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　　From July 24th in Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party to the recent entrepreneurs’ forum held by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the multiple positive news about stimulating the real estate market frequently aroused social concern. Among them, topics such as how to ensure the delivery of housing pre-sale, when to reduce the interest rate of stock houses, and the adjustment of restrictive housing purchase policies in first-and second-tier cities have been hotly debated, and there are also many misunderstandings.

　　With all kinds of questions about these hot topics, the reporter from Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star recently had an exclusive conversation with Meng Xiaosu, the former chairman of China Housing Group and the former head of the national housing reform research group, who has the title of "the father of affordable housing in China", and made an in-depth interpretation of the top ten hot real estate topics.

　　"The relationship between supply and demand in China real estate market has undergone major changes"

　　On July 24th this year, the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held a meeting to analyze and study the current economic situation and plan economic work in the second half of this year. When talking about the real estate market, it was clearly stated at the meeting for the first time: to adapt to the new situation that the relationship between supply and demand in the real estate market in China has undergone major changes, adjust and optimize the real estate policy in a timely manner. Make good use of the policy toolbox because of the city’s policy, better meet the rigid and improved housing needs of residents, and promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market. At the macro level, what new features does China’s real estate market present? Facing the new development situation, how can we boost the confidence of the real estate market?

　　One question: "housing and not speculating" is no longer applicable to the present?

　　The positioning of "housing and not speculating" has not changed.

　　Q: How should we understand the current supply and demand situation of the real estate market?

　　A: The real estate market has indeed undergone major changes, but we can’t simply say that "the supply of real estate exceeds demand" because we all look at the market under the state of restricted purchase. It’s like counting traffic on a closed road and counting passengers in a closed shopping mall. How can it reflect the real supply and demand situation? In my opinion, to accurately judge the real relationship between supply and demand in the real estate market, we must wait until after "opening roadblocks" and "reopening shopping malls". Only by releasing the restrictive conditions can we judge the normal relationship between supply and demand.

　　Q: Compared with Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party on April 28th, there was no mention of "staying and not speculating" at the meeting on July 24th. Some people thought that this meant that "staying and not speculating" had changed?

　　A: The positioning of "housing and not speculating" has not changed. The central government emphasizes that "houses are for living, not for speculation", which not only emphasizes the residential property of houses, but also does not deny the wealth value property of real estate. What we should guard against is real estate speculation and curb real estate speculation. However, it should be pointed out that there have been some misunderstandings about "living in a house without speculation", and at least three wrong interpretations have been formed by over-exerting it — — First, it is interpreted as "the house is for living, not for ‘ Buy ’ ",restricting residents from buying houses; The second is interpreted as "the house is for living, not for ‘ Sell ’ ",restricting the development of enterprises to sell houses; Third, it is interpreted as "the house is for rent, not for sale", which violates the policy of "both rent and sale". I think we should return to the origin, adhere to the positioning of "houses are for living, not for speculation", and promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market.

　　Second question: Will the adjustment of purchase restriction and loan restriction be a trend in more cities?

　　Restrictive requirements shall be stipulated separately in the "Policy for the City"

　　Q: According to the statistics of the Central Finger Research Institute, in the first half of 2023, more than 100 places have introduced real estate control policies over 300 times. According to the current situation of the real estate market, there is a voice that "first-and second-tier cities should completely cancel the restrictions on purchases and loans"?

　　A: The current situation of the real estate market is mainly due to restrictions. In some places, "policy fallacy of composition" and "policy decomposition fallacy" are formed, resulting in insufficient market confidence, which is a comprehensive effect of mutual influence. "Restricted purchase" was implemented when the real estate was overheated, and now the situation in the property market has changed. According to the requirements of "city-specific policy", restrictive requirements can be stipulated separately in some cities and certain sections.

　　Three questions: When will the series of favorable policies be effective?

　　"Real estate policy adjustment usually has a lag period of 9 months"

　　Q: From lowering interest rates to lowering down payment to liberalizing purchase restrictions in some areas, how did the property market react after many favorable policies for real estate were frequently laid out?

　　A: The real estate policy is different from other economic policies, and it takes a long time. Experience tells us that the lag period of real estate policy is generally around 9 months.

　　Q: Is there still resistance to the recovery of the real estate market?

　　A: "The property market economy is a confidence economy". Now the requirements of the central government to adjust the real estate policy have not been put in place in some places. Many restrictive measures issued during the "overheating" period of real estate have not been adjusted, which is the biggest obstacle to the recovery of the real estate market. Although the financial sector has launched a number of preferential credit policies at present, they are all "non-core policies" in the property market policy and belong to auxiliary policies.

　　How to make people dare to buy a house and live in a down-to-earth manner?

　　"Promoting the stable and healthy development of the real estate market" has been mentioned by the central authorities many times. In recent years, property buyers also have a loud voice to resolve the risk of buying a house and cancel the pool area. How to make ordinary people dare to buy a house and live in a down-to-earth manner is also an important part of boosting confidence in buying a house.

　　Four questions: Should the pool area of commercial housing be abolished?

　　"It’s useless to cancel the pool."

　　Q: In recent years, there has been a loud voice from the people to cancel the pool of commercial housing. In July this year, Hefei, Anhui Province also said that it would "explore the pricing of commercial housing sales according to the interior area". In your opinion, should the market cancel pooling?

　　A: I have always been indifferent to the idea of canceling the pool. What really benefits the people is to improve the dual-track housing system and provide affordable housing for low-income families. The pool area is the difference between the building area and the usable area, including outdoor corridors, public stairs, public halls, elevators, etc., which are all parts of the house. Cancelling the pool is just to change the building area before the pool into the usable area after the pool, and change the pool from "dominant existence" to "invisible existence". It is impossible to cancel it, but the algorithm is different.

　　Q: Can exploring pricing by interior area be implemented in multiple cities?

　　A: What people want is to cancel the pool area. But the pool area can’t be without, and houses can’t exist alone. The cancellation of the pool will not reduce the total house price, and the spread price should be included in the remaining usable area. Property buyers may not get any benefits, but the room area is much smaller and the unit house price has increased a lot. Personally, I think it’s useless to cancel the pool. Just mark the pool area clearly. It’s a common practice in China to measure the construction area, and all statistical data are based on the construction area. Of course, the pool area involves building codes and cannot be changed at will, and the design and construction should be more reasonable.

　　Five questions: Should the pre-sale system of commercial housing be stopped?

　　"House prices may rise, and the development capacity of housing enterprises will decrease"

　　Q: In order to prevent the uncompleted development of real estate, there is a great call from the public to cancel the pre-sale system of commercial housing. Many areas have also begun to pilot the existing home sales system. In your opinion, should the pre-sale system of commercial housing be cancelled?

　　A: The "pre-sale system" is an effective practice formed by drawing lessons from overseas experience in the process of commercial housing development in China. Through the early intervention of house buyers, the problem of project construction funds can be solved, and at the same time, house buyers can buy houses in advance at preferential prices. It is possible to carry out the "existing home sales" pilot on some projects, but the house price will definitely be higher than the pre-sale.

　　In my opinion, it is not feasible to "completely cancel the pre-sale system", which means that development enterprises have to bear more capital costs and risk costs, and these costs have to be borne by buyers through sales, and house prices will rise and development risks will increase. For housing enterprises with less abundant self-owned funds, if there is no pre-sale system, it will be difficult to turn over funds. Both "existing home sales" and "pre-sale system" should be allowed.

　　Q: For consumers who buy faster houses, what aspects of system construction need to be improved to reduce the risk of buying houses?

　　A: There is not much problem with the pre-sale system itself. The problem lies in the management and use of the pre-sale housing funds. There are unfinished buildings in the pre-sale houses, which are all problems with supervision. At present, the pre-sale of houses is supervised by a third-party organization, but some supervision is weak, and the housing enterprises have moved the pre-sale to other places; Others are too dead, so that the project construction does not use the advance payment. Both tendencies will make it difficult to "guarantee the delivery of the building" I think a more reasonable way is for the group of property buyers to conduct second-party supervision. Property buyers have a direct interest in the timely delivery of houses, which can avoid illegal misappropriation of funds by real estate enterprises.

　　Six questions: Will reducing the down payment ratio lead to financial risks?

　　"It is reasonable to make a down payment of around 20%"

　　Q: Ni Hong, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, stressed at the enterprise symposium held at the end of July that policies and measures such as reducing the down payment ratio and loan interest rate for purchasing the first home should be further implemented. If the total house price remains unchanged, will lowering the down payment ratio lead to financial risks?

　　A: When the housing mortgage loan was designed in that year, the down payment ratio matched the bank risk. However, in the later real estate regulation and control, mortgage loan, a financial lever convenient for ordinary families to buy houses, became a means to regulate the purchasing power of the property market, which deviated from the origin of this loan to some extent. The normal proportion of down payment for housing mortgage loan is 20%. The down payment ratio should follow the principle of matching with the bank risk. If the down payment is too low, the bank risk will increase. However, if the down payment is set too high, it will increase the pressure on residents and make it difficult to help ordinary families buy houses.

　　How to protect the housing rights and interests of people who have bought houses and low-income groups?

　　To promote the stability and health of the real estate market, it is necessary to boost the confidence of new home buyers. The adjustment of the interest rate of existing houses and the housing rights and interests of low-income groups have also attracted much attention.

　　Question 7: When and how much will the interest rate of the stock house be lowered?

　　"It should be adjusted to the current level required by the central bank"

　　Q: On July 14th, Zou Lan, director of the Monetary Policy Department of the Central Bank, said that he supported and encouraged commercial banks to negotiate with borrowers to change their contractual agreements independently, or to issue new loans to replace existing loans. On August 1, the central bank made another statement at the working meeting in the second half of 2023: guiding commercial banks to adjust the interest rate of existing individual housing loans in an orderly manner according to law. Should the central bank issue a mandatory document to reduce the interest rate of stock houses?

　　A: According to the central bank’s policy, there are only two ways to lower the interest rate of the stock house, either the two parties directly modify the contract or reissue the loan to replace the original loan. In fact, the essence of these two practices is the same. It is the simplest to modify the contract directly, and there is no problem of violating the contract. In the past, the adjustment of the interest rate of stock loan banks was synchronized in accordance with the provisions of the central bank. It is enough for the central bank to encourage and support commercial banks to reduce interest rates on existing mortgages, and banks will have to accept market-oriented choices in the future.

　　Q: If the interest rate of stock houses is lowered, how much is appropriate?

　　A: I personally think that the interest rate should be lowered according to the current regulations. No matter what the loan interest rate was in the past, it should be lowered to be consistent with the interest rate stipulated by the central bank.

　　Eight questions: Why is the new round of urban village reconstruction concentrated in mega-cities

　　"The population gathering and the shortage of affordable housing are more prominent."

　　Q: In the past three months, the transformation of villages in cities has been mentioned by the central authorities many times. Why is the new round of reconstruction of villages in cities concentrated in mega-cities and mega-cities?

　　A: The transformation of villages in cities is actually a special business in the transformation of old cities. The reason why we should concentrate on mega-cities is because there is a general shortage of houses in those cities, especially the demand for affordable housing is in short supply. For example, in Shenzhen, many migrant workers rent in low-cost villages in the city, and the government is trying to increase the construction of affordable housing, but the relationship between supply and demand is still tense. In third-and fourth-tier cities, this contradiction between supply and demand is not so obvious.

　　Q: Will this round of urban village reconstruction boost housing prices? Will it give birth to "get rich overnight"?

　　A: There is no need to confuse the real intention of shed reform and urban village reform. These two policies are not necessarily related to pushing up housing prices. The change of the real estate market is not a linear transmission, and it will not directly promote the rise of housing prices because of shed reform and village-in-city transformation.

　　The vast majority of people who still live in villages in cities are farmers with poor economic conditions. The valuable land was originally owned by the villagers, but it was the transformation of the village in the city that released the wealth value. The so-called "phenomenon of getting rich" is extremely individual, and most of them just improve their living conditions. Improving farmers’ living standards and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas are the goals we should pursue.

　　How to draw the blueprint of "Home Ownership"?

　　So far, many cities have gradually relaxed all kinds of purchase restriction measures, but many first-and second-tier cities have not adjusted their purchase restriction and loan restriction policies. How to let buyers get the "admission ticket" to enter the property market and how to ensure the realization of the blueprint of "home ownership" are also problems that need to be solved to maintain the stability of the real estate market.

　　Nine questions: Why has "recognizing the house but not the loan" not yet landed in more cities?

　　"Some urban mortgages ‘ Recognizing the house and the loan ’ Unreasonable "

　　Q: Following the statement made by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development that individual housing loans are "housing but not loans", Zhengzhou issued a relevant notice on August 3, proposing 15 measures to stabilize the real estate market, and said that it would implement the policy of "housing but not loans" and suspend the implementation of the sales restriction policy. However, more first-and second-tier cities outside Zhengzhou have not yet implemented policies. Do you think there is resistance?

　　A: The competent authorities have sent a positive signal that there is no resistance from higher authorities for all localities, and the reason why the policy has not yet been implemented is mainly because the idea of restricting real estate development in the past is deeply rooted, and now the relaxation is afraid that the achievements of past restrictions will be "wasted." In fact, adjustment does not mean that the past policy was wrong, but it needs to be adjusted and optimized according to the new situation. It is unreasonable for some first-tier cities to "recognize housing and loan" and need to be adjusted.

　　Question 10: How to draw the blueprint of "Home Ownership Scheme"?

　　"Local governments play a leading role, and state-owned enterprises and central enterprises play a main role."

　　Q: China started the reform of urban housing system 25 years ago, but today, the central government still emphasizes the construction of affordable housing. What is the problem?

　　A: The design made by our housing reform research group 25 years ago is: "the market supplies commercial housing and the government provides low-rent housing", and it is proposed that affordable housing should cover 50% of urban families in China. From 2000 to 2007, the investment in the development of affordable housing in China only accounted for 3%-5% of the housing investment, which was obviously too little. Since 2011, China has promoted the transformation of shanty towns and provided 30 million sets of affordable housing. However, in terms of the total amount, the construction of affordable housing in China is insufficient, especially in big cities, where the contradiction between supply and demand is prominent.

　　Q: How can we better achieve the goal of "home ownership"?

　　A: I suggest that local governments play a leading role in the construction of affordable housing, and state-owned enterprises and central enterprises play a main role. First of all, the land for the construction of affordable housing cannot be charged with land transfer fees, and only basic taxes and fees can be charged. At the same time, state-owned enterprises and central enterprises should withdraw from the competitive real estate field and return to the construction of affordable housing. People can’t just focus on commercial housing when solving housing problems, and low-income groups can enjoy affordable housing. Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Yang Yuqi

　　China Daily Online, January 5 According to a recent report by the China Journal, the hope that China’s economy can recover strongly and continue to be the engine of the world economy is rising when the world is facing multiple challenges. Economists have warned that a potential global economic recession is approaching due to the tightening of the financial environment and the suppression of demand, geopolitical tensions continue. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) said that "the worst is yet to come" and predicted that global economic growth will further weaken in 2023. However, after the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention and control measures in China, its economy will recover strongly and play a significant role in boosting global economic stability and growth.

　　On January 1, 2023, people took pictures in front of the Drum Tower in Beijing. (Source: China Daily)

　　Epidemic prevention policy, optimization of economic activity growth and boosting the world economy

　　After the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention policies in China, production and life in many cities such as Beijing have gradually returned to normal, and economic vitality has recovered. According to Xinhua News Agency, the number of subway passengers in Beijing, Chengdu and Wuhan increased by 40% one week before New Year’s Day & mdash; 100%, the degree of traffic congestion increased by about 150%— 240%, indicating that residents in these areas are returning to work, shopping and restaurants.

　　On December 30, customers were buying new year goods in the new year market area where the Beijing New Year Festival was launched. (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

　　According to the data of Wind Info information, a market tracking agency, 6,316 domestic flights took off on December 26th, almost twice as much as a month ago, while the box office revenue of national movies rose from 14.47 million yuan a month ago to 106.17 million yuan the day before.

　　Image source: vision china

　　On New Year’s Day holiday, the daily average number of passengers sent by national railways increased by 109% compared with last November. Domestic tourism revenue was 26.517 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.0%; On the first day of the new year, the number of operating cinemas nationwide hit a new high in the past 10 months; On the first day of "2023 National Online New Year Festival", the national online retail sales reached 45.2 billion yuan, 6.5% higher than the first day of last year’s New Year Festival. In the first holiday after the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention and control policies, one of the most important "Troika" to boost China’s economy — — Consumption is picking up, sending a positive signal that China’s economy is improving.

　　On December 23, 2022, Beijing, the Second Ring Road was busy in the morning. (Source: Oriental IC)

　　The positive signals released by the growth of economic activities have convinced more and more international investment banks and asset management companies that China’s economy will rebound sharply.

　　Singapore’s Lianhe Zaobao quoted economists as saying that it is increasingly likely that China’s economy will rebound faster and stronger in 2023. Bloomberg reported that although the economic and social activity is much lower than that before the epidemic, the rapid rebound of vitality in Beijing and other cities shows that once the epidemic is over, China’s economy can recover faster than expected.

　　The Financial Times quoted analysts from Citibank as predicting that the total retail sales of social consumer goods in China will increase by 11% to 50 trillion yuan in 2023, and most major cities will pass the epidemic peak before mid-January. According to the report, investors and analysts predict that "the coming year will be brighter". The Reuters report quoted Zhou Hao, chief economist of Guotai Junan International, as saying: "Generally speaking, we believe that the worst period of China’s economy has passed, and a strong economic recovery is ahead."

　　Kristina Hooper, chief global market strategist of Jing Shun Investment, a global investment management company, said that the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention policies and measures to stabilize the real estate industry "will help promote China to become a key growth engine in 2023".

　　Experts say that many factors will promote China’s economic recovery in the coming year. The world’s second largest economy may recover through a stable and turbulent global economy, or it will become a more important driving force for the world economy.

　　On December 24, 2022, citizens were shopping and relaxing at Jianghan Road Pedestrian Street in Wuhan. Recently, the popularity of various business districts and pedestrian streets in Wuhan has obviously rebounded. (Source: Oriental IC)

　　According to a report by Goldman Sachs, the potential rebound of consumer spending in China may accelerate the import of goods and services and help boost the GDP of economies such as Singapore and Australia, while Thailand and Viet Nam may be the biggest beneficiaries of the international tourism recovery of China tourists.

　　With the orderly recovery of China citizens’ outbound tourism, countries and regions that rely on tourism have begun to look forward to the stimulating effect of China tourists on the local economy.

　　The institutional advantages are obvious, and macro-control is powerful.

　　China Daily quoted Zhang Bin, deputy director of the Institute of World Economics, Politics and Metallurgy of China Academy of Social Sciences, as saying that financial and monetary support should be strengthened this year to ensure the steady expansion of domestic demand.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference held in mid-December, 2022 proposed that under the pressure of "demand contraction, supply shock and expected weakening", domestic demand should be expanded by expanding consumption to promote economic growth. The meeting stressed that it is necessary to strengthen the overall coordination between epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and strive to optimize epidemic prevention and control. The Central Economic Work Conference regards "focusing on expanding domestic demand" as the key task in 2023, and puts forward that restoring and expanding consumption should be given priority.

　　Focusing on expanding domestic demand, the Central Economic Work Conference proposed to enhance consumption capacity, improve consumption conditions and innovate consumption scenarios. Increase the income of urban and rural residents through multiple channels, and support consumption such as housing improvement, new energy vehicles, and old-age services. The meeting proposed that the proactive fiscal policy in 2023 should be strengthened to improve efficiency and play a more direct and effective role in proactive fiscal policy. A prudent monetary policy should be targeted and effective, and maintain a reasonable and sufficient liquidity.

　　Yin Yanlin, deputy director of the Office of the Central Committee of Finance and Economics, said on December 24 that the change of epidemic prevention will first have a major positive impact on economic recovery. The epidemic situation is a key variable affecting the economic operation at present, and China’s economy has survived the most difficult moment. With the implementation of the policy of optimizing and adjusting epidemic prevention and control, people and logistics will be smoother, and all areas of economic and social life are expected to accelerate recovery, and economic vitality will be effectively released.

　　On January 1, 2023, people ate in a restaurant in Beijing. (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

　　In its latest China Economic Update, the World Bank said that consumer confidence is expected to improve as pent-up consumer demand is released after the first quarter.

　　Bank of China — — Liu Guoqiang, deputy governor of the People’s Bank of China, said that the strength of monetary policy should not be less than last year. "If necessary, further efforts will be made unless economic growth and inflation exceed expectations." Regarding the monetary policy requirements put forward by the Central Economic Work Conference, Liu Guoqiang summarized it as "the total amount should be sufficient and the structure should be accurate".

　　Hu Yifan, investment director and macroeconomic director of UBS Wealth Management Asia Pacific, said that the company predicted that offline consumption would increase as economic activities returned to normal. The year-on-year growth of retail sales in China may rebound from about 1% last year to at least 5% this year. Hu Yifan said that the rebound in consumption may contribute to more than half of the national economic growth this year, and the year-on-year growth may rise from 3% last year to about 5%. At the same time, investment growth will remain strong this year due to the narrowing of the decline in infrastructure construction supported by high-speed rail projects, manufacturing investment promoted by high-tech industries and real estate development investment. In the case of weak global demand, the recovery of domestic demand may help offset the downward pressure on the economy caused by the slowdown in exports.

　　Data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) show that from January to November last year, China’s exports increased by 11.9% year-on-year, reaching 21.83 trillion yuan, but the monthly growth rate dropped to 0.9% in November, which indicates that with the slowdown of global economic growth, exports are facing downside risks.

　　Experts said that this situation highlights the importance of increasing policy support to ensure a strong rebound in domestic demand, especially when consumption recovery still faces obstacles such as rising unemployment.

　　At present, all localities are actively seizing time to promote the recovery of economic vitality and lay the foundation for a good start for the economy in 2023. China’s economy has strong resilience, great potential and full vitality, and the fundamentals of long-term economic improvement have not changed. Confidence is gold. It is believed that with the introduction and implementation of more new policies and measures, China’s economic operation is expected to rebound overall, and the foundation for economic recovery and development will be strengthened, so as to make a good start for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way with high-quality development and new achievements.

　　(Compile: Yip Wong Editor: Han He)

[Original of Truck House] At every high-speed intersection, we can always see a green passage for transporting fresh agricultural products vehicles. The green transportation passage, which was originally intended to improve traffic efficiency, often causes card friends to vomit, and it is not possible to reduce tolls with a little carelessness. A few days ago, we followed Kayou to transport cabbage from Hebei to Guangzhou. In this short 2000 kilometers, we had a deeper understanding of the high-speed green passage, and it was a lot of trouble to have irregular documents.

● The four certificates of Green Pass inspection must be complete.

I believe that most people will jump out of these keywords in an instant, such as time is short, people are too tired, cars are pressed and freight charges are deducted. In fact, regardless of these factors, it is not a simple matter to pass the toll station in the green transportation. The green passage is more like a "checkpoint". Here, let’s briefly introduce the inspection process of Lutong, and card friends who have just contacted Lutong can also learn about it.

1, into the green channel, the first step is naturally weighing, weighing. At this stage, most areas have issued corresponding regulations, where "transporting fresh agricultural products""Vehicles with overload will not be able to enjoy the preferential policy of toll reduction and exemption.

2. Check the documents. At present, the high-speed toll stations headed by Hunan and Guangdong need to check four certificates when passing the inspection. That is, driver’s license, driving license, road transport qualification certificate and road transport operation certificate. Where the documents are not uniform, you will not be able to enjoy the corresponding preferential policies such as toll reduction. It is recommended that all card friends prepare their certificates to avoid unnecessary trouble.

3. Take photos. The toll booth staff will take detailed photos of license plates, vehicle boxes, goods, photos and goods and report them, and judge whether the goods loaded by vehicles are "fresh agricultural products" on the spot.

4. Release. Vehicles that are judged as being transported by Lvtong can be released directly. If vehicles that do not meet the catalogue of fresh agricultural products and mixed vehicles are found, they will not be able to enjoy the preferential policy of toll reduction.

The principle of green channel inspection of goods is intended to be accurate and rapid, but in fact, the passage efficiency is not high.It is roughly 3-4 times the time of normal traffic vehicles.Moreover, the documents must be available. When we actually passed the toll station on the way from Hebei to Guangzhou, fortunately, another old driver carried his qualification certificate with him, otherwise the toll would be a big expense.

So, in what circumstances can’t you enjoy the toll reduction policy of Green Link?

1. Failing to meet the standards defined by "legal loading of complete vehicles";

Two, the "four certificates" carried by the driver of the cargo transport vehicle (Driver’s license,Driving license, road transport license, road transport practitioners qualification certificate), which is incomplete or illegal after inspection;

Three, overloading, no card, refused to pass the designated lane, refused to accept the inspection management of vehicles.

In addition, most high-speed management departments in Sichuan have issued corresponding announcements one after another. If the overall dimensions and total weight of trucks driving on the expressway do not exceed the following standards, they will be regarded as "normally loaded vehicles" and enjoy the preferential policy of vehicle toll restriction. Vehicles that exceed the vehicle load will not be allowed to enter the expressway or enjoy the preferential policy of toll reduction. Link: There is no discount for the implementation of high-speed overload on the 4.2-meter light truck in Sichuan.

I suggest that all card friends, no matter what industry they are engaged in, must prepare all procedures and certificates for inspection by the traffic control department. Especially novices who have just entered the road transport industry, do their homework in advance to avoid unnecessary troubles. (Text/Tu Zusheng)

　　Overseas Network May 15th According to the Associated Press, the Israeli military said on Tuesday (15th) local time that in response to the large-scale protests by Palestinians at the border between Gaza and Israel, Israeli warplanes launched air strikes on the military camp in Hamas (Islamic Resistance Movement, Palestine), attacking 11 military targets. In addition, the Israeli army also dispatched tanks to attack two Hamas strongholds in Gaza.

　　According to reports, according to the Israeli military, Palestinian protesters used 10 explosive devices and incendiary bombs against the Israeli army and opened fire on Israeli soldiers at the border. According to Israel, many protesters tried to cross the border into Israel, but there was no gap in the border fence.

　　According to reports, on 14th local time, the opening ceremony of the US Embassy in Israel was held. On that day, a large-scale protest broke out between the Palestinian people and Israel in the Gaza Strip, and there was a clash with the Israeli army. A total of 58 Palestinians were killed and more than 2,700 others were injured. The Palestinian side will bury 58 victims on Tuesday (15th local time).

　　Health officials in the Gaza reported that the number of Palestinian victims rose to 58 during the protest on the 14th, among which 57 were killed by the Israeli military and one baby died of inhaling tear gas.

　　Khaled Batch, the organizer of the Palestinian protest, said that the 15th would be the funeral day, and there was no plan for the parade. It is reported that May 15th was called "Disaster Day" by Palestinians. On May 15th, 1948, the first Middle East war broke out between Arab countries and Israel, and nearly one million Palestinians were displaced and became refugees. Later, the Palestinians designated this day as a national "disaster day".

　　In response to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, China Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Lu Kang said at a regular press conference on 15th that China was seriously concerned about the large number of casualties caused by violent clashes in Gaza’s border areas, opposed violence against civilians, and called on both sides, especially Israel, to exercise restraint and avoid further tension escalation.

　　Lu Kang said that the issue of Jerusalem’s status and ownership is highly complex and sensitive, and it is one of the core issues in the Palestinian-Israeli dispute, involving national and religious feelings. China has always believed that the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks should be resumed as soon as possible in accordance with relevant United Nations resolutions, and the final status of Jerusalem should be resolved through dialogue.

　　Lu Kang emphasized that China has always firmly supported the just cause of the Palestinian people to restore their legitimate national rights, and supported the establishment of an independent Palestinian state with complete sovereignty based on the 1967 borders and East Jerusalem as its capital through Palestinian-Israeli negotiations on the basis of the "two-state plan". China is willing to work with relevant parties in the international community to make efforts to promote the final and proper settlement of the Palestinian issue. (Compile/Overseas Network Jiang Shu Translation)

On December 10th, local time, the southern and central parts of the United States were hit by storms, and tornadoes swept through six states, resulting in more than 100 deaths, flattened houses and a mess all over broken walls. Climate scientists say that people need to be prepared for more frequent and severe weather disasters.

Kentucky after a tornado

The whole house was uprooted and the town was razed to the ground.

According to Washington post, from Friday night to Saturday morning, local time, tornadoes traveled 250 miles in northeastern Arkansas, southeastern Missouri, northwestern Tennessee and western Kentucky, causing damage along the way, tearing everything apart for more than three hours and then throwing it into the sky. Sometimes, the debris of objects was thrown 9 kilometers high.

The worst-hit town was mayfield, Kentucky, where a tornado uprooted the whole house. After the storm, the whole town was razed to the ground.

Andy Bacher, governor of Kentucky, said that according to the latest report, 70 people have been killed in the state.

According to other media reports, this tornado is not a single one or a few, but more than 30 huge tornado disasters. Up to now, the number of deaths caused by this disaster has exceeded 100.

The scale of this tornado can enter the top ten in American history

This tornado disaster has a large scale (more than 30 times), a wide span (sweeping through six states) and many deaths (more than 100 people at present). According to the analysis of climate experts, it can be among the top ten tornadoes recorded in the United States.

According to the records of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the 10 deadliest tornadoes in the United States since 1900 are as follows (in descending order of death toll):

1. 695 people died. March 18th, 1925, Missouri, Illinois and Indiana.

2. 216 people died. April 5, 1936, Tupelo, Mississippi.

3. 203 people died. Gainesville, Georgia, April 6, 1936.

4.181 people died. April 9, 1947, Woodward, Oklahoma.

5.158 people died. May 22, 2011, Joplin, Missouri.

6.143 people died. April 24th, 1908, amit, Louisiana and Purves, Mississippi.

7.116 people died. Flint, Michigan, June 8, 1953.

8.114 people died. May 11th, 1953, Waco, Texas.

9.114 people died. May 18th, 1902, Goliath, Texas.

10.103 people died. March 23, 1913, Omaha, Nebraska.

Why do tornadoes frequently occur in the United States?

Why do tornadoes happen so frequently in the United States?

Li Xiaoquan, chief meteorologist of China Weather Network, said: "The United States is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the west and the Gulf of Mexico in the south, and the water vapor conditions are very good. When water vapor condenses, a large amount of latent heat of condensation is released, and cumulonimbus clouds are easy to generate and grow; Canada is the north of the United States, which is the birthplace of cold air. The terrain of the United States is transparent from north to south, lacking the barrier of east-west mountains, and hot and cold air can drive straight in. When cold and warm air meet, it is easy to produce strong convective weather such as thunderstorm, strong wind and tornado. Every spring is the frequent season of tornadoes in the United States, because the cold and warm air are evenly matched at this time, and it is easy to cause tornadoes when colliding. "

The United States is a veritable "Tornado Kingdom", with an average of 1,141 tornadoes recorded from 2000 to 2020, and the trend is increasing slightly every year. Comparatively speaking, during the 30 years from 1991 to 2020, there were only 38 tornadoes per year in China.

From 2008 to 2020, the average number of deaths in the United States due to tornadoes was 87 per year. Since the 1950s, there has been an EF5 tornado in the United States every year on average. Can destroy houses and blow up cars).

On May 3, 1999, Oklahoma and Kansas were swept by 66 tornadoes in one day, and the direct economic loss exceeded $1.2 billion. Historically, the number of tornadoes in the United States is 1884, and the number of tornadoes is 944.

Relatively speaking, the number and scale of tornadoes in winter in the United States are relatively small. Since records began, the deadliest one in December was December 5, 1953, in Vicksburg, Mississippi, which killed 38 people. The scale of this tornado easily broke this record.

Global warming may be the culprit.

After the tornado disaster that ravaged the United States this weekend, scientists from the National Weather Service warned that although the exact connection between climate change and tornadoes is still uncertain, higher temperatures may aggravate such violent disasters as tornadoes.

Victor Kingsney, a professor of meteorology at Northern Illinois University, said: "When people see such a disaster today, they will ask, Is this the new normal? It will take us some time to determine what role climate change plays in such an event. But in a warming world, we can say that it is easier to produce tornadoes. "

However, other climate and weather experts point out that tornadoes are one of the most difficult events associated with global warming, in part because tornadoes are relatively few and have a short duration.

Harold Brooks, a senior research scientist at the Severe Storm Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States, said that in recent decades, tornado activities in the United States have become "more changeable", and the number of days when tornadoes are seen has decreased each year, but the number of tornadoes has increased these days, which means that they have become more concentrated in a short period of time.

Although the relationship between tornadoes and global warming cannot be confirmed for the time being, Professor Kingsney pointed out that the continuous warming of the earth is making a series of extreme weather disasters more serious, including longer bad weather seasons and large-scale natural disasters that are not common in history.

This is consistent with the findings released by the United Nations Panel on Climate Change this summer. The survey found that weather-related disasters are becoming more and more extreme and affecting every part of the world as humans continue to emit gases into the atmosphere that cause global warming.

Although the report does not draw a conclusion on the relationship between tornadoes and climate change, it points out that the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation in the United States are increasing.

"The population is growing, the cities are getting bigger and bigger, and we are producing more and more things," Kingsney said. "I am sure that with the continuous expansion of our human footprint, there will be more disasters."

Original title: The scale of tornadoes in the United States can enter the top ten in history, sweeping through six States, razing towns and killing over 100 people.

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　　Most of Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, southern Anhui, southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Guangxi in southern China are mainly subtropical monsoon climate zones, with relatively warm winters, but there have been extremely cold periods in history and even suffered from heavy snow and freezing disasters. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were a cold period in the history of China, and the disaster of heavy snow and freezing in the southern region was very serious.

　　First, since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, heavy snow and freezing disasters in South China

　　The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau was very cold from the middle of the seventeenth century to the beginning of the eighteenth century. In the ninth year of Shunzhi, the heavy snow in Guizhou lasted for 40 days. In the fifty-first year of Kangxi, Luoping County was frozen with the moon as big as a column. The cold period from the middle of 18th century to the end of 19th century in Sichuan and Chongqing was not only cold, but also lasted for a long time. During the Ganjia period, there was often heavy snow in Sichuan basin in winter, and the phenomenon of excess snow was very common. For example, in the forty-eight years of Qianlong, heavy snow fell in Sichuan Province, with a thickness of two feet in many places. In the fourteenth year of Jiaqing, there were three heavy snows, the temperature was low, the indoor cups and plates were often frozen, and the ice in the water bowl was three inches thick. The low temperature disaster during Guangxu period was even more obvious. For example, in the seventeenth year of Guangxu, the heavy snow in Shifang County condensed into ice strips and ice cubes, which were extremely hard. The oil tanks and vegetables in the house were as cold as glue paint seals, and they could only be opened when they were used by fire. In the winter of the eighteenth year of Guangxu, there was a severe cold in Shuangliu County, and the ice was more than a foot thick. It snowed heavily for several days in Nanchuan county, followed by freezing for more than ten days. In the winter of the 19th year of Guangxu, the river in Wanyuan County was frozen, making it possible to walk on it. According to relevant historical records, such as "the ice is more than a foot thick", "the ice is hard for several days", "the river ice can cross" and "the ice is several feet thick", it can be seen that the climate in Sichuan Basin and surrounding mountainous areas was obviously colder than now.

　　Hubei area is more obviously affected by the cold air in the north due to location factors, and it is prone to freezing disasters. For example, in the ten years of Shunzhi, Hanyang County suffered from severe cold, and the lakes were frozen and could walk. Twenty-nine years of Kangxi, bamboo? The snow in the county is five or six feet deep, and the river is frozen into a beam. In the winter of the 30th year of Kangxi, it was very cold in Fangxian County, the river froze, and many people and animals froze to death. In the winter of Daoguang twenty-one years, the snow in Xianning County was several feet flat and the ice was as hard as stone. In the winter of the eleventh year of Xianfeng, the snow in Daye County was five feet deep, and the lake ice was thick enough for people to pass. The snow in Pu Yin County is five or six feet deep, and lakes and rivers are all frozen. The snow in Xianning County is four or five feet deep, and many pedestrians are frozen to death. In the first month of the fourth year of Tongzhi, there was heavy snow in Yunyang and the Hanshui River froze. In the winter of Guangxu three years, Xiangyang River was frozen, and ice was everywhere. The river ice in Yicheng county is several inches thick, and the ferryman walks on the ice. In thirteen years, the snow accumulated six feet deep, and the Fuhe River Ivylinna Lee was several feet deep, so vessels of all sizes could not travel, and there was an endless stream of horses and chariots on the river.

　　There were mainly two cold periods in the Qing Dynasty in Hunan, the first was from the early Qing Dynasty to the end of Kangxi, and the second was from Jiaqing to Guangxu. For example, in the ninth year of Kangxi, there was heavy snow in Youxian County, and the river was frozen, so people could cross it. There are several feet of snow in winter in Ningxiang county, and the river can cross. It snows heavily in winter in Xiangxiang County, and the river is frozen and frozen. The snow in Hengshan county is several feet deep, and the river is frozen, which is more than feet thick. It snowed heavily for 60 days in Leiyang county, and everyone on the river crossed the ice. In the twenty-ninth year of Kangxi, the snow accumulated in Yuezhou Prefecture for more than ten days, and the lake was frozen, so people could walk across the river. Hengyang county ice, more than 40 days. The heavy snow in Chenzhou, with several feet of ice thickness, was released in February of the following year. In the fifty-second year of Kangxi, there was a big ice and a frozen river in Changsha County. It is feasible to freeze the rivers in Shanhua County. After twenty-five years of Qianlong, the pond was frozen. In the eleventh year of Xianfeng, the snow in Pingjiang was three feet deep, and the river was frozen to cross. In the first year of Tongzhi, the snow in Wugang was more than two feet deep and the ice was three inches thick. The pond was feasible, and it was difficult to understand for more than ten days. In the twenty-second year of Daoguang, there was heavy snow in Shaoyang, and the ground accumulated two or three feet. The ice was firm and feasible. In Guangxu three years, Leiyang was frozen for more than half a month, and pedestrians suffered.

　　There were also two particularly cold periods in Jiangxi in the Qing Dynasty. The first period was the Kanggan period, and the second period was the late years of Xianfeng and the early years of Tongzhi. For example, in the ninth year of Kangxi, there were dozens of days of heavy snow in Hukou County, and Meijiazhou in Pengli Lake was frozen and could pass people; It is snowing heavily in Xingzi County, and the river is frozen. The heavy snow in Linchuan county has accumulated for more than forty days, and the river ice can be crossed. In the eleventh year of Xianfeng, Wuning County was snowed for three days, with a depth of five or six feet, and it began to disappear at the end of the month. The rivers and wine jars were all frozen, and the water tanks were broken, so that residents had no water to draw, and they lived by melting snow for water. De ‘an County has been snowing for several days, and the Wushimen River is frozen very thick, so it can drive. It is snowing heavily in Poyang County, and the river is frozen, which is several feet strong and can be driven. The snow in Wannian County is four or five feet deep. Anyone with water in the appliance is known as water crack, and the ice in the pond is full of feet, which is feasible. In the first year of Tongzhi, the hard ice in Jinxian County was six or seven inches thick, and the Yangtze River could pass through chariots and horses, that is, the turbulence was frozen. In Anyi County, the snow fell in the first month of spring, and the rivers closed, pedestrians and camphor trees withered. The first month of yugan county is freezing, and the river ice is thick enough to cross the chariots and horses. The river in Anren County is full of ice, and people go up from the ice. It will be fine for ten days. It snowed heavily in the first month of spring in Wanzai County, dripping into ice.

　　Jiangsu and Anhui provinces are roughly divided into three cold periods, namely, the period of ShunKang Yong Gan, the early years of Tongzhi in the last years of Xianfeng and the middle period of Guangxu. For example, in the tenth year of Shunzhi, Tongcheng was snowed for more than ten days, and the trees were frozen, and the moon was puzzled. When it was snowing heavily, the ice was several feet thick, and the eaves hung on the ground, and many trees froze to death. In the winter of the eleventh year of Shunzhi, the ice of Dongtai River was more than feet thick, and people walked on the ice. Wujiang is cold in winter, and the ice in Taihu Lake is two feet thick. Songjiang prefecture, Lingdian frozen for several days, walking on the ice. In the ninth year of Kangxi, there was heavy snow in Wangjiang. The city was several feet deep, and the frozen ice in lakes and marshes was about six feet. The Huaihe River froze in Xuyi, and the horses and chariots traveled on the ice, and the solution began in February of the following year. In the winter of the twenty-ninth year of Kangxi, Shucheng and Wuwei were extremely cold, and the river ice was several feet. Wuxian county is cold and snowy, and the river is frozen and cut off. In the twenty-third year of Qianlong, Taihu Lake froze for more than a month. In the eleventh year of Xianfeng, there was heavy snow in winter, and the ice was thick enough to pass people. The snow in Guichi is seven or eight feet deep, and the river turns into ice. There is heavy snow in Wuxian county, and the flat land is four or five feet. The ice in Taihu Lake is half a month. In the eighteenth year of Guangxu, Wusongjiang, Qingpu County, was frozen for ten days. The river port in Jiading County is frozen and pedestrians can walk on the river. In the 19th year of Guangxu, there was heavy snow in Wuxian, and Taihu Lake was frozen to a thickness of feet. Although Lux vertebral chisel could not sail.

　　During this period, the climate in Zhejiang was also very cold, especially in the early Qing Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty. For example, in the eleventh year of Shunzhi, Cixi County was cold in winter, and the river was icy, and the boat could not pass through the moon. In the fourth year of Kangxi, the winter in Huzhou was very cold, and the ice in Taihu Lake was blocked. In the twenty-second year of Kangxi, Taihu Lake in Huzhou was frozen for more than a month, and people could walk on ice. In the twenty-eighth year of Kangxi, it was snowed in Anxian County, and the river was frozen and the boat was blocked for decades. In the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong, the winter in Jiashan County was very cold, which was unprecedented in more than sixty years. After 60 years of Qianlong, the snow in Wucheng County was ten feet deep, Taihu Lake was frozen, and people walked on the ice until the Lantern Festival the following year. In the winter of the seventeenth year of Guangxu, there was a great cold in Changhua County, and the river was ice-accumulated, which was several feet strong and could be used for walking. The snow in Taiping county is more than feet deep, coughing and spitting into ice, and the river is frozen and can’t sail. The snow in Haining is extremely cold, the river ice can be worn, and those who can’t get through the boat are tired. In the eighteenth year of Guangxu, all the rivers in Yuyao, Zhejiang were frozen. Heavy snow in Taiping County, coughing into ice, frozen rivers, unable to sail.

　　Studies have shown that Guangdong and Guangxi were equally cold in the Qing Dynasty, with the first low temperature period from the seventh year of Shunzhi to the eleventh year of Qianlong (1650-1750) and the second low temperature period from the ninth year of Daoguang to the second year of Xuantong (1830-1910), with the peaks of the two low temperature periods in the twenty-ninth year of Kangxi and the eighteenth year of Guangxu. For example, in the eighteenth year of Guangxu, the snow in Luchuan, Guangxi was two feet thick, the snow in Qinzhou was like cotton, the snow in Tai Po, Guangdong was three or four inches thick, and the waterfall in the mountain stream was frozen.

　　Since the beginning of the first half of the 20th century, the climate in southern China has become warmer, which is reflected in the relative warmth in the first 50 years. From the 1940s and 1950s, there was a brief cold period, which reached its peak in 1955. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, there was an extreme low temperature of about minus 14 degrees Celsius, and both Dongting Lake and Hanshui River were frozen, while Taihu Lake was partially frozen, and the absolute lowest temperature below zero was also recorded in Guangdong and Guangxi.

　　Generally speaking, the winter low temperature disaster in southern China is very serious in the past 300 years. During the cold period, not only the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River generally have a long period of heavy snow, but also the land is seriously frozen, and most rivers and lakes are frozen. Many rivers and lakes have ice thickness that can pass pedestrians and cars. Not only do people cough and spit into ice in the wild, but also water bowls and wine jars at home freeze, some of which are as thick as three inches. This low temperature freezing situation is unprecedented in the past 100 years. The degree of low-temperature freezing disaster in Sichuan and Chongqing in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is relatively weak, but some rivers in the northern part of the basin also appear freezing phenomenon, and Mianyang even turns boiling water into ice in an instant, which is more serious than this year’s low-temperature freezing disaster. In the high-altitude Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau area, sometimes it snows for as long as 40 days, and the bowl in Kunming freezes, and the degree of low temperature is also higher than that in modern times.

　　According to the 500-year temperature fluctuation map south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains of China, there are four cold periods from the mid-15th century to the 1970s, the mid-17th century, the mid-18th century and the late 19th century, and the cold period generally fluctuates between 100 and 150 years. In the past 300 years, 50 or 60 years in the early Qing Dynasty and 50 years in the late Qing Dynasty were the coldest periods. The extreme peak years of the former period were in the ninth year of Kangxi (in 1670, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Lingnan) and in the 29th year of Kangxi (in 1690, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Lingnan), while the peak years of the latter period were in the 17th to 19th years of Guangxu (in 1891-1893, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Lingnan). At the same time, there are relatively extreme low temperature periods of about 50 years in this hundred-year cycle, such as the 26th year of Qianlong (in 1761, in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River), 14th year of Jiaqing (in 1809, in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River), 11th year of Xianfeng and 1st year of Tongzhi (in 1861 and 1862, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River) and 1955 (in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Lingnan). Generally speaking, the low temperature degree of the heavy snow and freezing disaster in China this year is not as severe as the two heavy snow and freezing disasters in Kangxi and Guangxu years, nor as severe as the low temperature degree in 1955, but the scope of the disaster is rare. As far as the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and Lingnan areas are concerned, it is at least a once-in-50-year heavy snow and freezing disaster, and it can be described as a once-in-a-century winter low temperature and freezing disaster for the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

　　Second, the impact of heavy snow and freezing disasters

　　Due to different social and economic backgrounds, the impact of low temperature and freezing disasters in different periods is also very different.

　　(1) In the traditional era, the socio-economic operation of urban and rural areas was mainly maintained by natural renewable fuels. In the Qing Dynasty, most urban and rural areas in southern China mainly relied on nearby biofuel firewood for heating and lighting, and transportation and communication were also mainly transmitted by people. The natural attributes of life and production were obvious, so the impact of low temperature disasters on the basic survival and production of urban and rural areas was limited. From the traditional era, the low-temperature freezing disaster in the south usually causes "people and animals freeze to death", "fish and turtles freeze to death", "fruit trees wither", "trees are completely broken", "houses are crushed" and "boats are blocked", etc., but it is not easy to make urban and rural areas completely paralyzed. Modern industrial civilization is based on non-renewable and non-biological fuels, and this foundation is often realized by great transportation and transshipment; At the same time, modern fuel-powered transportation has higher requirements for roads, while people and information flow more frequently in modern society, and basic survival has higher requirements for transportation and fuel power. Therefore, once the traffic is blocked, the fuel can’t be transported through the big traffic, and the power is interrupted, the modern industrial civilized society will be completely paralyzed, and the disaster caused to the society will be more obvious.

　　(2) In the Qing Dynasty, the population density in southern China was not as high as that in modern times, and the intensity and scope of economic development were not as good as now, so the impact of low temperature and extreme climate on production and life was objectively limited. Especially in many areas of southern China in the Qing Dynasty, the scale of agricultural production in winter was very limited, and many lands were left fallow. However, with the economic development in southern China, the scale and scope of industrial economy have been greatly expanded, the urban population has soared, modern industrial civilization has been further deepened, and the multi-cropping system of field crops has been popularized, especially the development of a large number of greenhouse planting industries. The impact of low-temperature freezing disasters on urban and rural production and life is much more obvious than that of the Qing Dynasty.

　　Of course, we should also see that in the face of low-temperature and freezing disasters in ancient times, although the scale and degree of the disaster may be small objectively, it is precisely because of the constraints of transportation and communication that people often can’t know the situation in the disaster area in time and can’t carry out disaster relief and mitigation in time, so it often has a great impact on people’s livelihood.

　　It should be pointed out that the modern industrial economy in the south of China has only a history of more than one hundred years, but it only took shape in the last fifty years. In history, this large-scale extremely cold and frozen climate in the south is often a time scale period of one hundred to fifty years, so strictly speaking, the modern industrial civilization in the south of China has not experienced the test of this extremely low temperature and freezing disaster. Therefore, we not only lack the psychological and countermeasure preparation for this emergency, but also lack the construction requirements for preventing this kind of low-temperature freezing disaster, such as building roofs, power transmission, highway and railway transportation, which do not have the technical requirements for preventing extreme low-temperature freezing under high humidity. Therefore, it is necessary for us to strengthen the research on the prevention of extreme freezing weather in winter and establish corresponding preventive countermeasures in the urban and rural construction and social development in southern China. (Author: Institute of Historical Geography, Southwest University)

Editor: Li Erqing

　　This week, a mutant strain of COVID-19 called "Delta" sounded a new alert for the global epidemic.

　　According to the Guardian, 99% of the new cases in Britain are infected with the "Delta" strain. WHO pointed out that 92 countries and regions around the world have detected the spread of the "Delta" strain. On June 25th, WHO Director-General Tan Desai was worried.

　　WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus:"Delta" mutant strain is the most transmissible strain found so far, which has appeared in at least 85 countries and regions and is spreading rapidly among unvaccinated people.

　　A few days ago, WHO confirmed that the strain had spread to 92 countries and regions.

　　Swaminatan, chief scientist of WHO:Because the spreading ability of the "Delta" mutant strain has been significantly enhanced, this mutant strain in Covid-19 is becoming the main Covid-19 mutant strain in the world.

　　The "Delta" mutant strain was first discovered in India in October, 2020, and was named B.1.617.2 scientifically.

　　In May this year, in order to avoid the stigma associated with a specific country and facilitate its use, WHO announced the use of Greek letters to name the mutant strains found in various countries.

　　The four mutant strains listed as "needing attention" by WHO have new names corresponding to the first four letters of the Greek alphabet: alpha, beta, gamma and delta.

　　Among them, alpha, beta and gamma mutant strains all have a mutation called "N501Y", which seems to strengthen the infectivity of the virus to cells and make the virus spread more easily.

　　Beta and gamma mutant strains also have a key mutation, called "E484K", which may enable the virus to avoid being blocked by the immune system.

　　The mutation of "Delta" mutant strain is different. Initially, "Delta" was considered as a "double mutant" virus.

　　Maria Van Kokhov, Technical Director of WHO Health Emergency Project:First discovered and reported by India, there are two mutations, E484Q and L452R.

　　Djamil, dean of Trivedi School of Biological Sciences, Asoka University, pointed out in an exclusive interview with Xilong Times that the statement of "double mutation" is not accurate. The Delta variety contains 15 mutations in total, 6 of which occur in spike protein, and 3 of them are key: L452R, E484Q and P681R.

　　L452R improves the ability of virus to invade cells, E484Q helps to enhance the immune escape of virus, and P681R can also make virus enter cells more effectively.

　　The combined effect of these mutations makes the "Delta" mutant strain partially avoid some neutralizing antibodies, so it is more infectious.

　　Maria Van Kokhov, Technical Director of WHO Health Emergency Project:We know that the "Delta" variant does increase the spread, which means that it can be more easily spread among people. This is related to known mutations, which allow viruses to adhere to cells and invade cells more easily.

　　The BBC synthesized data from Imperial College London and The Lancet magazine, and compared the basic infection number of COVID-19 mutant strain with other viruses, that is, R0.

　　R0 of "Alpha" mutant strain is 4-mdash; 5. That is to say, without any intervention of epidemic prevention measures, a patient infected with "Alpha" mutant strain can continue to transmit the virus to 4— Five people.

　　R0 of Delta mutant strain is 5-mdash; 8；

　　The R0 of mumps is 12;

　　The R0 of measles is 18.

　　A study in The Lancet, an international medical journal, shows that the risk of hospitalization is twice as high for people infected with the "Delta" mutant strain as for people infected with the "Alpha" mutant strain.

　　Hairdressing shop owner Shawang:We used to earn 300,000 to 350,000 rupees a month, but now we are completely losing money, and most hairdressers have returned to their villages.

　　This is Maharashtra, one of India’s major economic and cultural centers.

　　According to the international authoritative journal Nature, in the past few months, the highly contagious "Delta" mutant strain has spread rapidly in India and has become the main strain prevalent in Maharashtra. But the ferocity of "Delta" does not stop there.

　　In March this year, researchers first discovered a further variant of the "Delta+"strain in Europe. In early April, "Delta+"was also detected in Maharashtra.

　　According to a report by India’s New Delhi TV Station on June 23rd, at least 40 cases of "Delta+"infection have been found in seven Indian states including Maharashtra, Kerala and Madhya Pradesh, among which Maharashtra has reported more than 20 cases.

　　Trust card for director of hospital intensive care unit:A large number of vulnerable people live in rural areas, suburbs and small towns. This time we expect the virus to spread to these areas intelligently.

　　At present, two-thirds of the new cases in COVID-19 come from rural areas, and about 30% of the urban population has been vaccinated with at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, compared with only 15% in rural areas.

　　Local health workers also said: "When we go for virus testing or talk to them, sometimes people will tell us to leave, otherwise they will beat us, and sometimes they will throw stones and bricks."

　　This week, the Ministry of Health of India pointed out that the "Delta+"strain has stronger transmission ability, and adjusted the classification of this new strain from "variant of interest" to "variant of concern".

　　Maharashtra Health Minister Top:We have issued instructions to all subordinate officials to pay close attention to infection cases related to "Delta+"variant.

　　According to a report by the BBC on the 24th, the "Delta+"strain has been found in at least 10 countries including the United States, Britain, Portugal, Switzerland, Japan and Russia. Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, has recently entered a full blockade every weekend.

　　Portuguese National Guard spokesperson Cagnotto:Drivers know the rules, they know that it is forbidden to leave and enter Lisbon metropolitan area, and the traffic on Friday afternoon is much less than usual.

　　Newsstand operator:I think all measures to reduce the number of cases are good. I am located in the city center and I see that all foreign tourists don’t wear masks.

　　Lisbon and the Tejo Valley are the regions with the most serious epidemic in Portugal.

　　According to the report released by the Portuguese National Institute of Health, among the recent new cases in Lisbon, the infection cases related to the "Delta" mutant strain accounted for more than 60%, and some local epidemiologists believe that this proportion has reached 70%.

　　Due to the obvious deterioration of the epidemic, the United Kingdom removed Portugal from the British green navigation list in early June.

　　Simon, an English tourist in Portugal:I’m very angry. I’ve missed half my holiday. Now it costs me a lot of money to change my flight in order not to be quarantined after returning home.

　　On June 21st, Portuguese Health Minister temido said that the spread speed of the "Delta" mutant strain has exceeded the speed of vaccination.

　　Portuguese cabinet spokesman da Silva:We think it’s very important now not to let Lisbon’s current difficulties spread to other regions.

　　On June 23rd, the gymnasium of Lisbon University was temporarily used as the vaccination center for COVID-19, which was operated by the Portuguese Armed Forces to vaccinate people over 50 years old. President De appeared at the vaccination site.

　　Portuguese President De:We are here to call attention to this priority, and the Portuguese are racing against time with unity and cooperation.

　　On June 24th, during the EU summit, German Chancellor Angela Merkel said that Germany and Europe were treading on thin ice.

　　German Chancellor Angela Merkel:We need to be vigilant, especially in the face of Covid-19’s new variety "Delta", which reminds us to be cautious.

　　A few days ago, Merkel had just received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine.

　　Willer, Director of robert koch Research Institute:Since the second week of June, because there is always a certain time lag in statistics, the proportion has reached 15%, but we think the proportion will certainly be higher today.

　　German Federal Minister of Health Span warned that it was only a matter of time before the Delta strain continued to spread and became the most important strain in Germany.

　　On June 23rd, the European Center for Disease Control and Prevention released the latest epidemic model forecast: It is estimated that by the beginning of August, 70% of the newly confirmed cases in the EU and EEA countries will be caused by the "Delta" mutant strain, and by the end of August, this proportion will rise to 90%.

　　Kruger, Director of the WHO Regional Office for Europe:The worrying "Delta" variety, showing stronger transmission and some immune escape ability, is preparing to take root in the European region.

　　In contrast, on June 24th, US President Biden appeared in Raleigh, the "Oak City" in North Carolina. According to Bloomberg, this is a vaccine trip.

　　US President Biden:The dangerous mutant strain continues to spread, and it is now a very common variant in the United States. People who are not vaccinated are very vulnerable, which is also a concern of experts about the "Delta" strain.

　　In May this year, Biden confidently announced the next stage of epidemic prevention goal in the United States, that is, 70% of American adults should be vaccinated with at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before July 4, the day of American independence, and 160 million American adults should be vaccinated with two doses.

　　However, according to the CDC data, as of June 22nd, only about 65% of adults in the United States have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Only 55% in North Carolina. White House officials admit that Biden’s epidemic prevention goal may not be completed as scheduled.

　　White House COVID-19 Epidemic Response Coordinator Zienz:There is still a lot of work to be done in this country, especially for people aged 18 to 26. The fact is that many young people in the United States feel that the COVID-19 epidemic will not affect them, and they have no desire to get vaccinated.

　　On June 24th, a strange conversation between Biden and CNN reporter further aroused people’s anxiety.

　　In the eyes of some Americans, Biden was once again questioned as to whether he could be trusted, except for the new nickname "Joe the Terrible".

　　Defense lawyer Woodfield:For the first time in the history of our country, private employers told their employees that as a condition of your employment, you must take part in the vaccine test, which has never happened in the history of our country.

　　In Houston Methodist Hospital, Texas, hundreds of employees were fired or forced to resign because they didn’t want to be vaccinated. Nurse bridges took the lead in bringing a lawsuit against the hospital.

　　Bridges, a former nurse at Houston Methodist Hospital:At first, 117 people joined us, and now we will add another 70 people. We hope that Methodist hospitals will be responsible for their actions, and we hope that the public will know that we should not lose our jobs.

　　Bloomberg pointed out that the COVID-19 epidemic is spreading rapidly in several states with insufficient vaccination, especially in Missouri and Utah, where more and more young people go to hospitals. These data release a clear signal that the epidemic in the United States has rebounded.

　　Frederick, Chief Executive Officer of Missouri Mercy Hospital:At the end of this week, 60% to 65% of the patients who entered the intensive care unit were under 40 years old, which was shocking compared with last year.

　　According to the data released by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on June 22nd, more than 20% of the newly confirmed cases in the United States in the last two weeks were infected with the "Delta" strain, while in the report released on June 8th, this figure was only about 6%.

　　Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Now this proportion is 20%, and it can be predicted that it will become the main virus-causing strain in the next few weeks to a month.

　　At present, the high-profile European Championship is in full swing in 11 European countries, and in the face of the fierce counterattack epidemic, UEFA is also very headache about what to do in the next competition.

　　Not only that, there is only less than one month before the opening of the Tokyo Olympics. This week, Japanese public health experts also said that "the Tokyo epidemic tends to rebound, which is very worrying."

　　On June 25th, Beijing time, UEFA announced the best team in the group stage of the European Championship, among which Cristiano Ronaldo, the Portuguese star who was crowned the top scorer in the history of the European Championship finals, was selected with the highest score.

　　Wembley Stadium in London, England will be the venue for the semi-finals and finals of the European Championship. On June 22nd, UEFA announced that the British government has agreed to further increase the attendance rate of Wembley Stadium during the European Championship, and the opening rate of the stadium will increase from 25% during the group stage to 75%, which means that more than 60,000 spectators will be accepted in each of the three semi-finals on July 6th and 7th and the final on July 11th.

　　Wembley Stadium will witness the largest audience of British sports events in 15 months, the British Department of Digitalization, Culture, Media and Sports wrote on the top official Twitter.

　　British Health Minister Hancock:The European Championship is going well. The final will be held at Wembley Stadium. I also went to Wembley on Friday night. It was great to hear the noise of the crowd again.

　　However, the recent obvious deterioration of the epidemic in Britain has also caused many people to worry about whether holding large-scale events here will bring risks.

　　Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi:Yes, I advocate that the finals should not be held in countries where the risk of infection is growing rapidly.

　　German Chancellor Angela Merkel:Britain is a high-risk area for virus variants, which means that anyone from Britain to Germany will need to be quarantined for 14 days.

　　Since May, the number of newly confirmed cases in Britain has increased rapidly, and has recently rebounded to more than 10,000 cases per day.

　　On June 25th, the British Ministry of Public Health said that among the newly confirmed cases in the past week, 96% were caused by the "Delta" strain, compared with 99% in the previous week, and the cumulative number of people suffering from the "Delta" strain in Britain has reached 11157.

　　British Prime Minister Johnson:This is why we are so worried about the "Delta" variant, which is now spreading faster than the third wave of epidemic predicted in February.

　　On June 18th, the match between England and Scotland was held at Wembley Stadium, and a large number of Scottish fans "went south" into London, which brought a lot of pressure to the prevention and control of the epidemic in London.

　　On June 13th, Sadiq Khan, the mayor of London, was photographed celebrating the 1-0 victory of the Three Lions in Trafalgar Square. The excited crowd seemed to have completely forgotten to observe the epidemic prevention regulations.

　　According to the British "Times" report, among the 24 teams participating in the European Championship, except England, Scotland and Wales, the countries and regions to which the other teams belong are all on the orange or even red list of the epidemic in the UK. According to the British epidemic prevention policy, they must be quarantined for 10 days after arriving in the UK. Previously, the British government granted "isolation exemption" to the players, coaches and staff of the participating teams in order to hold the event smoothly. However, UEFA requested that 2,500 officials and VIPs also be granted "isolation exemption" so that they can directly enter Wembley Stadium to watch the game.

　　This puts the British government in a dilemma. If it accepts UEFA’s request, it will arouse the dissatisfaction of its own people. If it refuses, UEFA threatens to move both semi-finals and finals to Budapest, Hungary, where the epidemic situation is well controlled, which is also unacceptable to Britain.

　　The same dilemma also happened in Japan. On June 20th, the Olympic Village of the Tokyo Olympic Games was opened to the media for the first time, and the place where more than 10,000 athletes from more than 200 countries and regions lived was finally presented to the world.

　　Seiko Hashimoto, Chairman of the Tokyo Olympic Organizing Committee:With regard to the response to the COVID-19 epidemic, up to now, 80% of all people from all over the world have been vaccinated.

　　However, just the day before, on the 19th, one of the nine members of the Ugandan delegation who arrived in Tokyo tested positive for COVID-19 screening at the airport. Japanese Olympic Secretary Tamayo Marukawa confirmed that this person was infected with the "Delta" mutant strain. However, all members of the Ugandan delegation had completed two doses of vaccination before going to Japan and provided negative test certificates within 72 hours. On the 23rd, another member of the Ugandan delegation was tested positive, and many Japanese workers who came into contact with it were also isolated, which cast a shadow over the upcoming Olympic Games.

　　On July 23rd, the Tokyo Olympic Games is about to open, less than a month from now. According to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, about 94,000 people will enter Japan during the Olympic Games, which has sparked a debate about the number of spectators at the Olympic Games.

　　On June 21st, the Japanese government, the Tokyo Olympic Organizing Committee, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee held five-party talks online, and it was formally decided that the number of people watching the Olympic Games on site should not exceed 50% of the venue capacity, with a maximum of 10,000 people.

　　Seiko Hashimoto, Chairman of the Tokyo Olympic Organizing Committee:We have received a suggestion that if no spectators are allowed to enter, we can hold the Olympic Games more safely.

　　Many experts, including Shigeru Omi, the chief medical consultant of the Japanese government, believe that it is the least risky way to hold an event without an audience.

　　Only in this way, the publicity effect of the Tokyo Olympic Games will be weakened. For the upcoming election of the Japanese House of Representatives after the Olympic Games, the boosting effect will also be discounted. Kyodo News noted that Prime Minister Suga Yoshihide was anxious about this situation.

　　Japanese Prime Minister Suga Yoshihide:If it is necessary to implement a state of emergency, I will respond flexibly, not open the stadium to any audience, and hold an event with public safety as the first priority.

　　According to the research forecast of Xipu Bo, a professor of epidemiology at Kyoto University, by July 23rd, the opening of the Tokyo Olympic Games, the positive cases caused by the "Delta" mutant strain will account for 70% of all newly confirmed cases.

　　According to the results of a poll released by Kyodo News, among 2,000 respondents, 86% are worried that the Olympic Games and Paralympics will lead to the further expansion of the epidemic, 40.3% think that the Olympic Games should be held in an empty venue, and 30.8% think that it should be cancelled.

　　Tokyo citizens:As a resident, I am worried that the city may become crowded and Covid-19 will spread further.

　　Regarding the situation of epidemic prevention and control, Indian immunologist Barr stressed that no matter what kind of Covid-19 is targeted at, "vaccination will always put you in a better position to fight infection".

Cover journalist Huang Yong

Han surname (13) | Han E, a famous folk singer in the pre-Qin period, told her story in three days with the idiom lingering.

During the Han Dynasty, the two counties named Yingchuan County and Nanyang County gradually formed. At the same time, Han people spread widely and moved to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Shandong, Gansu, Hebei, Beijing and some areas in the north.

At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, people surnamed Han were very dazzling on the historical stage, and even decided the direction of history. Among them, three Han Xin have their own wonderful stories.

Let’s talk about the first Han Xin. It is said that he was the last king of South Korea, Han An, one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, who was a descendant of Wang An.

After the demise of Korea, Han Wang ‘an was moved to Yingchen, the former capital of Chu.

As we mentioned earlier, Wang An-han is also a backward king. When he took over the South Korean landscape from his father Han Huanhui and Wang Hanran, this landscape was no longer in its heyday, but was in a declining state.

More importantly, Han Wang also inherited the incompetence of his parents.

During Han Zhaohou’s reign, South Korea was also weak and often beaten, but he reused Shen Buhai as a prime minister, and made it strong through political reform, which made South Korea become strong soon, stubbornly standing among the predatory vassal states, and became one of the seven heroes of the Warring States.

If Han Wang ‘an had a little ability, although he inherited a mess full of holes, but he managed it carefully and worked hard, South Korea would not have become the first country among the six males to be eaten by Qin.

If Han Wang-an can see clearly the international situation at that time, understand Qiang Qin’s hegemonic position and follow Qin wholeheartedly, maybe South Korea can survive for some time.

However, these are all assumptions, and history will not have assumptions and will not come again.

After Qin destroyed South Korea, it was more tolerant of Han Wang, who did not make much fierce resistance. After all, Han Wang surrendered voluntarily when he was cornered.

Therefore, Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, did not kill Han Wang, nor did he move him to a remote area far away from the Central Plains, but moved him to Yingchen (once the capital of Chu) not far from South Korea, leaving room for moderation.

In doing so, Ying Zheng aims to let Han Wang-an leave South Korea, cut off the connection between him and Koreans, and guard against possible accidents.

But what Ying Zheng didn’t expect was that Ying Chen had been a hot spot against Qin since he was captured by Qin Jun. Not only did the old people of Chu rebel constantly, but also anti-Qin fugitives from all over the world gathered here. Zhang Liang, for example, once came here to secretly engage in anti-Qin activities after his demise in South Korea.

Historically, after any country is destroyed, there will be unwilling adherents who continue to engage in resistance activities, and Korean adherents are no exception. Their desire to resist Qin and revive South Korea has not died out and they have never stopped underground resistance.

Han Wang ‘an was moved to Yingchen by Ying Zheng, which became the fuse of Korean anti-Qin activities from underground to ground, from concealment to publicity.

An anti-Qin rebellion broke out in South Korea, and Han Wang was implicated and died.

Shortly after Han Wang ‘an was moved to Yingchen, in 226 BC, a large-scale anti-Qin rebellion broke out in Xinzheng, the former capital of South Korea’s old aristocracy.

For this rebellion, the historical records are unknown, and it is difficult to know its detailed process.

But we can infer that the purpose of resistance is to revive South Korea. In this case, there must be a reason to advocate and call on everyone to rise up against Qin, otherwise everyone will listen to you when you say you are against Qin. You have to give a specific reason first.

This reason must be visible, tangible and possible. The biggest possibility is to call on everyone to rise up against Qin in the name of Han Wang’ an.

Therefore, this rebellion, not only played the name of Han Wang’ an, but also had a plan to "rob the prison", that is, to save Han Wang’ an from Xi Chen and lead everyone to fight against Qin together.

Only such a national salvation route and plan can make people believe that the resistance is reliable, hopeful and hopeful.

Of course, the final result was that the resistance failed, and Qin Jun suppressed the uprising.

As for the ending of Han Wang ‘an, relevant historical materials say that Han Wang ‘an died shortly after this rebellion.

It is worth noting that there is no historical data showing that Han Wang was executed or died of rebellion.

Then, why did Han Wang ‘an die soon after the failure of the Korean rebellion? It is obviously a bit illogical to say that his death has nothing to do with the resistance.

If Ying Zheng wanted to let Wang An die, he should have been killed after the demise of South Korea, so as not to bother to move Wang An to Xi Chen and put him under house arrest, and to send heavily guarded.

Therefore, it is most likely that after Ying Zheng suppressed the Korean rebellion, after investigation, he found evidence that Han Wang was involved in this rebellion.

In order to put an end to future troubles, cut off the rebels’ hope of using Han Wang-an to restore the country, and with Ying Zheng’s temper, simply let Han Wang-an die, cut off this influential "flag", get rid of it once and for all, and end up quiet.

From this point of view, the death of Han Wang ‘an should be caused by the involvement of South Korean resistance activities.

Of course, there is another possibility, that is, Han Wang did participate in the planning behind the rebellion, and was later involved in the rebellion and killed in it.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, Han Xin participated in the establishment of achievements in quelling the rebellion between Zhu and Lu.

How many sons does Han Wang An have? There is no detailed record in historical materials. But this Han Xin in the early Han Dynasty is said to be the descendant of Han Yun, the second son of Han Wang.

Han Yunsheng Han Long, Han Longsheng Han Zhi, and Han Zhi gave birth to Han Xin.

In the 4th year of Emperor Hui of the Western Han Dynasty (191 BC), Han Xin was recommended as Xiao Lian and entered the official career.

In 195 BC, Liu Bang died, Prince Liu Ying ascended the throne as Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty, and Empress Dowager Lv Zhi began to monopolize power.

In August 188 BC, Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty died of depression. Lv Zhi made Liu Gong, the eldest son and prince of Liu Ying, the emperor, and became the first person in the dictatorship of Empress China.

In order to strengthen her rule, Lv Zhi constantly cracked down on Liu’s princes and ministers who opposed her, and sealed her maiden family’s consorts with Lu’s surname, and successively made more than 10 Lu’s family kings and princes, which was called "Zhu Lu" in history.

In August 180 BC, Lv Zhi died of illness. The struggle for power broke out between the consorts group of Lu and the royal group of Liu, and the founding heroes Chen Ping and zhou bo responded, and the kings of Liu rose up and killed Zhu Lu. In the end, the Liu family group won.

Lu Jia and Chen Ping conspired against Zhu Lu. (according to the comic book)

In quelling the rebellion of Zhu-Lv, Han Xin also participated in it, made great achievements, and was appointed as County Yin. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, Han Xin was made a captain for riding cars, and later he was promoted to the position of Governor of Hejiang County.

According to legend, this descendant of Han Xin changed his surname to He in order to avoid disaster because Han Xin offended the powerful people in the DPRK when he was an official.

Many researchers have expressed doubts about this statement, which is not shown here for the time being.

[Next attention]

Han surname (15) | Han Xin, the marquis of Huaiyin, was wiped out after his death. Did he have any descendants to survive?

　　BEIJING, Shennongjia, October 25 (Luo Yongbin, Peng Linpeng) On the night of October 24, adult giant pandas "Olympic Games" and "Yunyun" arrived safely in Shennongjia, Hubei Province. This is considered to be the return of giant pandas to Shennongjia after more than 100 years, marking a key step in public education and scientific research of giant pandas in Shennongjia.

　　At 11: 00 a.m. on the same day, two giant pandas, escorted by shennongjia national nature reserve and the staff of China Giant Panda Protection and Research Center, set off from Qingchengshan Base in Dujiangyan, flew to Yichang Airport in Hubei via Chengdu, and then arrived at their "new home" in Guanmenshan, shennongjia national nature reserve by land that night. Routine inspection of the entourage showed that the two giant pandas were in good health and stable mood after arriving at home, and soon began to taste new food — — Fargesia shennong.

　　The two giant pandas who returned to their hometown Shennongjia this time were born in 2008, in their prime of life, healthy and lively, and they are about to start a new life in Shennongjia.

　　In 2015, in order to enrich and expand the field of natural science research in Shennongjia, the Party Committee and Government of Shennongjia Forest Region drew up a plan to implement the national treasure panda public education project in shennongjia national nature reserve, which was supported by the State Forestry Administration.

　　In recent years, according to the procedures and requirements of the public education and scientific research project on giant pandas, Shennongjia Forest Area has organized many batches of experts to carry out a large number of investigations, studies and demonstrations, initiated and implemented administrative examination and approval, venue construction, food sources, technology and financial guarantee, and finally decided to implement the panda arrival plan in late October.

　　The China International Conference on the Protection of Giant Pandas held from 19th to 21st of this month clearly stated that giant pandas are the common property of human beings and are still in an endangered state. All parties will make joint efforts to carry out in-depth cooperation in in-situ conservation, ex-situ conservation and public education of giant pandas. The implementation of public education and scientific research on giant pandas in Shennongjia is of great significance to enhance the public’s awareness and cognition of panda protection, effectively improve the protection and research ability of rare wild animals in Shennongjia, and carry out research on the food source and living environment of giant pandas in Shennongjia.

　　Shennongjia is the first "Triple Crown" heritage site in China, and its biodiversity has been widely recognized all over the world.

　　In September this year, the China Giant Panda Protection Research Center organized experts to inspect Shennongjia. In the assessment, it was pointed out that the ecological characteristics of Shennongjia and Sichuan Wolong Nature Reserve were very similar, and the climate and temperature, bamboo source types and quantities, and forest canopy were all in line with the living environment of giant pandas. At the same time, Shennongjia forest region has strong strength and fruitful achievements in the field of golden monkey protection and research, which can provide strong scientific and technological support and personnel support for the protection and development of giant pandas in the future.

　　It is understood that the newly-built Shennongjia Giant Panda Pavilion covers an area of more than 7,000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 1,700 square meters. Its natural environment and supporting research facilities can effectively meet the comfort and safety standards of giant pandas, and also meet the conditions for public display and scientific research.

　　Historical data show that Shennongjia was once a paradise for giant pandas, and the indirect influence of natural environment changes and human activities led to the disappearance of giant pandas in this area. It is of great significance and great responsibility for Shennongjia to welcome back the giant panda and carry out public education and scientific research. In order to achieve this goal at an early date, shennongjia national nature reserve has made careful, meticulous and meticulous preparations in environmental conditions, daily management, staffing, food source supply, disease prevention and control, etc.

　　According to the personage of Shennongjia Nature Reserve, the "Olympic Games" and "Yunyun" have a long-distance transportation, and there is still a process of adaptation to the new environment. Shennongjia Nature Reserve will cooperate with the technicians of China Giant Panda Protection and Research Center, take care of them, and make them better adapt to their "new home" as soon as possible. After quarantine, they will be visited by friendly humans.

On July 18th, recently, some owner users of Zhixing shared their experience videos in the user center on the Internet platform, and emphatically introduced the dining-related experience, and nicknamed the user center as "HarmonyOS Hotel" and "Wenjie Hotel".

IT House noticed that Yu Chengdong, managing director of Huawei and chairman of terminal BG, also shared his experience in "HarmonyOS Hotel" yesterday:

It’s very distinctive to come to HarmonyOS Zhixing User Center in Inner Mongolia for supper. We have launched more than 600 user centers across the country.Free vehicle inspection in summer, including More than 200 companies support HarmonyOS Zhixing starry night service., convenient for users to come after work, check a car,Have a mealFeel free to go home.

It is worth mentioning that Yu Chengdong also shared the menu of Guest Meal Week in Zhixing User Center in HarmonyOS, Inner Mongolia: the dinner time is 19:30-21:30, and during the period from July 14th to July 20th, the daily dishes are different, but they are all Chinese.Roughly including four main dishes+one soup+one fruit.The staple food is expected to be rice.

At present, the official meal price has not been announced yet. IT House called the local HarmonyOS Zhixing User Center and learned that,Car owners and users are free to eat, and no related fees are charged.. For reference, HarmonyOS Zhixing announced on the community platform at the end of last month that its offline layout reached a new high, and 32 new user centers were built from April to May. At present, there are 290+ users in Wenjie User Center, 160+ users in HarmonyOS Zhixing User Center and 710+ users in Experience Center. It is reported that HarmonyOS Zhixing will build high-end store services, including store image, exhibition hall environment, sales reception, coffee service, delivery ceremony and after-sales service. In addition, HarmonyOS Zhixing plans to build a 350+ user center in 2025.