce the risk of blindness.

　　(three) demonstration and guidance, strengthen the prevention and control and intervention process and effect evaluation.

　　1. Pilot first, demonstration leading. Construct a six-in-one comprehensive prevention and control strategy of government leadership, responsibility of competent departments, monitoring of professional health institutions, school leadership, family cooperation and students’ subjectivity. Disease control institutions at all levels rely on the monitoring of common diseases and health influencing factors of students and the appropriate technology pilot platform to implement the monitoring of myopia of children and adolescents, guide and coordinate relevant parties to implement effective comprehensive public health intervention measures, and take outdoor activities and sports activities as the main starting point to realize the prevention of multiple diseases.

　　2. Pay attention to process and effect evaluation. Disease control institutions at all levels should regularly carry out students’ vision monitoring, deeply analyze the monitoring data over the years, and report the main students’ health problems and suggestions found in the monitoring to the local government in time. Based on the practical research method, the transformation and application from theory to practice can promote the implementation and dissemination of intervention actions. Conduct process and effect evaluation, introduce the implementation research framework and theoretical model, such as the process and effect indicators of comprehensive public health intervention for myopia prevention and control and its collection method (Table 4), comprehensively evaluate the accessibility, effectiveness, applicability and sustainability of intervention actions from the individual level and organizational level, and systematically evaluate the implementation effect of comprehensive public health intervention for children and adolescents with myopia.

　　

　　On August 2, US Speaker of the House of Representatives Pelosi insisted on visiting Taiwan, China despite China’s strong opposition and solemn representations. The People’s Liberation Army of China countered with practical actions. Since August 2, it has launched a series of joint military operations around Taiwan Island. From 12: 00 on August 4 to 12: 00 on August 7, it conducted important military exercises in the designated sea areas and airspace, and organized live-fire shooting. Why is the area of the China People’s Liberation Army’s training exercise so demarcated? What are the characteristics of the training content and participating troops? What do you want to achieve through this training? Meng Xiangqing, a professor at National Defense University, analyzed and interpreted the related issues one by one.

　　• On August 2, US Speaker of the House of Representatives Pelosi insisted on visiting Taiwan, China despite China’s strong opposition and solemn representations. After the incident, People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC)’s spokesperson, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Taiwan Province Work Office, Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Foreign Affairs Committee and Ministry of National Defense’s spokespersons immediately issued statements, statements and talks, which were firmly opposed and severely condemned.

　　• Late at night on August 2nd, China Xie Feng, Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs was ordered to urgently summon U.S. Ambassador to China Burns to make solemn representations and strong protests to the U.S. side on behalf of the China administration over Speaker Pelosi’s visit to Taiwan, China.

　　• On the evening of August 2, the People’s Liberation Army of China announced that it would conduct important military exercises in the designated sea areas and airspace from 12: 00 on August 4 to 12: 00 on August 7, 2022, and organize live-fire shooting. Beginning on the evening of August 2, the Eastern Theater launched a series of joint military operations around Taiwan Island, and conducted joint air and sea exercises in the northern, southwest and southeast airspace of Taiwan Island.

　　• On August 3rd, the Eastern Theater was located in the northern, southwest and southeast sea and airspace of Taiwan Island, and organized a practical joint exercise with the participation of the theater navy, air force, rocket army, strategic support force, joint logistics support force and other forces, focusing on joint blockade control, sea assault, land attack, air combat and other subjects.

　　• On August 4th, the Eastern Theater organized troops to carry out an unprecedented practical training in the sea and airspace around Taiwan Island, and successfully carried out long-range firepower and conventional missile firepower live-fire shooting in the scheduled sea area, all of which hit the target accurately.

　　• On the afternoon of August 4th, Senior Colonel Shi Yi, spokesman of the Eastern Theater, said that the whole live-fire launching training task had been successfully completed, and the relevant air and sea control had been lifted.

　　What breakthroughs have our army made in the training activities around Taiwan Island this time?

　　Meng Xiangqing, a professor at National Defense University, said: The training activities around Taiwan Island are really different from the previous training activities aimed at "Taiwan independence" in the history of our army. There are three main features:

　　The first one is approaching Taiwan Island. This time, whether it is the six designated areas, the whole live-fire shooting, or our training activities, it is very close to Taiwan Island. This has never happened in the past. In the past, we were mainly along the mainland, but this time we directly zoned around Taiwan Island, and even zoned our target to the east of Taiwan Island. It should be said that such a plan has a great deterrent effect on "Taiwan independence".

　　The second is Heweitai Island. This is also unprecedented. We said that we had never approached Taiwan Island in the past, let alone encircled Taiwan Island. The six major areas we have delineated closely surround Taiwan Island, which can be jointly blocked and controlled, and can also strike at the "Taiwan independence" forces. Therefore, such an encircling Taiwan island is like a chain. If six areas connect it into a line, it is equivalent to trapping "Taiwan independence" in the island. So this is an unprecedented island in the history of our army.

　　The third is to deter the intervention of external forces. In fact, two areas to the north of this area are close to Okinawa, while the two areas to the south are guarding bashi channel, so bashi channel can be jointly blocked. What does this mean? Bashi channel is the only place to pass in and out of the South China Sea, which has a direct deterrent effect on external forces.

　　Why did you choose these six places on the map as the training areas?

　　Meng Xiangqing, a professor at National Defense University: Actually, it contains profound connotations. The first area is the southeast of Pingtan Island. This is the narrowest part of the Taiwan Province Strait, which actually completely breaks the so-called "central line of the Strait". The concept of "the central line of the strait" was drawn by Americans. We never recognized the so-called "central line of the strait", and there is no such "central line of the strait" in the eyes of the People’s Liberation Army. This time, I think it completely broke the so-called "strait center line." Pingtan Island in the east is the narrowest place from this strait, and two-thirds of the so-called "strait midline" is on the east side of the "strait". Therefore, the designation of this area this time has profound significance. Look at the two areas in the north, one is the northeast and the other is the north, just off the coast of Keelung Port in Taiwan Province. This means that a blockade can be imposed on Keelung Port. Look at this area in the east. This area is the east of Taiwan Island. In front of it are two important military bases of Taiwan Army, one is Hualien and the other is Taitung. Hualien has a Jiashan base, which is the underground hangar of Taiwan military. It is said that in order to avoid the first attack of the People’s Liberation Army, it can accommodate more than 400 planes, and it is also known as the so-called largest underground hangar in the Far East. The establishment of such an area in the east has an important direction.It is a direct attack on the two military bases of the Taiwan military. Look at these two districts in the south. One is the southeast of Kenting in Taiwan Province, which is guarding bashi channel. Bashi channel is the gateway to and from the South China Sea, so bashi channel can be blocked. Look at the last area, southwest of Taiwan Province, which happens to be a sea and airspace in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Province, and it has formed a trend of closing the door to "Taiwan independence". So connect the six areas into a line, just like a noose, and the knot of the noose is just in the southwest direction.

　　What changes have been made in this exercise compared with 1996?

　　Professor Meng Xiangqing of National Defense University:There are several changes. The first change is that the exercise in 1996 was also a deterrent to "Taiwan independence", mainly aimed at a series of "Taiwan independence" actions of Lee Teng-hui’s visit to the United States in 1995. That exercise was mainly on the coastal line near the mainland, and this time it was mainly near Taiwan Island. The second change is that the intensity and intensity are much higher than that. This exercise can be said to be the strongest, strongest and most deterrent in our previous exercises in the Taiwan Strait crisis. For example, our missiles fired directly across the island, which happened to cross the area where Patriot missiles in Taiwan Province were densely deployed. At the same time, it also achieved a precise strike under the nose of the American Aegis ship, forcing the American "Reagan" aircraft carrier to retreat for hundreds of kilometers. The third change is to organize a shocking exercise of aircraft carrier formation for the first time and build a three-dimensional combat platform at sea. When the aircraft carrier formation goes out, there should be nuclear submarines operating underwater. Although it is dominated by the eastern theater, other theaters are also involved. The subjects of the exercise include joint blockade, attack on the sea, assault on land, and air combat. Its actual combat background is very strong. Although this is a training exercise, it can be transformed from training to actual combat at any time.

　　On August 4th, the Eastern Theater Air Force and the Eastern Theater Naval Air Force dispatched hundreds of fighters, bombers and other multi-type fighters to take off in formation, and went to the airspace in the north, southwest and southeast of Taiwan Island to carry out joint reconnaissance, air assault, support cover and other tasks day and night. More than 10 escort ships continued to be deployed in the waters around Taiwan Island, carrying out joint sealing and control operations, sweeping the sea for the fire test area, and cooperating with neighboring forces to conduct reconnaissance and guidance.

　　At about 13: 00, the Army troops of the Eastern Theater launched a long-range fire live-fire shooting in the Taiwan Province Strait, which struck a specific area in the eastern part of the Taiwan Province Strait accurately and achieved the expected results. After receiving the combat mission in the morning, in the mission area of an artillery brigade of the Army in the Eastern Theater, a number of new long-range box rockets were maneuvered to the launching position according to orders. After arriving at the shooting area, the detachment quickly completed the preparations for live-fire shooting such as rocket loading and shooting data binding. As the commander gave the password, many shells rushed to the target sea area and hit the target accurately. After receiving the combat mission, the officers and men of a missile brigade of the Rocket Army in the Eastern Theater quickly completed the preparations for combat mobilization, and the troops were ordered to move to the scheduled combat area. After arriving at the predetermined area, the launching unit quickly hides and stands by to get ready for launch. After receiving the launch command, the trumpeter quickly started to operate, erect the missile and bind the parameters.

　　At about 15 o’clock, with the commander’s command, the missiles rose in turn and stabbed the sky. The Rocket Force of the Eastern Theater launched a multi-regional and multi-model conventional missile fire assault on the scheduled sea area off the eastern part of Taiwan Island, and all the missiles hit the target area. Later, Shi Yi, a spokesperson for the Eastern Theater, said that the entire live-fire launch training mission had been successfully completed, and the relevant air and sea control was lifted.

　　What are the characteristics of this long-range rocket launcher?

　　Professor Meng Xiangqing of National Defense University:The biggest hot spot this time is live ammunition. Live-fire shooting, one is the army’s long-range rocket launcher, and the other is the rocket army’s regular pilot test firing. Long-range rockets are different from ordinary rockets: the first one is long range. From tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers, it can cover the whole island of Taiwan Province. It was the shelling of Kinmen in 1958, and now it can cover the whole island. In fact, it also sent a clear signal to Taiwan independence that long-range rockets can cover the whole island, not to mention other weapons. The second is high accuracy. New army long-range rockets are generally equipped with guidance devices, which have high launch density and high launch accuracy. You can call whenever you want, and you can call wherever you want. The third is cost-effective. The ammunition of long-range rocket launcher is very different from precision guided and medium-and long-range missiles. General cruise missiles, tens of millions of RMB, and long-range rocket ammunition are much cheaper. That is to say, as long as we rely on the system support of our industrial and military departments, we can produce it quickly. This is the third feature of long-range rocket launchers. The fourth is very mobile. Long-range rocket launchers are all highly mobile vehicles to carry, which are highly mobile, stop when they say it, and fight when they say it, and its survival rate is relatively strong. I think this is the outstanding feature of the new long-range rocket launcher!

　　What are the characteristics of the conventional missiles launched this time?

　　Professor Meng Xiangqing of National Defense University:This time, our conventional missiles have also performed well. The media in Taiwan Province have blown up the pot, and they have reported that China’s medium-and long-range missiles and conventional missiles have flown over Taiwan Province Island. Even Taiwan Province’s defense department has come out to reassure the people, saying that everyone should not be nervous and panic, because their missiles are very high and will not pose a threat to the island, which also reflects the guilty conscience of Taiwan Province’s defense department. This time, the rocket army’s conventional missiles are very accurate. It has several characteristics: the first is precision strike; The second one has strong penetration ability, which can break through the anti-missile system; The third is that it has a strong viability. This time, we often guide a lot of mobile launches, and we can go after the fight.

　　What kind of development state can we see from this training operation?

　　Professor Meng Xiangqing of National Defense University:In the past ten years, the development and upgrading of our army’s weapons and equipment has been very fast. For example, the army’s equipment that everyone is concerned about is becoming more and more advanced, and large surface ships are emerging like Lower jiaozi. We often see the so-called Dongfeng Express, which means that our conventional Dongfeng series missiles and various types of series missiles are becoming more and more complete, which constitutes such a systematic capability.

　　What style did our officers and men show during this training activity?

　　Professor Meng Xiangqing of National Defense University:The strength of our army can be classified from two major aspects: one is the hard strength of our army, that is, the level of weapons and equipment and the information-based combat capability that everyone sees, which are all hard strength. One is the soft power of our army, such as the commanding ability and level of commanders, the spiritual outlook of officers and men, and our firm belief, determination and will. This is also a very important aspect. I think there is a saying that the artillery listens to my command and I listen to the party’s command, which reflects that the officers and men of our army have taken on a new look in the new era.

　　On August 3rd, when asked by reporters about Pelosi’s visit to Taiwan Province, UN Secretary-General Guterres affirmed his adherence to the one-China principle.

　　UN Secretary-General Guterres:Our position is very clear. We abide by the resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly and the one-China principle. Everything we do is guided by this principle.

　　The Cambodian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, which holds the rotating presidency of ASEAN, issued a statement saying that ASEAN member countries support the one-China principle and call for upholding the UN Charter and the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia.

　　On August 4th, Tan Kefei, spokesman of the Ministry of National Defense, made a speech on our series of military countermeasures. China’s army means what it says. The Eastern Theater of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army organized multi-service and multi-service joint targeted drills such as sea assault, land attack and air combat in the sea and airspace around Taiwan Island, and organized live-fire shooting with precision weapons, which was a solemn shock to the United States and Taiwan.

　　It is not only "Taiwan independence", not only the separatist forces on the island, but also the United States that will be shocked by this training exercise.

　　Professor Meng Xiangqing of National Defense University:Our exercise is indeed strongly targeted. From a historical perspective, the United States has been saying one thing and doing another for so many years. We often talk about the one-China policy, and we have repeatedly said that it has not changed until the Biden administration. Moreover, Biden made a promise and statement called "Four No’s and No Objections", that is to say, the one-China policy will not change, nor will opposing Taiwan Province’s "independence". But if we take a closer look, the United States is saying one thing and doing another. Say no change, in fact, we see that Pelosi, as the No.3 powerful figure in the United States, and the US Congress, as an important part of the US government, made a surprise visit to Taiwan Province, which seriously violated Three Joint Communiqués’s regulations and the one-China principle, seriously damaged Sino-US relations and relations between the two militaries, and also seriously shaken the political foundation for the development of relations between the two countries. In addition to Pelosi’s visit, after the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States in 1979, the United States immediately issued three joint communiques, and soon the US Congress passed the so-called Taiwan Relations Act, which itself runs counter to the spirit of the three joint communiques. Therefore, in the decades since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the United States has continuously sold weapons to Taiwan Province, and has sold them more than 100 times. We see that arms sales to Taiwan are high-end, continuous and normal. In addition, there are many others. For example, the United States keeps internationalizing the Taiwan Province issue in the international community and wants to include Taiwan Province as an observer member of the World Health Organization.But also a few countries and forces that support or encourage the international community to support such actions of Taiwan Province. For example, the establishment of the "Taiwan Representative Office" in Lithuania is supported and encouraged by the United States. All these show that as long as the United States does not change its style of saying one thing and doing another, and does not change its cold war mentality and hegemonic thinking, I think it is difficult to stabilize Sino-US relations.

　　At present, more than 100 countries in the world have expressed their support for China’s position and opposed the provocative behavior of the United States. Including the United Nations, what do you think of this universal response from the international community?

　　Meng Xiangqing, a professor at National Defense University: We say that the principle of one China has become the general consensus of the international community, and adhering to the policy of one China has also become the basic norm of international relations. As early as October 25, 1971, the United Nations adopted the famous resolution 2758. This resolution clearly states that the government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the sole legal government and Taiwan Province is an inalienable part of China. This has formed the basic norms of international relations, and we have established diplomatic relations with 181 countries. The most important political basis for these 181 countries to establish diplomatic relations is that they all recognize the one-China policy, so one China is also a world trend. The general trend of the world is vast, those who follow it will prosper, and those who go against it will die.

　　The one-China principle is the general consensus of the international community, and national reunification is also the general trend.

　　Professor Meng Xiangqing of National Defense University:You are right. In fact, it is not only the basic norm of international relations, but also the world trend. We say that the realization of national reunification is an irresistible trend, and no one or force can stop it, nor can we provide any opportunity for anyone or force to split China. This is our clear attitude. We talked about a series of countermeasures we have taken this time, especially the major military countermeasures, which not only showed our determination and will to resolutely defend the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country, but also showed that we in Chinese kept our word, and we kept our word and will do so in the future. However, our major policy of peaceful reunification and "one country, two systems" has not changed. We still have to adhere to such a major policy, because peaceful reunification and "one country, two systems" are most beneficial to the people on both sides of the strait and to the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation. As long as there is a glimmer of hope for peace, I think everyone should make 100% peace efforts. But on the other hand, we can’t allow any attempt to split China. Therefore, historical experience has repeatedly proved that only when you can fight can you make peace, and it is more necessary to prepare for peace. For a country and a nation, both peace and preparation should be hard. For an army, there is only one kind of military duty, that is, preparing for war. Therefore, we say that we did not, do not and will never promise to give up the use of force. Moreover, in order to achieve national reunification, we have made the greatest peaceful efforts.But we will never promise to give up using force to solve this problem, provided that Taiwan Province cannot be independent and external forces cannot interfere.

　　Reply to Proposal No.1001 of the Fourth Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference

　　Member Xu Jingkun:

　　Your proposal on spam message management has been received, and our reply is as follows:

　　For a long time, short message service has become an important means of communication because of its popularity, convenience and cheapness, and has played an important role in modern production and life. However, as you said, some units or individuals abuse SMS business for commercial marketing in violation of regulations, which affects the normal life order of the people and infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of telecom users. Your analysis of the difficulties and problems faced by the spam message management work, as well as the relevant measures and suggestions, our department agrees very much and has been carrying out related work.

　　First, the work carried out and the effectiveness of governance

　　(1) Continue to focus on rectification and improve the governance system. Since 2008, our department has organized and carried out special actions for spam message management for many times, and successively issued the Notice on the Work Plan for the Special Action for Spam Message Management, the Notice on Organizing the Special Action for the Clean-up and Rectification of Port-type SMS Group-sending Business, and the Work Plan for the Special Action for Deep Spam Message Management, etc., and gradually established and improved the spam message management system from the aspects of improving the policy system, strengthening administrative supervision, upgrading technical means, unblocking complaint channels, and increasing illegal disposal, and achieved phased results.

　　(two) improve the legal basis, clear legal responsibility. Our department attaches great importance to the construction of relevant legal system. First, the Regulations on the Management of Communication Short Message Service and the Regulations on the Protection of Personal Information of Telecommunications and Internet Users were issued to further standardize the behaviors and safeguard measures of commercial short message sending, and the collection and use of users’ personal information by telecommunications and Internet enterprises. The second is to promote the "Advertising Law" and "E-commerce Law" to stipulate the rules for the governance of junk electronic information, and provide a superior legal basis for various industries to regulate related behaviors. Third, it attaches great importance to the promulgation and implementation of the Civil Code, and has organized the whole industry to seriously study and consciously abide by the relevant provisions of the "Peace Right" for many times, and guided relevant enterprises to regard it as the basic operating principle.

　　(3) Strengthen supervision and law enforcement and compact the main responsibility. Based on the responsibility of industry management, our department grasps the key point of spam management, and continuously urges enterprises to implement the main responsibility through law enforcement accountability. First, insist on issuing the Bulletin on the Management of Spam Information every quarter, inform the whole industry of enterprises with outstanding spam complaints, implement problem list management, urge rectification, and promote a virtuous circle of the mechanism of "discovery, notification and disposal". The second is to comprehensively use the "double random and open" inspection, complaint reporting and other mechanisms to standardize the market order of SMS services. In 2020, a total of 483 enterprises (times) were notified, interviewed and punished, and credit punishment was implemented according to law. The third is to urge basic telecommunications enterprises to strengthen access management. In 2020, 6,861 illegal SMS ports such as "106" will be shut down, and 35 accountability assessments (times) such as informed criticism, KPI deduction and performance deduction will be implemented. Basic telecommunications enterprises will become the normal state of governance.

　　Second, the difficult problems of governance and targeted measures

　　Although the management of spam messages has achieved phased results, as you said, due to the complicated social causes of spam messages, it is difficult to manage them, and problems such as source management, resource management and law enforcement are still outstanding. In this regard, our department has also actively taken a series of targeted measures.

　　(1) Adhere to departmental linkage and promote source governance. In view of the cross-industry, multi-link and difficult traceability of commercial marketing short messages, our department actively promotes the establishment of a collaborative supervision and governance mechanism. First, use departmental linkage to strengthen source governance and enhance the awareness of joint management of all departments. Insist on informing all departments of the clues of spam complaints in the corresponding industries every quarter, and promote them to dispose of the source enterprises. In 2020, a total of 4 batches of 38,000 problem clues were handed over to the General Administration of Market Supervision, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security and other departments, and 61 enterprises with serious problems were seriously dealt with by various departments through special inspections, interviews and education. The second is to use public opinion supervision to promote self-discipline at the source and enhance the willingness of enterprises to abide by the law. Adhere to the quarterly release of the "inventory of spam complaints" to the society, expose industries and typical enterprises with serious spam problems, and give full play to the binding role of public opinion. In 2020, 64 enterprises (times) with serious spam messages such as retail sales promotion and loan financing were exposed.

　　(2) Focus on port specifications and control resource management. In view of the problems related to the access management of short message ports, our department has continuously standardized the resource management and supervised the basic telecommunications enterprises to ensure the communication resources. The first is to compact the responsibility of the basic telecommunications enterprises to access the main body. Organize it to comprehensively investigate the access of SMS ports, improve the ability of pre-audit and in-process prevention, prohibit providing access convenience for subletting ports, and increase the control of illegal sending behaviors in key areas such as commercial marketing. In 2020, there will be 40 short message port enterprises (times) with serious notification, interview and punishment problems and 62 basic telecommunications enterprises (times) providing access for them. The second is regular administrative guidance to promote industry self-discipline. Since the beginning of this year, a quarterly symposium system for spam control has been established, and a symposium on compliance management of port SMS services has been held on a special topic to clarify the requirements of port SMS specifications and guide relevant enterprises to consciously abide by the law.

　　(3) Comprehensive law enforcement supervision to enhance the effectiveness of accountability. In view of the problems of light administrative punishment and low effectiveness, our department comprehensively uses various means to give full play to the binding role of credit management, notification and assessment, and enhance the deterrent effect of supervision. First, make good use of credit management, incorporate the law enforcement results of spam message management into the list of bad business operations and dishonesty in telecommunications business according to law, and publicize it to the public, so as to realize "one place is illegal and limited everywhere" in the industry and strengthen the actual effect of comprehensive management. The second is to make good use of the notification assessment, urge the basic telecommunications enterprises to strengthen internal management, and strengthen the sense of corporate responsibility through accountability.

　　Iii. Answers to your suggestions

　　The measures and suggestions you put forward have important reference value for the follow-up spam control work. I will combine the actual research and adoption, continue to do a good job in spam management, and promote the fundamental solution to the problem of spam messages disturbing the people.

　　(1) Defining the responsibilities and obligations of basic telecommunications enterprises. Our department distinguishes the links of short message access, sending, production and publishing according to law, and defines the legal responsibilities of basic telecom enterprises, short message service providers (short message port enterprises) and short message content providers (merchants) accordingly. First, the basic telecommunications enterprises are responsible for the access of short message ports, and assume the responsibility for the control of access resources according to the principle of "whoever accesses". They must establish and improve relevant management systems and technical means before, during and after the event, provide access services according to laws and regulations, strengthen the management of communication resources, and prevent illegal use. Second, short message port enterprises are responsible for sending related short messages, and assume the responsibility of sending management and port use according to the principle of "whoever sends it". They must establish a short message sending management system and an early warning and monitoring mechanism, and prevent short message content providers from sending commercial short messages in violation of regulations through standardized management, technical means and contractual agreements. Third, short message content providers such as merchants are responsible for the production and release of related short messages, and assume the responsibility of content source management according to the principle of "whoever produces, publishes and is responsible", and should strictly abide by laws and regulations such as the Advertising Law, the Electronic Commerce Law and the Civil Code, as well as the management requirements of this industry.

　　(2) Penalties for sending spam messages on the online shopping platform. Online shopping platform should bear the main management responsibility for the problem of disturbing people by merchants’ marketing short messages. First, some platforms did not fully verify users’ wishes, and "default" registered users agreed to send a large number of marketing short messages directly, especially during the peak marketing periods such as "618" and "double 11", which aggravated the flood of spam messages. Second, some platforms abuse user information to accurately send marketing short messages due to problems such as imperfect rules for collecting and using user information and inadequate management implementation. In this regard, our department has always attached great importance to it. For example, on the eve of "6.18" this year, timely monitoring and early warning were held, and an administrative guidance meeting was held to require e-commerce platform enterprises to standardize the sending behavior of marketing short messages, which attracted the attention of mainstream media, gained wide support from the public, and promoted industry self-discipline. In the follow-up, our department will continue to make comprehensive policies, explore long-term management mechanisms, standardize market order, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of users.

　　(three) on improving the "Regulations" on the management of communication short message service fine limit. Since its release in 2015, the Regulations on the Management of Communication Short Message Service has played a positive role in regulating spam messages and promoting the healthy development of the market. However, with the great changes in the governance situation, it is necessary to improve the top-level design of the spam governance system, adjust and supplement relevant regulations, and further promote the governance work according to law. Accordingly, our department is revising the "Regulations on the Management of Communication Short Message Service". As a departmental regulation, the amount of the fine is mainly based on the provisions of the Administrative Punishment Law and other superior laws. If there is illegal income, the fine shall not exceed 3 times of the illegal income, but the maximum shall not exceed 30,000 yuan; If there is no illegal income, the fine shall not exceed 10 thousand yuan. If the state adjusts the fine limits stipulated in the Administrative Punishment Law and other superior laws, the Ministry will also adjust the fine limits of relevant regulations according to law.

　　To sum up, our department will continue to practice the people-centered development idea in combination with the new situation and new requirements, adhere to the normalized management of spam messages, and comprehensively use legal, administrative and technical means to establish and improve a long-term mechanism for spam messages, resolutely protect the peaceful life of the people and create a clear information and communication environment.

　　Thank you for your concern and support for the management of spam messages, and welcome to continue to put forward valuable opinions and suggestions on the work of our department.

　　Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

　　August 3, 2021